...IV. RESEARCH PLAN a. Questions/Problems This study will aim to determine the potential of Narra (Pterocarpus indicus) and Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia sepium) bark extract as an alternative ink. Specifically, it will seek to answer the question: 1. Is there will be a significant difference between the experimental ink with different formulations and the commercial ink in terms of: 1.1 color; 1.2 clarity; 1.3 odor; and 1.4 water resistance? b. Null Hypotheses The researcher will hypothesize that: 1. There will be no significant difference between the experimental ink with different formulations and the commercial ink in terms of: 1.1 color; 1.2 clarity; 1.3 odor; and 1.4 water resistance. c. Procedure Making the Product The materials that will be needed are 400 grams of Narra and Madre de Cacao barks each, tray, recycled ballpen containers, 500ml and 100ml beaker, stiring rod, double beam balance, laboratory gloves, glycerin/glycerol, ferrous sulfate, gum Arabic, rubbing alcohol. First, four-hundred grams each of Narra and Madre de Cacao barks will be gathered to Poblacion Bansud, Oriental Mindoro. After gathering the barks, it will be washed using tap water in order to remove the unnecessary dirt on it that may affect the product. The washed barks will be placed on the tray and will be sundried for three days. When the barks are totally dried, it will be cutted into smaller...
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...Investigatory Project : the Feasibility of Used Cooking Oil and Charcoal as an Alternative Ink for T-Shirt Prints T-shirt, Undergarment, Suit (clothing) * By thanzskie * Sep 28, 2012 * 3600 Words * 1567 Views The Feasibility of Used Cooking Oil and Charcoal as an Alternative Ink for T-shirt Prints Chapter 1 Background of the Study When most people think of modern technological innovations, the first thing that comes to their minds are the advancements of technology in computers, communication devices and many more. However, there is a modern technological advancement in the field of fashion too, and one of it is the advancement in textile printing that has led to the rise in fashion clothing. Today, clothing has taken great technological progress in its production and it influences the fashion world alot. Fashion has always been an artistic expression and the style of many. Trends are always changing and evolving, extremely demanding the fashion technology faster than ever before. Printed t-shirts are a great example of how the industry had used these technical innovations to give it a new face everyday. Textile printing has opened new avenues using these developments in t-shirt printing (http://web2logs.com/art/design/types-of-inks-used-in-printed-t-shirts/). The most noticeable change have been in the use of inks for t-shirt is the plastisol, it is used as an ink for screen printing designs onto garments, and are particularly useful for printing opaque...
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...bone, or other organic matter is heated in the absence of air. [2] a piece or pencil of fine charcoal used in drawing. While the teabag is a small porous bag containing tea leaves or powdered tea, onto which boiling water is poured in order to make a drink of tea. “Carbon (in the form of coal, which is mainly carbon) is used as a fuel. Graphite is used for pencil tips, high temperature crucibles, dry cells, electrodes and as a lubricant. Diamonds are used in jewelry and – because they are so hard – in industry for cutting, drilling, grinding, and polishing. Carbon black is used as the black pigment in printing ink. Carbon can form alloys with iron, of which the most common is carbon steel.” So it means, the carbon in the form of coal is used as the black pigment in printing ink. While for the teabag: The ancient Egyptians and Chinese both developed ink at approximately the same time around 2500BC. They used fine particles of carbon called lampblack for the colorant, and gums or glues were the vehicles. Epichlorohydrin is also used...
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...This investigatory project was conducted to prove if nipa palm fruit husk, distilled water, Ferrous Sulfate and gum Arabic can produce an ink that can be substituted to commercial ink. In conducting the experiment, the researchers gathered nipa fruits, these were cut into small portions and weighed into 200 grams. The reduced fruits were soaked in a mixture of 100ml distilled water and 1 gram Ferrous Sulfate (FeSO4) as solvent, vinegar, and salt. Theset-up was boiled for one hour. After boiling the mixture was filtered to separate the black filtrate from undissolved particles. On a laser bond paper the ink produced was tested after being refilled to a pen and was compared to other synthetic commercial ink available in the market. The conductivity and transmittance time , drying time and luminance and adhesion were tested and compared. Results of the test showed that the experimental ink with a proportion of 200 grams nipa palm fruit husk, 100 ml distilled water, 1 gram ferrous sulfate and ½ tablespoon of salt and ½ tablespoon of vinegar produced an output with the highest conductivity and transmittance time, drying time and luminance and adhesion. With the cost of production much lower than that of a commercial ink and having no significant difference in the mean property to the commercial ink the Nipa Palm Fruit Husk Ink proved to be more economical to produce. Acknowledgement ...
