AP Essay #1 Henry Z 04/21/10 Smith Pd. 2 Behavioral, psychoanalytic/psychodynamic, biological, and cognitive perspective each has its own cause of anxiety and treatment for reducing these anxieties. Behavioral anxiety can be caused from trauma. Trauma is when an extremely distressing experience that causes emotional shock and may have long-lasting psychological effects. For example, someone getting raped. Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic anxiety can be caused by the three interacting systems that Freud theorized: id, ego, and superego. The id is a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives. For example, a infant crying out for satisfaction. The ego is the largely conscious, "executive" part of personality that among the demands of the if, superego and reality. For example, being constrained by the law because one knows it is bad to break it. The superego is the part of the personality that represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment and for future aspirations. For example, someone with a strong superego may be virtuous. Biological anxieties can be caused by a lack of serotonin which leads to depression. Depression is a state of unhappiness and hopelessness. Cognitive anxiety is caused from depression. Specific treatment techniques used for reducing anxiety used by professionals for each of the four perspectives: reward/punishment, free association, drugs/medication and cognitive therapy. Reward/punishment is when one is either rewarded for doing a good deed and punished when not doing a good deed. Free association is a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind. Drugs/medication helps one that lacks a certain chemical. Cognitive therapy is therapy that teacher people new, more adaptive ways of thinking