...Sample B A study of current attitudes to GM food: Literature review Introduction Genetically modified (GM) food has been available since 1984 (Butcher, 2009). GM organisms are created through a biotechnological process which consists of altering traits of original crops by inserting the DNA of another organism (MacCracken et al, 2011). As with all innovations, these developments in biotechnology have led to numerous studies about whether the benefits outweigh the risks (Shah, 2002). In the case of GM, the uncertain benefits and unknown risks might influence public perception (Ronteltap et al., 2007). Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate a wide range of published studies on public attitudes towards GM food, including studies by the FSA (2003), Sheldon et al. (2009) and Bredhal (1999), in order to provide a basis for the following research. This paper will firstly analyse the importance of knowledge in shaping public attitudes. Secondly, different types of attitudes will be categorised. The final section will be devoted to the factors that shape different attitudes. The paper concludes with a discussion of the main themes; highlighting different issues mentioned and relating them to the current research. Public Knowledge of GM food It is widely recognised that the availability of information plays a key role in consumer choice and decisions. Additionally, knowledge has a significant impact on either consumers’ acceptance or rejection of GM food (Bredhal...
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...An investigation of current attitudes by publics to Genetically Modified Food in UK Introduction 1. Background 2. Main ideas a. There are obvious differences in the relative importance of the factors affecting the attitude towards GM food among different countries. For example: In Greece only cognitive factors seem to be important, while in Germany other factors have to be taken into consideration as well. The most important factor here is age followed by gender and knowledge. b. Both Socio-demographic factors such as gender, age and Cognitive factors such as knowledge, trust and perceived benefits and risks could impact people’s attitudes to GM food. 3. The most important literature overall that you have read Main body Section A (including 1 paragraph) General attitudes 1. 2. 3. Section B (including 1 paragraph) Socio-demographic status such as gender, age 1. Gloede, Bechmann and Hennen (1993) The overall attitude towards genetic engineering is determined by socio-demographic factors such as age and education. 2. Miller (1997), pp. 54 Gender and science knowledge of science are the main factors influencing attitudes towards genetics. According to his results, based on US data, women reject GM of food more than men. 3. Hamstra (1995) She examined product and consumer characteristics as determinants of consumer acceptance and found that demographic factors had only little explanatory power, whereas the subjective perceptions of product characteristics...
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...Why does the green movement appose GM in agriculture? Word count: 994 BSE – Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy EU – European Union GE – Genetic Engineering GM – Genetic Modification GMO – Genetically Modified Organism The green movement is a broad belief system focussing on a whole array of issues targeting such things as: technology; monopolisation of GM; alleged dangers of corporate control; risk in food, health and farming; furthermore, encompassing issues of poverty; trade and human rights (Scoones, 2008). The green movement came about in the 1970’s when people became environmentally aware and socio-political groups began to spring up. The ideals of the green movement have spread globally in the form of political parties who believe their ethics will lead to world peace (Green peace international, 2006). However, these principles encompass an extreme dislike towards GM technology. This essay explores the reasons why the green movement appose GM. The use of GM was first perceived as having many benefits such as better yield, reduced pesticide use and a reduction in food cost. However, the green movement believe GM is a risk to public health, safety and environment. Firstly, they believe genetically modified foods will cause gene disruption and modification of existing genes causing toxicity; secondly, they will cause an increase in antibiotic resistance due to gene splicing and thirdly, genes will escape into wild populations (Jerome et al., 2010; Thies &...
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...|Consumer’s perception of food quality and its relation to the choice of food | |Master thesis | |Master of Science in Marketing | | | |DEPARTMENT OF MARKETING AND STATISTICS | |HANDELSHØJSKOLEN | |AARHUS UNIVERSITET | | | | | | | | ...