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...CHARCOAL AS AN ALTERNATIVE INK A Science Investigatory Project Presented to the Faculty of the Special Science Class Leonora S. Salapantan National High School San Miguel, Iloilo CRIS BERNADETTE S. CALDEDERO Special Science Class fourth year Section A March 2015 09071949701 Chapter I Introduction Background of the Study One of the most important historical applications of wood charcoal was as a constituent of gunpowder. It was also used in metallurgical operations as a reducing agent, but its application has been diminished by the introduction of coke, anthracite smalls, etc. A limited quantity is made up into the form of drawing crayons; but the greatest amount is used as a fuel, which burns hotter and cleaner than wood. Charcoal is often used by blacksmiths, for cooking, and for other industrial applications. One additional use of charcoal rediscovered recently is in horticulture. Although American gardeners have been using charcoal for a short while, research on Terra preta soils in the Amazon has found the widespread use of biochar by pre-Columbian natives to turn otherwise unproductive soil into very rich soil. The technique may find modern application, both to improve soils and as a means of carbon sequestration. The world today is suffering for an economic crisis; many people seem to realize the importance of each item that needs to be bought. Ink is an ordinary item but prevalent in everyday use. Some things that provide ink for its functions...
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...USED ENGINE OIL AS SIGN PEN INK COMPONENT 1 Potential of Used Engine Oil as an Additive Component for Sign Pen Ink An Investigatory Project Presented to the Faculty of Science and English Area In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Science and Technology 10 and English 10 Benitez, Danielle C. Cartagena, Roland L. Florentino, Mikhael C. Medina, Alexandra Marie P. Peñaflorida, Andrea Raecristine F. G10 – Our Lady of the Assumption December 10, 2014 USED ENGINE OIL AS SIGN PEN INK COMPONENT 2 Abstract This research’s sole purpose is to find an ideal alternative for sign pen ink. Specifically, it aimed to experiment upon the concept of whether or not used engine oil (UEO) can be used as a suitable component for sign pen ink. In doing so, the researchers have conducted a test that makes use of varying amounts of two main ingredients, namely,UEO and pounded charcoal. Throughout the course of the experiment, three types of ink were produced with the compositions of: 70% UEO and 30% powdered charcoal (Ink A), 80% UEO and 20% powdered charcoal (Ink B), and lastly 100% UEO and no charcoal (Ink C). Ink A was recorded to have the highest tone quality and highest viscosity, which was proven through the chromatography test. Ink B was found to be second highest in terms of both tone quality and viscosity, while Ink C exhibited the lowest tone quality and lowest viscosity level. Tone quality was recorded by testing the pens for writing, and viscosity level...
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...be traced back to the 10th Century BC in China before it was spread to Korea an Japan. Basically, tea is made by brewing tea leaves to create an extract. Due to the chlorophylls and other pigments the leaves contain, the extract commonly appears with a brown color. Ink is a liquid or paste that contains pigments or dyes and is used to color a surface to produce an image, text, or design. Ink is used for drawing or writing with a pen, brush, or quill. Thicker inks, in paste form, are used extensively in letterpress and lithographic printing. Ink can be a complex medium, composed of solvents, pigments, dyes, resins, lubricants, solubilizers, surfactants, particulate matter,fluorescents, and other materials. The components of inks serve many purposes; the ink’s carrier, colorants, and other additives affect the flow and thickness of the ink and its appearance when dry. Other residences in province can make their own ink because school supply stores are too far from their houses. This study aims to search for a natural and renewable source of ink, to look for a cheaper way of producing ink with the use of tea bags, to create an alternative resource and methodology of producing ink, to generate a nontoxic form of ink...
