...ethical issues in health care which we must firmly know the difference between right and wrong. However, in health care, there are many circumstances which health care professionals do not always make the correct ethical decisions. Theses ethical decisions affect society and the next generation to come. Therefore, the Patient Self-Determination Act is the main issue which affects our society. Generally speaking, the Patient Self Determination Act (PSDA) in most hospitals, nursing homes, home health agencies, and HMO’s routinely provide information on advance directives at the time of admission. They are required to do this by federal law. The PSDA simply requires that most health care institutions do the following: give you at the time of admission a written summary of your health care decisions-making rights, the facility’s policies with respect to recognizing advance directives, and ask you if you have an advance directive, and document that fact in your medication record. On the contrary, many physicians were not in favor of a policy for patient self determination because they felt that this would decrease their authority regarding medicine, interfere with the patient-physician relationship, and be one more legal regulation (General Accounting Office (GAO) Letter Report, 1995). However, the American Medical Association supported the policy. Some hospitals were concerned about the execution of the policy as they believed that it was appropriate to give medical advice but...
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...DeVry | HSM320 A.RETA Application Paper Advance Directives- Kevin Bean | Devry University- Andrea Reta, Prof. | | Kevin Bean | 12/15/2014 | This paper concerns the ethical basis for advance directives, or “Living Wills”; the value of these advance directives to the patients, their families; and the authorities that these advance directives give the above mentioned interested parties. | Contents Application Paper on Advance Directives 3 Abstract of Application Paper 3 Advance Health Care Directives 3 The Natural Death Acts 3 Legal Precedents for Advance Directives 3 Advance Health Care Directives: 4 California’s Advance Directive Law 4 The Natural Death Acts 5 Inception and Legal Basis 5 Current situation of N.D.A.s 5 Value of Advance Directives to Patient, Family, and Caregiver 6 Value to Author or Patient 6 Health Care Facility 6 Are Advance Directives Really Effective? 7 Living Will Example 8 References 13 Application Paper on Advance Directives Abstract of Application Paper This paper will examine the short history of Advance Directives in California, the other states that have added A.D.s, and what the legal basis and historical basis for these acts are. Previous to the Advance Directives, very similar laws are Natural Death Acts. In this report I will review some of the similarities, and differences between the A.D.s and the N.D.A.s. In the 1970s, with the modernization of health care facilities, some patients, especially...
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...| Informed Consent in Emergency Situations | By | | Liz Marotz | 3/1/2016 | | I. Introduction A. Explanation of an Informed Consent B. Type of Informed Consent C. How to use an Informed Consent in Emergency Situations II. Elements of Full informed consent A. Assessment of patient understanding B. The Nature of the decision/Procedure III. Interventions that require Informed Consent A. Cancer Screening test B. Clinical Decision IV. Waive Informed Consent Form A. Reason to waive B. Who gives the approval of waiver V. Conclusion A. Summary Informed consent means that permission is granted in the knowledge of the possible consequences, typically that which is given by a patient to a doctor for treatment with full knowledge of the possible risks and benefits. However, informed consent in an emergency situation can only be presumed rather than obtained when the patient is unconscious or incompetent and no surrogate decision maker is available and the emergency interventions will prevent death or disability. In general, the patient's presence in the hospital ward, ICU or clinic does not represent implied consent to all treatment and procedures. The patient's wishes and values may be quite different from the values of the physician. While the principle of respect for the patient obligates the physician to do their best to include the patient in the health care decisions that affect the patient’s life and body, the principle...
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...“less short breath.” (Section 6 of the Hippocratic Oath, right base ethics: Sally should be treated as an individual person and not as a cancer patient.) People get scared and panic when they cannot breathe. Sally has the right to informed consent in treatment decisions. The attending physician should not sign the DNR without informing Sally. The attending physician should inform Sally that CPR is a potential treatment option, and that it entails certain benefits and risks (informed consent). CPR manually performs to maintain oxygenate blood flow to keep vital organs alive. Sally has the right to make decision about own care and the outcome of the treatment. “Sally wants to live.” I would suggest consult a pulmonologist on Sally case (Section 4 Hippocratic Oath). “A physician should act only in the patient's interest when providing medical care, which might have the effect of weakening the physical and mental condition of the patient” (World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki). Ethical rules bind you to your duty (deontological ethics). The rights and responsibilities of the physician and the oncologist is to improve the quality of life for Sally, “make her less short of breath”, Sally should have the tharacentesis and then have the option of mechanical breathing machine to help her breathe. Some may argue why suffer more, the process of dying may be lengthen but it’s her wish. The spouse wanted Sally to be comfortable which involve also being less short...
