...2004 Contents Introduction - please read Debatable and non-debatable statements Providing support for debatable statements (or premises) Using connectives and paragraphs in a larger argumentative text The main thesis, supporting arguments and conclusion. Adding information to relevant arguments Connectives for listing arguments. Concluding connectives In fact / Indeed More practice on using In fact and Indeed Paragraphs Showing you are aware of both sides of the issue - a model Showing you are aware of both sides of the issue - examining the model The main premise Paragraph topics Opposing arguments and supporting arguments Problematising the opposing arguments Shifting from opposing arguments to supporting arguments. More work on showing you are aware of both sides of the issue Language Summary: ways of showing that you are aware of the opposing opinion Working out the main premise from a paragraph Using connectives and problematising phrases in a paragraph Putting together a paragraph for an argumentative text Choosing your own premise and writing a paragraph Converting an informal text into a formal text Sorting arguments into topics and paragraphs A longer model argumentative essay Getting an overview of the model essay Identifying the main premise, paragraph structure and paragraph topics The internal organisation of the paragraphs - revision Including a paragraph that only presents supporting arguments Writing introductions to argumentative essays Writing conclusions to...
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...Purpose of Arguments Joseph Barrow ENG/215 CA October 3, 2013 Dr. Edward Rodine Abstract Purpose of Arguments Purpose of Arguments is an attempt to persuade someone of something, by giving reasons for accepting a particular conclusion as evident. Also to try and manipulate true statement against false statement. Key focus on Arguments is evidence stating the true statement or false statement on the situation. Stating the situation on the first essay its argument deals with the lifestyle on which we live in. “The argument on which cars will be an uproar to our communities, disrupting sleep, terrifying animals, destroying public and private property, and placing members of our emergency services in life threatening situations”. Fairfax, M. (2005, Nov 11). Everybody has their opinions on different situations that evolve around the world, some may be true statements, some may be false statements regardless which is the right statement. We will make an argument to prove who is right are who is wrong. The second essay talks about woman with cancer who died in 1989. The woman named was Bronwen Wallace who went to Queen’s University and Marxist politics. The essay talks about how Wallace who died at the age of 44 wrote a book about knowing your damage about anything wrong with your body.” The power of feminism is the power of the victim who has recognized a way to use her damage.” “When you get in touch with your damage, recognized it and care for it, you also discover...
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...is the idea that a liberal owns a gun. Naturally, people with democratic views believe that guns should not be in the hands of the public. The argument has an interesting twist due to this unlikely scenario. The writer begins his essay stating he is “devoutly Democratic” and lives in Texas. He owns many different types of pistols and is looking to buy a shotgun. He states he loves to fire guns and exercise his rights as an American. Among the many reasons to own firearms, the author says the biggest reason is to protect his family. He was introduced to firearms while writing a novel where guns were used...
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...Let’s Look At All Sides Deborah Tannens, “The Argument Culture,” is an essay in which she voices her concern that our culture “urges us to approach the world, and the people in it, in an adversarial frame of mind” (404). This conveys that there is always a point to be argued and that most people voice their opinion in opposition. This not only causes problems in social circles, but on a worldwide scale as well. She explains that everything is set up as debate where it seems there has to be a winner and a loser. However, this is not always the case because opinions are neither right, nor wrong. That is why they are a personal opinion that a person feels. Tannen is concerned that the argument culture frame of mind leads us to believe that “every issue has two sides-no more, no less” (405). From my personal life experiences, I have observed this to be somewhat true. I don’t believe society portrays every issue to have a “right side” and a “wrong side.” Take the controversial subject of abortion for example. Some individuals believe that abortion is wrong no matter what the situation is, while others think it is a woman’s choice. Then there are the ones who are usually against it but think it is acceptable in certain situations. Or what about the up and coming topic of requiring drug testing for welfare recipients? Some people are all for it, some people think it is a waste of tax dollars, and others think it should be done if the person has had known drug problems in the past...
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...editorial written in the Sydney Morning Herald contends that “R U OK day” should not be recognised on just one day, but should occur every day. The author employs evidence and statistics to evoke sympathetic responses from the readers. The author sustains a poignant tone throughout the article. The contention of Helen Razer’s article can be found in the bold heading and the statement following it, as opposed to being within the article. This structural technique clearly cites her contention and allows readers to readily understand her argument. In the first several paragraphs, to endorse her contention, she utilises evidence and expert opinions...