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...Gap between the Vendors and Customers: A Comprehensive Study on the Fast Food Outlets of Basundhara City Food Court and their Customers Abstract In most of the business, there is always a possibility of the existence of knowledge gap between the business owners and their customers. Like any other business, the growing fast food industry in Bangladesh might be facing this problem. If the fast food vendors do not have proper idea about the expectations of the customers, they are less likely to satisfy them by providing what they need. Therefore, this research aims to identify if there any knowledge gap exists between the Basundahra City food court vendors’ perception the about customer deciding and satisfying factors and the actual factors considered by the customers and their actual effects in the industry. Necessary data will be collected using questionnaires and secondary data will be used as well for analyses which will include hypothesis testing and correlation. Introduction & Background The fast food industry started in early 90’s in Bangladesh. Worldwide, the customer base of fast food stores is the usually almost its total population but in Bangladesh, the younger generation and the growing middle class have been the main customers of this new tremd. After starting the first fast food shops at Bailey Road, the industry has spreaded exponentially over the city opening thousands of stores. The fast food industry has around Tk. 8.0 million of sales only...
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...GMO MYTHS AND TRUTHS An evidence-based examination of the claims made for the safety and efficacy of genetically modified crops Michael Antoniou Claire Robinson John Fagan June 2012 GMO Myths and Truths An evidence-based examination of the claims made for the safety and efficacy of genetically modified crops Version 1.3 by Michael Antoniou Claire Robinson John Fagan © Earth Open Source www.earthopensource.org 2nd Floor 145–157, St John Street, London EC1V 4PY, United Kingdom Contact email: claire.robinson@earthopensource.org June 2012 Disclaimer The views and opinions expressed in this paper, or otherwise published by EOS, are those of the authors and do not represent the official policy, position, or views of other organizations, universities, companies, or corporations that the authors may be affiliated with. GMO Myths and Truths 2 About the authors Michael Antoniou, PhD is reader in molecular genetics and head, Gene Expression and Therapy Group, King’s Cols: lege London School of Medicine, London, UK. He has 28 years’ experience in the use of genetic engineering technology investigating gene organisation and control, with over 40 peer reviewed publications of original work, and holds inventor status on a number of gene expression biotechnology patents. Dr Antoniou has a large network of collaborators in industry and academia who are making use of his discoveries in gene control mechanisms for the production of research, diagnostic and therapeutic products...
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...counties with approximately 200,000 employees worldwide. The company is hired as a contractor to provide managed services in the area of food, housekeeping, facilities, engineering, call centers, and medical equipment maintenance. AHS provides services to hospitals and senior care facilities primarilily in the United States. ARAMARK is considered one of the big three, along with Compass N.A. and Sodexo USA, as far as managed services are defined. AHS provides these managed services at a local hospital, EDCH Healthcare (“EDCH”), here in Illinois at which I am a member of the management team. We have been at this account for approximately ten years; I have been at this location for just over five years. At this specific location the services we provide are primarily food related: patient services, catering, a retail café, and a coffee shop. I joined the organization in mid-2007 coming over from another big three management company. My role here at EDCH is to manage retail operations in the café, and coffee shop. The café is a seven day week operation open year round, including holidays. The coffee shop is strictly weekday only. I also provide support to the other areas of the operation, patient services and catering. Prior to being the retail manager, just over four years now, I was the Executive Chef for a year, during which time I manager all food related activities within the operation. During my tenure here at...
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...LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT Report on Summer Training On the topic “A REVIEW OF RETAIL OPRATION WITH REFRENCE TO FMCG” Submitted to Lovely Professional University In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the award of Degree of Master of Business Administration Submitted by: DEEPAK M 11001433 DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY JALANDHAR NEW DELHI GT ROAD PHAGWARA PUNJAB 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my gratitude to all those who gave me the possibility to complete this project titled, A REVIEW OF RETAIL OPERATIONS WITH REFERENCE TO FMCG(IN FOOD SECTION) – A STUDY DONE ON HYPER CITY RETAIL INDIA LTD(AMRITSAR). I wish to take this valuable opportunity to express my sincere thanks to Hyper City Retail India Ltd for providing me a chance of learning. The project not only helped me to understand retail industry in India in depth but widened my vision in general management too by virtue of being associated with an excellent and professional organization. Words perhaps fail to express the gratitude and special thanks I owe to Mr Sonu Dua (Sr. Lecturer) who is my project guide, who helped me while preparing my summer training report and guide, who helped me while preparing my summer training report and giving guidance whenever required. The project would not have been complete without the guidance of Mr. Nitin Chubby (SOM), Deepak (Brand Staff), and Miss Kusum (Associate). Who was there to provide me the constant...