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...Health Rights and Responsibilities Professor Julie Dennis Problem In the case of Lydia Bevin and Little Falls Hospital I have been asked by Felicia Larue, the hospital CEO, to give a briefing on the patients situation and alternative actions that could be taken by the hospital to ensure that the rights of the patient are preserved and the risks to the hospital are minimized (University, 2013). Summary and Recommendations Lydia Bevin is receiving support that is sustaining her life and has been receiving this support for over six-months after she was in an automobile accident. Lydia is paralyzed and unable to communicate due to the accident. It has not been confirmed whether Lydia is incapacitated, as she is unable to talk and can only nod her head. The hospital staff is not even sure that Lydia is capable of understanding information that will allow her to make health care decisions for herself. According to the New York Health Care Proxy Law, her husband has the “legal right to make decisions on behalf of his wife, since he is her legal guardian and surrogate decision maker” (New York State, ). Mr Bevin has asked that life sustaining support be withdrawn per his wife’s wishes. Lydia's mother does not support the decision to withdraw active treatment because she believes that Lydia has a chance of recovering. Lydia had prepared an advance directive but at this time the advance directive cannot be located. Lydia has verbally communicated with her husband what her...
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...The Main purpose of this case summary asked by our CEO Felicia Larue is to give a brief on the patient situation and to ensure that her rights of are preserved and the risks to the hospital are minimized. Been paralyzed refers to patients that needs the use of the latest available procedures for psychotherapeutic work, comatose and treatment for different states of consciousness. Patients in comatose states like Lydia have been traditionally considered as victims of neural pathological procedures that overcome cognitive and communicative functionalities. While the latest procedures on spinal cord injuries suggest that patients may display spaces of consciousness on the worst persistent vegetative states. Is very common that disputes arise over the treatment of patients that had been unresponsive through injury or illness for certain time lapse. Families get torn between the final decision because for some to end the “artificial life” is the alternative to stop the “suffering”. Cases such as Terri Schiavo can last years on court on a back and forth demand. Medical examination reveals apparently irreversible brain damage in a persistent vegetative state since 1990. Her husband and her family went to court battle to decide if the feeding tube should be removed. Finally her husband prevailed in court on 2005 and Schiavo died in March 2005.Others with firm beliefs wait for the miracle. Doctors in England and Belgium (Owen et al., 2005) found signs of life in a “damage” brain of...
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...Knowledge Area Module VI Contemporary Issues and the Ethical Delivery of Health Services Student: Harold Taitt, harold.taitt@waldenu.edu Student ID # A00293212 Program: Ph.D. Health Services Specialization: Health Management and Policy Faculty Mentor: Dr. Robert Hoye, robert.hoye@waldenu.edu Faculty Assessor: Dr. Jim Goes, jim.goes@waldenu.edu Walden University May 10, 2013 Abstract Breadth Component In this age of rapidly evolving technological advances, many of the legal and ethical issues that are challenging the delivery of health care and the health care profession are new. As we confront the legal, moral, and ethical aspects of health care, we are seldom faced with decisions that require or are resolved by simple right or wrong answers (Edge & Kreiger, 1998). In the Breadth component of KAM VI, I focus on several ethical theories and how those theories influence the way ethical issues and concerns are addressed and managed in the allocation and delivery of health care services. I critically assess and evaluate those theories, concepts, and derivative principles as they impact important decisions and the implications of those decisions within the context of social change and with special emphasis on health care management and policy. In addition, I discuss the key assumptions on which the selected theories are constructed, compare and contrast the writers’ interpretations across theories, and conclude by providing a critical commentary on the merits of the selected...
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...The Feeding Tube 1. Explain how the Patient Bill of Rights applies to this situation. The patients of the country in the United States are provided a particular right. This right is called the Patient Bill of Rights (Kronenfeld, 2002). The Patient Bill of Rights has a significant impact and is essential for the people who are in the health care organization for the purpose of getting treatment properly and easily. In this scenario, June is suffering from anorexia and the doctors feel she may need to be placed on a feeding tube to save her life. June agreed to the procedure but became combative, disoriented and refused to have the tube place the evening before the procedure was to take place. The patient bill of rights applies, as the patient has a right to know what treatment options are available to one and what the possible outcomes may be. The patient has a right to decide one’s medical care. One also has a right to know of any side effects of treatments. June needs to be told what may happen without the feeding tube and what can be expected with the feeding tube. June also has a right to have her health information kept confidential, with information given only to those she designates as being allowed to have her health information (Showalter, 2008). It is noted that in the absence of a progressive terminal disease, the feeding tube may be used to prolong life and since the patient is not dying of another cause, discontinuing the feeding tube would imply a desire to cause...