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...* This assignment will showcase your ability to recognize and examine argument structure. Please be sure to follow all of the assignment guidelines, which your instructor will give to you in class or listed below. * In this week's assignment, we are going to take a look at a couple of arguments related to an immensely controversial idea in our society, the idea of same-sex marriage. At the end of Chapter Six you will find two different opinions, Justice Margaret Marshall’s majority opinion on Goodridge v. Department of Public Health and Matthew Spalding’s “A Defining Moment for Marriage and Self-Government. While many of you may have strong opinions on one side or the other of this debate, this week we're asking you to set your own opinions aside, and see if we can begin to identify the different parts of the argument. Directions: Specifically, read through these two articles and choose ONE of them. Then, for your chosen article, identify the various parts of the argument as they are described in chapter six of your text. Explain how the various parts work together to prove an overall claim. Again, you are NOT asked in this assignment to give your opinion on same-sex marriage or your stance on the issue, but to describe the argument being made and explain how those different parts work together. PLEASE NOTE: This assignment is not asking for a summary of the articles nor your perspective on this issue. Instead, in this assignment and many others, you will be...
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...Classic Model for an Argument No one structure fits all written arguments. However, most college courses require arguments that consist of the following elements. Below is a basic outline for an argumentative or persuasive essay. This is only one possible outline or organization. Always refer to your handbook for specifics. I. Introductory Paragraph o Your introductory paragraph sets the stage or the context for the position you are arguing for. o This introduction should end with a thesis statement that provides your claim (what you are arguing for) and the reasons for your position on an issue. A. Your thesis: o states what your position on an issue is o usually appears at the end of the introduction in a short essay o should be clearly stated and often contains emphatic language (should, ought, must) B. Sample Argumentative Thesis o The production, sale, and possession of assault weapons for private citizens should be banned in the U.S. II. Body of your Argument A. Background Information o This section of your paper gives the reader the basic information he or she needs to understand your position. This could be part of the introduction, but may work as its own section. B. Reasons or Evidence to Support your Claim o All evidence you present in this section should support your position. This is the heart of your essay. Generally, you begin with a general statement that you back up with specific details or examples. Depending on how long your argument is, you will need to devote...
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...Stage For an argument essay to be effective, it must contain certain elements. For this reason, you must take a few minutes to plan before you jump into writing an argument essay. Find a Good Topic To find good topic for an argument essay you should consider several issues that will have two conflicting points of view or very different conclusions. As you look over a list of topics you should find one that really sparks your interest. While a strong interest in a topic is important, it's not enough. You next have to consider what position you can back up with reasoning. It's one thing to have a strong belief, but when shaping an argument you'll have to explain why your belief is reasonable and logical. As you explore the topics, make a mental list of points you could use as evidence for or against an issue. Consider Both Sides of Your Topic and Take a Position Once you have selected a topic you feel strongly about, you should make a list of points for both sides of the argument. One of your first objectives in your essay will be to present both sides of your issue with an assessment of each. Of course, you will conclude that one side (your side) is the best conclusion. In the planning stage you will need to consider strong arguments for the "other" side. Then you'll shoot them down! Gather Evidence When we think of arguments we might picture two red-faced people speaking quite loudly and making dramatic gestures. But that's because face-to-face arguments often become...
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...Contemporary social issues: · Terrorism · Refugees · Crime and punishment Historical context John Locke? Karl Marx? LOGIC What is wrong with this statement? In the war on terror, you are either with us or against us Which of the following is sound? All men have hair I have hair Therefore I am a man All men have hair I am a man Therefore I have hair Logic definitions Logic = science that evaluates arguments Argument = group of statements, with premises claimed to support conclusions [also inference] Statement = sentence that is either true or false [also proposition] Premise = statement setting forth reasons or evidence Conclusion = statement that the evidence is claimed to support or imply Arguments and non-arguments Arguments must have a factual claim and an inferential claim. The following are not arguments: · warnings or advice · belief or opinion · loosely associated statements · factual reports · explanations · illustrations · conditional statements Deduction and induction Deductive argument: the conclusion is claimed to follow necessarily from the premises. Inductive argument: the conclusion is probably true. Unfortunately, in most arguments the distinction is not explicit. We then need to evaluate the argument according to: 1. special indicator words 2. actual strength of inferential link 3. form of argumentation Some forms of deduction...
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...Week 1 Knowledge CheckResults Concepts Arguments Mastery 100% Questions Score: 10/10 1 7 8 Issues 100% 2 5 9 Claims 100% 3 4 10 Topics 100% 6 Concept: Arguments Concepts Arguments Mastery 100% Questions 1 7 8 1.What would you call a set of claims intended to support or prove a conclusion? A. B. C. D. Argument Issue Opinion Reason Correct! An argument consists of two parts—one part (the premise or premises) is intended to provide a reason for accepting the other part (the conclusion). 7.An argument is made up of parts. Which of the following is most complete and accurate? A. B. C. D. An argument has a premise. An argument has a conclusion. An argument always has two premises and a conclusion. An argument has at least one premise and one conclusion. Correct! By definition, an argument is a two-part structure of claims. One part (the premise, or premises) is given as a reason (or reasons) for thinking that the other part (the conclusion) is true 8.Read each of the following statements. In which statement does the speaker offer an argument in support of the issue? A. "This year’s Super Bowl begins around 6:00 p.m. today, but the Fox pregame programming will start at 1:00. Why? Because we can sell it, said Ed Goren, co-executive producer of Fox Sports. The Super Bowl is about more. It is about excess." (Reported in The New York Times, January 26, 1997.) "They should never have referred to the savings...