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...cases days of preparation that go into the process. The process involves preparing the paper, aligning the letters and setting up the equipment even before the printing begins. During Fines interview she talks about the art of the overall process by saying its “Craftsmanship adds value and meaning …” (46). Describing to her audience that Fine believes in taking pride in your work. Fine learns about the skills necessary to operate these antique print presses. (44-47). One way the author, Linda Fine, gives the reader a good mental picture of what she is experiencing is by describing the equipment used and how it works. Tilley explains that alignment of letters can be a conflict. Also, Tilley says “… humid weather can cause the ink to spread out, leaving text appearing smudgy and smeared” (45). Fine expresses her understanding for the great skill by comparing it to her sister’s experience. She related to it by saying “The scarf knitted for her friend had more meaning in it than a typical scarf purchased” (47). I believe this is a significant quote to the story, because it tells the reader that Fine is gaining an appreciation for the skilled craft of print pressing. In the first paragraph of Linda Fine’s article, “Bringing Ingenuity Back”. Fine should have used an opening sentence or thesis statement declaring where the essay was going, because it lacks direction and purpose. It gave me the impression the article was going to keep talking about the college...
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...2-18 POS- Point of Sale-a device used to gather and record pertinent data electronically at that time CPU-Central Processing Unit-data that has been captured and transcribed into machine readable formats is processed to be valuable to decision-makers. OCR-Optical Character recognition-uses optical readers to interpret data found on source documents. MICR-Magnetic Ink Character Recognition-The technology used primarily by banks to encode magnetically readable symbols on checks and similar financial documents. ATM- Automated Teller Machine- smart terminals connected to the bank’s central computer. Customers use magnetically encoded card and password and a customer can do various banking transactions. RAM-Random Access Memory-primary purpose is to store data and program instructions temporarily for immediate processing and execution. ALU- Arithmetic-logic unit-in microprocessors these chips perform arithmetic tasks and logic tasks. MIPS-Million instructions per second- OS-Operating System-a set of software programs that helps a computer run itself well as the application programs designed to run under it. MHz-used to measure transmission speed of electronic devices. Pixel-picture elements-the tiny dots that monitor uses to create a complete screen image. RGB-Red,Green,Blue- CD-ROM-Compact disk-read only memory-disks that can store approximately 640 megabytes of data. WORM-Write once, read many-blank cds that can be recorded once only with inexpensive cd encoding devices...
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...dots on the line for each color dipped a cotton swab in each color and added to the coffee filter three times each mixed 1/8 teaspoons of salt and 3 cups of water in to a pitcher and shaked it until it was dissolved poured the salt water in to a glass cup so that the liquid level was ¼ inch put the coffee filter in to the salt water the dyes started to separate repeat steps 2-9 but with alcohol and not salt water Data and Observations List your original predictions about the expected pigment components of each candy color. I thought that no color would move. Create an organized and labeled data table that lists the color and distance traveled of each pigment separated from each original candy color or ink type. Remember to have two separate sections or tables for the two...
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...Japan was found in a history of the Chinese Dynasty from the year 297 A.D. Today in Japan, tattooing is considered taboo because many of the Yakuza, the Japanese mafia, wear tattoos. Some people believe that the practice of tattooing may even date as many as 10,000 years into the past! What's This? Have you ever wondered how people tattoo their bodies when they don’t have access to a tattoo gun or a professional tattoo artist? You may be surprised to learn that many people have tattooed their skin using Indian ink, a sewing needle and a few lengths of the thread. India ink (or Indian ink in British English,) or less commonly called Chinese ink since it may have been first developed in either India or China, is a simple black ink once widely used for writing and printing, and now more commonly used for drawing, especially when inking comics and comic. India ink is made by taking something and burning it to produce soot. The soot is "harvested" and made into ink. It will work, but it is really...
