...My name is William Leahy. I was a navy admiral from 1927-1959. I happended to be the highest ranked military officer at the time and was very close to President Roosevlet. Before the tragic incident at Pearl Harbour, we, military and navy officers were looked down on by the public as dangerous at worst and useless at best. We were thought to be of no help at all and were just ruining the possible democratic solutions at hand. But soon, all of this was going to change. Before WWII, we were a peaceful country that did not want to get involved in any war, and were focusing on building on our nation. When WWII started, we clandestinely supported Britain and publically remained neutral. Then at December 7, 1941, the Japanese airforce came and bombed Pearl Harbour, hoping to neutralize our navy. We had sustained heavy losses including losing 4 battleships, 3 cruisers and destroyers, 188 aircrafts, and 2,042 personnels. We also lost a shipyard, powerstation, and a torpedo and fuel storage facility. This act shocked the U.S. All of the military advisors gathered around and decided to stop this from happening again by entering the war. It had nearly been four years of fighting with Japan and Germany and there seemed to be no end. In the year of 1942, I met with atomic energy scientists and General Grove and ordered the immediate construction of an atomic bomb. After it had been tested, President Truman had decided to use this devastating weapon against Japan. I personally thought that...
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...In the article, “Doubts about Doublespeak” by William Lutz the author describes the difference between positive and negative communication- “Doublespeak.” The obscure language that is intended to communicate, without being straightforward. For example, a job company brings in a half dozen of employees, and tells them they are sorry but it's time they downsize the company, instead of saying we are firing a few employees. Doublespeak is to tell someone something, without being blunt about it. Even though doublespeak is affecting us, we continue to use it in our everyday lifestyle. Although we may not recognize it, it is used through politicians and social media. In the article, William Lutz provides four types of doublespeak, euphemism, jargon,...
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...The reason for which we see the use of doublespeak frequently in today’s society is because it is closely associated with political language, which is heavily employed nowadays. It is used to distort words and phrases so that people are expressing their ideas whilst trying to deceive people as to avoid potential conflict. A good example of doublespeak is given by author William Lutz : “the State Department announced it was replacing the term ‘killing’ in its future reports with the phrase ‘unlawful or arbitrary deprivation of life’" (Lutz, William.). Doublespeak is used to obfuscate people and make them believe they are fully aware of what’s being said when they really aren’t. People like to use doublespeak to make money and hide negativity. For example, by saying something is “gently used” when it is actually beyond use, that’s a complete distortion of truth and the person can make more money than they should off of the product. As for the use of gobbledygook in today’s society, it’s used for similar reasons: to confuse people. It’s used to make people believe that whatever it is they’re reading or seeing is official and trustworthy whereas it most likely isn’t. It’s widely used in today’s economy...
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...Michael Beasinger 01-14-12 Comp 2 With these words I can Sell you anything With These Words I Can Sell You Anything is a warning piece from the 1990 book Doublespeak, by William Lutz. William is a English teacher at Rutgers University, who is often called the “George Orwell of the 90's” due to a similar feelings on totalitarianism and social injustice. In the piece lutz uses his dictionary like grasp on the meaning of words to debunk the “weasel” words that advertisers often use hype up and push a product. In the excerpt Lutz's thesis clearly states “Advertisers use weasel words to appear to be making a claim for a product in fact they are making no claim at all”. He then goes on by breaking several of these words down to their base meaning and then places them into context, for example “virtually spotless” a claim made on nearly every dish and laundry cleaning product on the market. The word virtually is used by advertisers as a almost guarantee but actually by definition means not in fact. Several of these weasel words are brought to trial and put to the sword in the same fashion. William Lutz's logos is very powerful in the argument using the words own definition and the advertisements writers lack of context to let it defeat itself. His use of pathos is strong points to warn his readers to look deeper at words such as “like magic” and “helps...”. His ethos in the argument do relay a sense of reliability in the piece, but could be called into question by a more...
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...LIFE UNDER THE CHIEF DOUBLESPEAK OFFICER The writer, William Lutz takes his time and explains how companies and cooperation have changed the name titles for workers. He also translates to us the true meaning Doublespeaking has over taking. For an example the Garbage Man is now known as the Sanitation Engineer, or Solid Waste Consulter. He breaks down the unexplained terms that are characterized as if it’s a majorly hard job, but it’s really a small easy job. As I read the article I understood him saying how businesses lie their way to the top. In the article the writer describes the similarities of simple jobs with such large meaningless names. Try these titles on for size: Chief Nuclear Officer, Chief Procurement Officer, Chief Information Officer, Chief Learning Officer, Chief Transformation Officer, Chief Cultural Officer, Chief People Officer, Chief Ethics Officer, Chief Turnaround Officer, Chief Technology Officer, and Chief Creative Officer. After all the "operations improvement" corporations have undergone, you have to wonder who all those "chiefs" are leading. (Lutz) In that sense it tells me he think there are, “Too many Chiefs and not enough Indian trying to lead one pack.” I think some of the Chiefs need to be cut in order to gain more workers. The writer takes his time to express how people are terminated or has to resign. Doublespeak is a word used to make thing seem more professional than it really is. Just like a Janitors, they are now called Federal...