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...the doctor can happen within 24 hours of see into patient. Stakeholders in this endeavor are going to range from the patient all the way down to everyone and anyone that will come in contact with the electronic medical and health records. All the stakeholders can breath a sigh of relieve to know that many processes in order to see patients can be streamlined with technology. Time management and time saving areas for the electronica health record are invaluable. One goal for many of the stakeholders is to automate the system of charting. Charting can be automated. Examples of areas of automation: * Peril operative notes * Flow sheets * Consent forms * Discharge summaries * Physicians nurse and other clinical notes * Transcripts medical abstracts * Advance directives or living wills * Utilizations management * Chart deficiency tracking * Staff creditionaling * Medical records/ chart tracking * Release of information Mobil devices for using the chart and accessing it will be the wave of the future. Alignment with strategic goals User Friendly Safe Privacy protected Low costs Customizable EHRs should provide a problem list for each encounter or appointment for patient. The goal of the EHR is to standardize the clear and concise encounter forms. The computerized patient record should be able to easily show...
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...Medically Assisted Suicide Physician-assisted suicide also known as PAS, is a controversial topic everywhere; some believe if a patient is terminally ill then it should be permissible while others believe it is against their beliefs and religion to commit any type of suicide. Physician-assisted suicide is when a patient requests the help of digesting a lethal drug to quicken their death (United States Physician Assisted Suicide Law Summary and Law Digest par. 1). The most common patients to request assisted suicide are patients with cancer and AIDs. Active euthanasia is sometimes also considered physician-assisted suicide because it results in death from someone purposely doing something to the patient causing them to die; such as being injected with poison. Passive euthanasia is the withholding of a medical treatment for a patient, which is legal, but many come to be disagreed upon. Withholding food and water, turning off machines, and failing to resuscitate are prime examples of passive euthanasia (United States Physician Assisted Suicide Law Summary and Law Digest par. 1). There are currently three states that permit physician-assisted suicide, Washington and Oregon. On October 27, 1997, the Death with Dignity Act was passed in Oregon. The Death with Dignity Act states that an Oregonian that is terminally-ill has the right to voluntarily, self-administrate lethal medications with a prescription from their physician. On March 5, 2009, Washington passed the Death with Dignity...
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...A CLINICIAN’S HANDBOOK Talking With Your Older Patient NAT I O NA L INS TITU TE O N AGING NATIONAL I NS TI TUTES OF HEA LTH DEPARTM EN T OF HEA LTH A ND HUMA N S ERV I CES Contents Foreword 1 1. Considering Health Care Perceptions “I’m 30 . . . until I look in the mirror.” 3 2. Understanding Older Patients “Tell me more about how you spend your days.” 6 3. Obtaining the Medical History “What brings you here today?” 13 4. Encouraging Wellness “I’d like you to try this exercise routine.” 19 5. Talking About Sensitive Subjects “Many people your age experience similar problems.” 23 6. Supporting Patients With Chronic Conditions “Let’s discuss living with . . .” 36 7. Breaking Bad News “I wish I had better news.” 40 8. Working With Diverse Older Patients “Cultural differences, not divides.” 44 9. Including Families and Caregivers “What would you like your family to know?” 48 10. Talking With Patients About Cognitive Problems “You mentioned having trouble with your memory.” 51 11. Keeping the Door Open “Effective Communication” 58 Publications At-a-Glance 60 Services At-a-Glance Tear-Off Card Foreword Good communication is an important part of the healing process. Studies find that effective physician-patient communication has specific benefits: patients are more likely to adhere to treatment and have better outcomes, they express greater satisfaction with their treatment, and they are less likely to bring malpractice suits. Research also shows that...