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...I. The “PISOPRINT” Photo Printing & Services II. Why PISO PRINT? 1st – PISO PRINT is a strong marketing strategy to attract curious customers into your place. 2nd – Printing photos and documents at the lowest price of one peso. III. Objectives of the Business • To be the first in mind of the customer when it comes in providing cheap (but high quality) photo printing and Digital ID services, etc. • To be the trend setter in the digital photo printing industry. • To build a very competitive photo printing shop. IV. Product / Services Basic Services: o Digital photo printing from digital cameras or cell phones via Bluetooth, Infrared and all types of memory cards. o Digital Photo ID o Document Printing o Desktop Publishing Other Possible Services: o Electronic Loading o Typing Jobs o Photo Invitations o Plastic lamination o Calling Cards o Studio portraits o MP3 downloads o MP4, PSP, CP Games Downloads o Souvenir Items V. Location ? Near School Area and also in residential place. ? Near Market but secured place. ? Very populated place. VI. Target Market ? People needing photo requirements like ID. ? Students who do their research and projects in school. VII. Competitiveness on the Market ? Affordable photo printing ? Cheapest digital ID ? Fastest services ? Customer Friendly Staff ? Well Ventilated Place. Marketing Strategies o Promo for Discounts/Membership. o Flyers and Posters. VIII...
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...This document is an authorized copy for the course MBA-16-D Analysis of Business Problems taught by prof. Carlos García Pont at IESE B.S. ASN-32-E September 2003 Intermarket Technology, Inc. In 2001, InterMarket Technology, Inc., a fully integrated point-of-purchase display manufacturer for the beverage industry, was trying to overcome an operations bottleneck in its plastics division. For the past decade, the division had been converting plastic sheeting into sturdy, threedimensional outdoor beverage-merchandising units. These units not only protected and secured beverage products in the out-of-doors, but functioned as powerful advertising and sales vehicles for some of the world’s largest, most international beverage brands. The outdoor units were typically used at gasoline stations which sold soft drinks, in addition to fuel and other products. Each unit could hold up to 24-can cases. The product line consisted of 10 base units, offering clients various merchandising “pack-out” and size options. To customize the products for advertising purposes, client logo artwork was printed on plastic sheets prior to structural manufacturing. To print the sheets, the plastics division contracted with InterMarket’s wholly owned printing division. The plastics division did its own fabrication in a modern 15,600 square foot facility located near a residential area. The printing division operated as a shared services group and provided print services for all three manufacturing...
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...materials, such as ballpens. Ballpens are the most crucial and prenominal things we should have. They are used to write, draw, print, and sketch on papers. One thing we notice about the students, in which we also find ourselves guilty, is the fact of throwing the ballpens to the trash bins once they ran out of ink. This observation is what led us to design our Investigatory Project this way. What if we make our own ink the fill the cartridges when they become empty? Wouldn’t it be helpful? We bet it will be. Our desired ink will be made up of materials that are convenient and easy to find, those that are not scarce in the society, just like dried leaves which can be found in the streets. Also, we will make use of candles and used plates instead of lamp black. We target to promote an environmental-friendly product which can minimize our trashes and help solve ecological problems. Hopefully, by the end of this Investigatory Project, we will be able to come up with a versatile ink that can influence students to save and use our natural resources wisely. B. Statement of the Problem This study aims to identify how dried leaves can be produced as a calligraphy ink. Aside from this, we tend to find the answers to the following questions: 1. Is it possible to come up...
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...did in the lab, written in your own words. Data and Observations * List your original predictions about the expected pigment components of each candy color. * Create an organized and labeled data table that lists the color and distance traveled of each pigment separated from each original candy color or ink type. Remember to have two separate sections or tables for the two solutions (salt water and alcohol) used. * Also include any other observations that you made during the course of the investigation. Discussion and Conclusion: The first part of this section discusses the observations and results of the lab as well as any mistakes that may have been made (or what measures were taken to try to avoid mistakes) and what improvements, if any, you can think of for the procedure for the next time the lab will be conducted. The discussion section of this lab should also include discussions on the following: * A comparison of how each solution (salt water and alcohol) separated the pigments from each color of candy or ink type. Which solution worked better at separating each of the pigments (it may be different for different candy colors or inks), and why do you think that is? * If you had allowed less time for the...
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