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...Double Speak In Taylor Swift’s song “Another Picture to Burn” she uses euphemism when speaking to someone of the male gender by saying “And if you come around saying sorry to me; My daddy's gonna show you how sorry you'll be.” In other words Taylor is implying if she doesn't get an apology her father is going to hurt him. Doublespeak is a type of language that is used in everyday conversation. It is a form of communication best described as confusing, distorted, disguised, and vague. Doublespeak is mainly used to reduce shock of an event by making it seem it’s not as bad as it actually is. The language can be used when speaking to only one person individually or a community. William Lutz describes doublespeak as “a language that pretends to communicate but doesn't.” Lutz first speaks about euphemism. Euphemism is used to hide the harsh truth therefore you don’t catastrophize the situation you actually understate the situation. Lutz used an example where the U.S. State Department uses “unlawful or arbitrary deprivation of life” instead of the word “killing” again, to hide the realism of the situation. Jargon as Lutz described it is, “the specialized language of a trade, profession, or similar group, such as doctors, lawyers, plumbers, or car mechanics.” In simpler terms, jargon is a language used by a specific group which may be difficult for others to understand. The word Lutz uses as an example is “involuntary conversion” which was used by an airplane crash in 1978. The...
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...ignored and is a distressing and often times a profoundly painful event (Williams, 2007). Ostracism threatens our sense of belonging and connection with others and at deeper levels our perception of existence. (van Beest, Williams, 2006). The increasing popularity in the use of the Internet as a form of social communication can provide gratifying opportunities for social interaction it also embodies a salient form of ostracism (Williams et al., 2002). This proposed study is interested the effects of online ostracism. Ostracism is capable of threatening four fundamental needs (Williams, 1997); the need for belonging is threatened because it segregates an individual from a social group. Self-esteem is threatened because the interpretation of the individuals’ exclusion may be the result of being undervalued (van Beest, Williams, 2006). Our need for control is threatened because the individual being ostracized has little power to affect a change. Finally ostracism affects an individuals’ perception of their existence (Williams, 1997; Williams et al., 2002). The effect of ostracism is strong enough that Williams, Cheung, and Choi (2000) discovered participants ostracized in the virtual ball toss game cyberball reported lower levels on the four needs when they were ostracized by people as they were when playing the computer alone, knowing it was not connected to other computers. Additionally Gonsalkorale and Williams (2007) found that participants in a cyberball game reported lower levels...
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...Explain the difference between what Williams calls internal reasons and external reasons. Do you agree with Williams that there is no such thing as an external reason? Bernard Williams Started a long running well spoken about debate, about the nature of reasons in his seminal paper 'Internal and External Reasons' (Williams 1980) and the following publication 'Internal Reasons and the Obscurity of Blame' (Williams 1989). Williams famously argued that all reasons behind our actions are internal, and further proclaimed that there are no external reasons, which is in direct contrast with internal reasons as he has defined them in his literature. On close examination, his external reason claims turn out to be disguised claims about what would be good for someone to do, not claims about what they have reason to do. I will be describing Internal and External reasons according to Williams and discuss the merits of his claims and my beliefs towards them I have based my arguments on Goldsteins work as it a far more complete argument and analysis of internal and external reasons. Williams has defined two sets of reasoning which are in the world and that we can experience, one is an internal reason and the other being an external reason. He describes an internal reason as something that one has in light of one's own "subjective motivational set"- one's own commitments, desires (or wants) and goals Opposite to this is an external reason, which is one that which occurs independently...
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...Table of Contents Case 1 Petrobras 3 Case 2 Mattel Toxic Toys – Dangerous Play 3 Case 3 Discrimination in sports – «Williams Brothers» 5 References 5 Introduction In this essay I want to analyse three cases, connected with unethical behaviour in Business. First two cases cover company-wide wrongdoings in big and well-known companies, as Petrobras and Mattel. And the third one is individual-wide case about gender discrimination in sport. Thus, according to these three cases, importance of ethics consideration in any actions will be revealed. Case 1 Petrobras Short summary: Ethical considerations/issues: Dilemmas of the decision-maker: Goals of the decision-maker: Values and interests of stakeholders involved: Stakeholders Values Interests...
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...Poetry Summary Poetry Essay n APA William Blake’s “The Chimney Sweeper” is an effective short poem telling the social injustices that the British government was allowing to be placed upon children. Through the use of powerful imagery, Blake provokes readers to empathize with the young children being forced into child labor. I. Introduction A. “The Chimney Sweeper” B. William Blake C. Summary of Plot D. Thesis Statement II. Theme and Mood A. The theme is injustice B. Blake uses imagery to pull at reader’s heart strings C. ex: Little Tom crying when his head is shaved, coffins of black, angel visiting D. Analyze each line and tell which words allude to death and darkness (ex. Coffins of black, the angels visit) III. Figurative Language and Poetic Devices A. Tell how Blake uses rhyme and repetition to enhance the readability and enjoyment of the poem. B. ex: (weep! Weep! Weep!, so your chimneys I sweep) C. Tell how he uses alliteration D. Cite specific examples The use of the letter “s” E. Tell about his use of stressed and unstressed syllables IV. Summary: My interpretation of the poem V. Conclusion A. Restate thesis B. Explain how mood, theme, figurative language, and poetic devices contribute to the overall meaning and readability of the poem. Summary of “The Chimney Sweeper” William Blake’s two poems both entitled “The Chimney Sweeper” are found in “Songs of Innocence and Experience, Shewing the Two Contrary States of the Human...