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...SECR 6000 Research Study – Time to update the DoD Personnel Security regulation Submitted by R. Allen Green Prepared for Dr. Beth Vivaldi SECR 6000 Security Management Fall II, 2012 Webster University December 12, 2012 CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORSHIP: I certify that I am the author. I have cited all sources from which I used data, ideas, or words, either quoted directly or paraphrased. I also certify that this paper was prepared by me specifically for this course. TABLE OF CONTENTS Cover Page……...…………………………………………………………………………………1 Table of Contents…………....…………………………………………………………………….2 Definitions and Terms…………………………………………………………………………......4 Chapter 1 – Introduction…………………………………………………………….…………….6 Background………………………………………………………………………………..6 Statement of the Problem………………………………………………………………….8 Purpose of the Study…………………………………………………………………..…10 Research Question(s)………………………………………………………………...…..10 Chapter 2 – Literature Review………………………………………………………………...…11 Legal and Ethical Issues in Security……………………………………………………..11 Security Administration and Management………………………………………………14 Business Asset Protection………………………………………………………………..16 Emergency Planning………………………………………………………………......…17 Information System Security……………………………………………………….……18 Behavior Issues……………………………………………………………………..……20 Chapter 3 – Methodology…………...………………………………………………………..….23 Research Design………………………………………………………………………….23 Data collection…………………………………………………………………...25 Data Analysis……………………………………………………………………...
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...FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY - CHAPMAN GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS | INSIDER TRADING | A CRITICAL APPROACH | | Juan Guillermo Gonzalez | 12/20/2014 | This academic document in intended to make an analytical approach of insider trading in the U.S. It will also discuss the European case and how it compares to the U.S. Finally, it will describe international implications of insider trading and the cooperation among nations. | TABLE OF CONTENT Page Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4 Insider Trading – Opposing Viewpoints ……………..………………………………………………. 5 Insider Trade in the United States .………………………………………………………………………… 7 Insider Trading in the E.U ……………………………………………………………………………………. 9 Comparing the U.S. and the E.U ……………………………………………………………………….. 10 International Cooperation …………………………………………………………………………………… 11 Conclusions ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 12 End Notes …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13 INTRODUCTION The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission defines insider trading as both legal and illegal conduct of corporate insiders in relation with buying or selling securities in their own companies . When corporate officers, directors, or employees trade securities within their firm, they are required to report such activities to the SEC. However, some individuals take advantage of their privileged position; having access to nonpublic, material information about the security,...
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...In This GUIDE Welcome to Houston Methodist St. John Hospital ___________________________ 2 About Us_______________________________________ 3 Travel Directions____________________________ 4 Telephone Directory ______________________ 5 During Your Stay ________________________ 6-8 Visiting Hours__________________________________ 6 Parking_________________________________________ 6 Cell Phones_____________________________________ 6 Calling Your Nurse______________________________ 6 Telephone ______________________________________ 6 Fire Safety______________________________________ 6 Smoking________________________________________ 6 Electrical Appliances___________________________ 6 Mail and Flowers_______________________________ 6 Gift Shop________________________________________ 6 Spiritual Care___________________________________ 7 ATM_____________________________________________ 7 Patient Meals___________________________________ 7 Snacks__________________________________________ 7 Guest Trays_____________________________________ 7 Vending Machines_____________________________ 7 Cafeteria________________________________________ 7 Financial Expectations for Admissions________ 7 Wireless Internet Access_______________________ 7 Valuables_______________________________________ 8 TV_______________________________________________ 8 Television Channel Listings____________________ 8 Your Privacy & Information___________15 Do You Have Pain? ________________________16 ...
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...Fraud and Money Laundering Definition Money laundering is defined as: ‘The funnelling of cash or other funds generated from illegal activities through legitimate financial institutions and businesses to conceal the source of the funds.’ Anti-Money Laundering, 2nd ed., IFAC, 2004 Fraud is a general term for deliberate misrepresentation and may include money laundering. The problems of fraud and especially money laundering are increasing at an unprecedented rate. Governments worldwide are introducing new legislation and penalties for such white collar crimes. However, the huge amounts of money involved in these illegal activities ensure that criminals continue to exploit ways of increasing their activities. They clearly weigh up the potentially vast profits against their chances of being caught and the subsequent penalties. Context It is a fact that legitimate financial institutions and businesses may be involved in fraud and money laundering. It is therefore crucial that CIMA members, whether in practice or in business, are fully aware of this possibility and are alert to the signs of money laundering which can affect their business. Examination candidates should be aware of the risks involved, especially at strategic and TOPCIMA level. They should ensure that they know the signs of possible money laundering and the steps they must take to report it. 3 Topic Gateway Series Fraud and Money Laundering Overview There are a number of ways in which criminals commit...
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