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...Chapter I INTRODUCTION In many countries in Asia, goats are very important in the protein diets of the people, as well as a good, stable source of livelihood especially for the poor in the rural areas. Goat production is mostly carried out by smallholders where the animals are kept in small flocks at an average of 5-10 head/family. While rearing of goat remains at a subsistence level, its contribution to the total farm income is substantial. Goat production fits well in the rural landscape as well as in the resource capacity of smallholder farmers. It requires low initial capital and guarantees a high return on investment in as fast as two years; hence it is an attractive undertaking among rural households (FFTC Annual Report 2009). In recognition of its importance, several advanced technologies have been developed to increase goat production in some countries in the region. Technology improvement widely ranges from reproductive techniques and seasonal breeding, to silage making, agricultural by-product utilization, slotted slat barn facilities and total mix ration. However, most Asian small-scale goat farmers do not have access to these relevant information and advanced technologies for increased outputs, giving them very limited opportunities to improve their production as well as their livelihood. Goats are a most likely alternative source of animal protein, and can efficiently provide meat and milk to complement cattle and buffalo production. Goat raising has become...
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...climate change among the UK public and their policy implications Irene Lorenzonia,b,������, Sophie Nicholson-Coleb, Lorraine Whitmarshb a School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK b Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK Received 25 August 2006; received in revised form 12 January 2007; accepted 17 January 2007 Abstract This paper reports on the barriers that members of the UK public perceive to engaging with climate change. It draws upon three mixed-method studies, with an emphasis on the qualitative data which offer an in-depth insight into how people make sense of climate change. The paper defines engagement as an individual’s state, comprising three elements: cognitive, affective and behavioural. A number of common barriers emerge from the three studies, which operate broadly at ‘individual’ and ‘social’ levels. These major constraints to individual engagement with climate change have implications for achieving significant reductions in greenhouse gases in the UK. We argue that targeted and tailored information provision should be supported by wider structural change to enable citizens and communities to reduce their carbon dependency. Policy implications for effective engagement are discussed. r 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Climate change; Engagement; Barriers; Public perceptions; Mitigation; Behaviour 1. Introduction ...
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...works on the rationale that, “If a consumer understands the functions, attributes and benefits of the ingredient, he or she will pay more attention to this offering and if it is unique compared to others, it can lead to loyal and profitable customer relationships”. The goal of this Dissertation is to conceptualize Ingredient Branding Strategy and measure its effect on Brand Choice. It seeks to examine the impact of an Ingredient Branding Strategy on consumer’s attitude toward the Host Brand depending on the Partner Brand. To better understand this impact, a review of the most relevant theories on Co-Branding, perceived quality and attitude towards the brand is first presented. On the basis of this literature review, a conceptual framework is proposed concerning the overall transformation of the associations tied to the host brand, the perceived quality and the consumer attitude towards the brand. The overall evaluation of the brand is based on three parameters viz. Perceived Quality, Brand Image & Brand Attitude. INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION In today’s dynamic economy, companies try to find new ways to maintain their competitive advantage, which helps them to better manage the commercial key success factors of their market. They paid attention to their tangible resources, such as products, but there is a tectonic shift toward intangible resources, such as brands. Organizations develop brands, which create value for both the consumer and the company, as a way to attract...