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...Critiquing a Critic School shootings are indeed a tragedy that rock our nation each time it happens. What makes it more so is the never-ending news cycle that seeks to politicize events while they are happening. The Parkland shooting was no exception. However, this time the underage student survivors took up political arms with pundits mixed into the fray. In an op-ed article, Molly Roberts wrote an opinion article entitled “Can we criticize the Parkland kids?” (Roberts). This was written as a response to an editorial published by Charles C.W. Cooke entitled “David Hogg is Fair Game for Critics” in the National Review (Cooke). Molly Roberts is the editor, writer and producer for the opinion section of the left leaning Washington Post. Roberts...
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...published in the same year as the film was released. Through analyzing the three reviews on Waiting for Superman, one major trend between them is that they agree there is some problem with our nation’s public schools system, and the reforms such as No Child Left Behind and receiving tenure contribute to this problem. Agreeing with the ideas presented in Waiting for Superman and these reviews, I feel that the problems existing in our schools could be solved with more funding to provide teachers with higher pay. The first review, published by Roger Ebert, focuses on the main argument of how our nation’s funding could change to better our public education programs. For example, “Spend less money on prisons and more money on education. Reduce our military burden and put that money into education. In 20 years, you would have more useful citizens, less crime and no less national security. It's so simple”(Roger Ebert). This was Roger Ebert’s proposal on how to improve the problems of our public schools. His review offers strong evidence by using direct quotes from Geoffrey Canada and his strategies thus far. Geoffrey Canada has worked to open Charter schools that require highly qualified teachers. The teachers working in these Charter schools are receiving better pay than those in the public schools, which therefore keeps them motivated to...
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...English 1103 November 3, 2011 Analyzing Arguments: Is Vegan/Vegetarianism Diets Healthy? Eating is a necessary task humans undertake every day to survive and thrive. Food has become a huge part of society’s everyday culture and an essential aspect in our economy. As humans, we are capable of choosing the types of food we put in our bodies and these choices define in part what we look like and what we stand for. People choose whether they would like to be carnivores, vegetarians, vegans, or a combination. Author Ben Kim, a chiropractor and acupuncturist in Barrie, Ontario, Canada, states his thoughts on these choices in his article “A Strict Vegetarian Diet Is Unhealthy for Most People.” His article was written in 2010 to discourage people from adopting 100% vegan diets because in his opinion these diets are dangerous to the long term health of humans. Kim addresses his article to people who have adopted or are thinking of adopting 100% vegan lifestyles. He is trying to convince these groups that it is unhealthy long-term to limit yourself to a 100% plant-based diet. The main ideas Kim states in order to dissuade his audience from adopting vegan diets are that 100% vegan diets lead long term to the development of nutritional deficiencies and significant health problems, that the morality of vegan lifestyles are questionable, and that the organizations that promote vegan lifestyles have ulterior motives. While Kim makes a weak argument against 100% vegan diets, his assertion...
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...The author calls these business’ out, seeking change to correct the issue at hand. However, the author makes a few fallacies in an effort to persuade the readers. In particular, Musaddique claims that, “While some private sector firms finally wake up, London’s BAME [Black Asian and Minority Ethnic] public sector workers face the indignity of knowing they were paid up to 37.5 per cent less than their white colleagues last year.” (Musaddique, “We Need to Address…”) This section of the article demonstrates one of the many fallacies the author presents. Musaddique creates generalizations seeing as to how s/he focuses on the situation in only London, while making assumptions that the rest of the world is being paid unequally due to their race. The author also fails to make accurate claims. Throughout the article the author forms statements based on false...
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...had rarely shown any interest in the setting of accounting standards began to intervene actively and powerfully in the process. Second, these parties began to invoke arguments other than those which have traditionally been employed in accounting discussions. The term "economic consequences" has been used to describe these novel kinds of arguments. By "economic consequences" is meant the impact of accounting reports on the decisionmaking behavior of business, government, unions, investors and creditors. It is argued that the resulting behavior of these individuals and groups could be detrimental to the interests of other affected parties. And, the argument goes, accounting standard setters must take into consideration these allegedly detrimental consequences when deciding on accounting questions.* The recent debates involving foreign currency translation and the accounting for unsuccessful exploration activity in the petroleum industry have relied heavily on economic consequences arguCopyright © 1978 by Stephen A. Zeff. *Ed. note: For the opinion of an accounting standard setter, see Oscar S. Gellein's article in Statements in Quotes, p. 75. ments, and the Financial Accounting Standards Board and the Securities and Exchange Commission have become extremely sensitive to the issue.' The economic consequences argument represents a veritable revolution in accounting thought. Until recently, accounting policy making was either assumed to be neutral in its effects or, if not...
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