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...level in which they wish to be at. There are side effects when it comes to the marketing tools and the techniques which they do not work properly as it was intended too. There are numerous of definitions that relate to the marketing field. According to William D. Perreault, the author of Basic Marketing, the best definition of marketing is the performance of activities that seek to accomplish an organization’s objectives by anticipating customer or client needs and directing a flow of need satisfying goods and services from producer to customer or client. (William D. Perreault, 2011). Marketing is important because it can be a benefit for a business or a hardship. Respectable marketing methods can make a transformation between a concrete upsurges in sales to an impasse circumstances on a quality merchandise. Marketing can be as simple as having a general conversation, which is usually the case in the long run. Marketing is vital because it offers businesses with a technique to help endorse the buying of their goods. Marketing offers advertisement and sponsorship for goods and services. To have a successful business is to have an understanding of marketing and to know the important key points of marketing. According to William D. Perreault, he states that marketing should begin with potential customer needs-not...
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...Chapter I The Problem A. INTRODUCTION Having a term paper as a requirement for the graduating students is important. It may be difficult for the students since it is their first time to make this requirement but it is fun to do this, since this is one of knowing the author and the same time develop the researcher’s skill in analyzing and interpreting ideas. In the writing this term paper the researchers gain information and get familiar to the works and life story of the two authors. This term paper focuses the comparative study of William Blake and Walt Whitman. The researchers gather information through research and analyze the data to answer the question stated in the problem. B. BIOGRAPHY OF WILLIAM BLAKE¹ William Blake was an English poet, engraver, and a painter. A boldly imaginative rebel in both his through and art, he combined poetic and pictorial genius to explore life. YOUTH William Blake was born in London, England, on November 28, 1757, the second son of a men’s clothing merchant. From his earliest year he saw vision. He would see trees full of angels on similar sights, if this were not true mystical visions; they were the results of the artistic intense spiritual understanding of the world. From his early teens Blake wrote poems, often setting them to melodies of his own composition. At the age of ten, Blake started at the well-known Park’s DrawingSchool, at age of fourteen; he began a seven year apprenticeship to an engraver. It was as an engraver...
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...throne. Edward's immediate predecessor was to be Harold of Wessex, a wealthy and influential English noble, who was chosen to be king by the Witenagemot of England. However, Harold was challenged by William who demanded that he had been promised the throne by King Edward and that Harold had confirmed this agreement. Harald III of Norway also disputed the succession. His right to the throne was founded on an arrangement between his predecessor Magnus I of Norway, and the earlier King of England Harthacanute, whereby if either died without heirs, the other would inherit both England and Norway. (Wilson, 1985) To add to this confusion Williams and Harald III both began assembling troops and ships for battle. Williams and I spent months preparing our army for battle and we waited for the right time to attack so that William could claim what was rightfully his. Mother you should have seen it about 10,000 soldiers dressed for battle in a rainbow of colors. The soldiers wore upon their heads handmade helmets and were armed with sword, spears, bows and arrows and shield made of wood. We finished preparing our army in July and then we stocked our ships with knights, archers, infantry, horses and enough wood necessary to build two or three fortresses. The ship that William and I...
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...ShuzWorld is looking forward to sit a store in one of its prime targets Dana Williams and it has 3 options at its disposal. Option 1: Stand Alone Option Involves leasing an existing box store on Route 20, just outside Auburn. It will lead to a profit of $ 700,000 if the market is favorable and a loss of $ 400,000 if the market is unfavorable. There is a 50/50 chance that it will be favorable or unfavorable 2 * 3. A. STAFF RECOMMENDATION 6/15/2013 Option 2: Auburn Mall This option involves opening a store in the Auburn mall Dana Williams This option will lead to a profit of $ 300,000 if the market is favorable and a loss of $ 50,000 if the market is unfavorable. There is a 50/50 chance that it will be favorable or unfavorable 3 * 4. A. STAFF RECOMMENDATION 6/15/2013 Option 3: Do Nothing Dana Williams This option involves doing nothing and waiting for a better time to move into the market. This option will lead to no profit and losses. 4 * 5. A. STAFF RECOMMENDATION 6/15/2013 Dana Williams 5 * 6. A. STAFF RECOMMENDATION 6/15/2013 Factors to consider while evaluating location alternatives for a new Dana Williams store include Store Location Store Size 6 * 7. B. PROJECT TECHNIQUES 6/15/2013 The project management techniques that ShuzWorld can use for the Critical Path Method Project Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) Just In Time Method Monte Carlo Method Dana Williams store it intends to build...
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