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...Q1: Significance and Diversity of Consumer Behavior: * Definition of Consumer Behavior: Consumer Behavior is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society. It blends elements from psychology, sociology, social anthropology, marketing and economics. It attempts to understand the decision-making processes of buyers, both individually and in groups such as how emotions affect buying behavior. It studies characteristics of individual consumers such as demographics and behavioral variables in an attempt to understand people's wants. It also tries to assess influences on the consumer from groups such as family, friends, sports, reference groups, and society in general. Customer behavior study is based on consumer buying behavior, with the customer playing the three distinct roles of user, payer and buyer. Research has shown that consumer behavior is difficult to predict, even for experts in the field. Marketing is an influential asset for customer behavior analysis as it has a keen interest in the re-discovery of the true meaning of marketing through the re-affirmation of the importance of the customer or buyer. A greater importance is also placed on consumer retention, customer relationship management, personalization, customization and one-to-one marketing. Social functions can be...
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...STUDENT’S UNDERTAKING “The project is submitted to Jagan Institute of Management Studies, New Delhi, as a part of fifth semester project for Bachelor of Business Administration Programme.” Mentor Achin Vasudev PREFACE The summer training programs are designed to give the practical knowledge of corporate world. Training is usually meant for such vocations where advanced theoretical knowledge is to be backed up by practical experience on the job and it is because of this reason that summer training programs are designed. So, that the future manager may be ready to take the future responsibilities. It was exactly in this context that I was privileged enough to join Bikano one of the good company in FMCG sector in the world. I gained lot of experience and confidence over the past eight week which will further help me to take the future responsibility in my professional life. During this period I was given to find out the “competitive analysis of packaged food industry in context of traditional sweets, snacks, namkeens opportunities and challenges ahead” and also the “Findings and Result of New Product Development”. In the training program I had tried my level best to arrange the work in systematic and chronological way. This endeavor work shall provide the Bikano marketing department, an idea about the market...
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...Hogvold; Harstad U. College; trude.olsen@hih.no Stensaker, Inger G.; NHH Norw.Schl of Economics and Business Adm.; inger.stensaker@nhh.no As organizations change and adapt to pressures in the external and internal environment, managers and employees are required to learn new competencies and skills. Ideally, new skill requirements should be identified and developed early in the change process in order to ensure that managers and employees are ready to face their new tasks and roles when the changes are implemented. However, despite good intentions at the top management level, employees and middle managers often report uncertainty and a lack of the necessary skills required to implement change. In this paper, we report from a qualitative study of two planned organizational change initiatives in the public sector. The changes involved new work tasks and managerial roles for a group of middle managers. Although the skill requirements appeared to be clear and formal training was initiated, a number of uncertain and ambiguous issues emerged among the change recipients. We examine the types of uncertainty and ambiguity that emerged and how change recipients attempted to handle these challenges. Our findings suggest that although necessary and important, formal training procedures are not adequate for resolving competence-related uncertainties and ambiguities during change. Instead, more informal and horizontal communication appears to successfully resolve ambiguities about new skill...
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...A Case Study of the Employee Turnover Problem in Walgreens Co. Jason Nguyen GM 591 Leadership and Organizational Behavior Professor Horst August 19, 2011 Introduction Walgreens Pharmacy is a drugstore chain that operates in the United States. This Company provides its customer with multichannel access to consumer goods and services, and pharmacy, health and wellness services in communities across America. Walgreens has become a fortune five hundred company and a popular landing spot for new college gradates. Instead of becoming a permanent home for new employees, it has become a stepping-stone for better job opportunities. This study provides literature reviews, problem analysis, and solution recommendations for the employee turnover tendency problem facing Walgreens Pharmacy. Walgreen offers its products and services through drugstores, as well as through mail, by telephone, and via the Internet. It sells prescription and non-prescription drugs, as well as general merchandise, including household products, convenience foods, personal care, beauty care, candy, photofinishing and seasonal items. Its pharmacy services include retail, specialty, infusion, medical facility, long-term care and mail service, along with pharmacy benefit solutions and respiratory services. Walgreens corporate, located in Deerfield Illinois, is in charge of overlooking all of the operation within the organization. My role in the organization is a Business Analysis. I am...
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