... PROPOSED TOPIC: THE INFLUENCE OF PARENTING STYLES ON ASSERTIVENESS NAME: ABDALLAH MUNIRA INDEX NUMBER: 10272035 SUPERVISOR: DR ADOTEY ANUM CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY As we grow up, we learn to adapt our behavior to accommodate the norms of our societies. We model ourselves upon those around us, example parents, teachers, peers and other influences such as television and magazines. In the early years of a child’s life, parents are the most influential people until his teen years where peers replace parents. Children therefore model themselves to conform to the norms of their parents. Example in a typical Ghanaian society, it is a norm for children to obey their elders without challenging their opinions and judgments regardless of the situation. Internalizing these norms reflect in aspects of the child’s personality such as his self-concept and assertive skills, a norm like not expressing your opinions, feelings and beliefs openly and honestly is likely to hinder assertiveness in an individual. This study investigated the effects of parenting styles on assertiveness. Assertiveness is the act of expressing genuine feelings, standing up for your legitimate rights and refusing unreasonable requests. It is the simple act of declaring what you are, what...
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...Living in a technologically advanced society definitely has its perks. Today, we are fortunate to have the internet, Amazon.com to delivery books straight to your house, and wireless handheld e-books. Unfortunately, the days of going to the library to take out books, and speaking with a librarian for help on research rarely happens anymore. That’s why studying literature, and researching topics is essential for us students. Literature can be described as a language. It has been expressed for centuries and throughout different countries and cultures. Literature is a work of art, which has been spoken in different structures and also for many diverse reasons. I believe that literature is another way to view our historical past as well. Throughout history, society has been grateful exposed to different styles of literature; non-fiction, fiction, poems, plays, etc. Literature has a variety of styles; American literature, Irish literature, African American literature, and also Women’s literature are only a few examples. I am charmed by Women’s literature, everything from Annie Bradstreet to Judy Blume. My focus is to show how women portray a major role in the making of great literature, and also their existence in the works of art themselves. Distressingly, for years we women didn’t have a voice and our ideas were pushed aside. An American Editor Joan Goulianos wrote, “There exists a rich and complex literature by women that goes back to the Middle Ages, a literature that consists...
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...In many cultures, expectations are put upon men and women. From birth, boys are expected to be masculine and girls are expected to be feminine. These expectations follow us into adulthood. Although these expectations vary widely, in the United States, more masculine characteristics are valued (Michaelson & Aaland, 1976). Leadership and assertiveness, and other masculine characteristics are valued in work environments and other areas, while more feminine traits such as excessive expression of emotion can be less valuable. However, a combination of these characteristics, or androgyny, allows people to have important leadership skills, but also have empathy and consideration for others, and the ability to address different situations appropriately. Michaelson and Aaland defined androgyny as a combination of self-assertivity and relatedness, self-assertivity being the more masculine characteristic and relatedness being the more feminine trait. It is a combination of sensitive behaviors and controlled emotions. They described masculinity as agency, or having more emotional control and independence, and femininity as communion, or being sensitive to other people. Androgynous people showed characteristics of both. Psychological androgyny means that one individual can be masculine and feminine at the same time. In certain situations, a person can be assertive, independent and emotional or concerned of the welfare of others (Bem & Martyna, 1976). They also found that college students...
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...high-tech capitalism. They have excellent internal and external communications and a highly skilled labor forces. Compared to Finland, which has a highly industrialized, largely free-market economy and is one of the best performing economies within the European Union. They were able to avoid the worst global financial crisis in 2009 (The World Factbook, 2015). Both Sweden and Finland are part of Nordic Europe on GLOBE society/culture cluster. Although they shared the same region with dynamic and energetic culture, there are many differences between the two countries that make each individual country unique. The GLOBE scores on society level, culture and leadership style on each dimension shows many similarities yet many differences as well. Assertiveness Sweden scored 3.38 and ranked 61st globally. This demonstrates Swedish society does not emphasize on rewarding performances. Compared to Finland, they scored 3.81 and ranked 47th globally. This demonstrates the Finnish are neither dominant nor aggressive in their social relationships. Many countries characterized Finland as a “cultural lone wolf” (Chhokar, J., Brodbeck, F., House, R., 2007) Future Orientation Sweden scored 4.39 and ranked 9th globally. Sweden’s society encourages and rewards future-oriented behaviors. For instance, Sweden prefers its society to plan and invest in the future, and delay gratification. They are more concern with long-term rather than short-term goals. On the other hand, Finland scored 4.24 and ranked 51st...
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...Understand person-centred approaches for care and support Person-centred values individuality; rights; choice; privacy; independence; dignity; respect; partnership; autocracy Person-centred approaches person-centred planning (PCP), particularly in relation to vulnerable individuals, e.g. individuals with learning disabilities, physical disabilities, mental health issues; person-centred thinking skills; total communication; essential lifestyle planning and person-centred reviews; Carl Rogers’ theoretical background to person-centred therapy; the four key principles of rights, independence, choice and inclusion; reflecting the unique circumstances of individuals; embedding person-centred values; the importance of individuality; appreciation of individual rights; enabling individuals to make decisions and choices; the importance of privacy; empowering individuals to maintain independence and dignity; treating individuals with respect; respecting persons’ diversity, culture and values; awareness of risk-taking in person centred approaches, enabling individuals to make informed decisions and understand the consequences e.g. the harmful effects of smoking, the benefits of taking prescribed medication, the advantages of immunisation Care and support documenting where day-to-day requirements and preferences for care and...
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...Personally, I experience the prejudices of others, at times, due to my sexual orientation and perception of self. Criticisms typically are presented through the occasional name-calling and obscene comments from strangers or people I hardly know. However, my appearance does not reflect stereotypical assumptions about LGBTQ members of society. Many others tend to receive more measurable, concrete discrimination, such as, wages. In a 1995 study by M. V. Lee Badgett, it was proven that gay and bisexual men received eleven to twenty-seven percent less in wages than the average heterosexual man in the same region, with the same job, and having the same amount of education and experience. Unexpected, however, homosexual women reportedly make more...
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...a parent needs to consent. 2. An instructor decides to conduct a study of teacher-student interaction in a fourth grade classroom. From whom should she seek informed consent for research participation? The instructor would have to get informed consent from the parent and child for research participation. 3. A researcher wants to recruit preschoolers from low-income families for a study of cognitive development and will offer $50 to each mother who permits her child to participate. Does this violate research rights or not? Offering compensation can violate research rights if the parent persuades the child to participate. 4. An investigator wants to assess the effectiveness of an intervention designed to promote independence and assertiveness in 10 year olds. Once the study is underway, many parents complain that in their ethnic group, this behavior is not appropriate for children. How should the researcher respond and what could he have done to avoid this problem? The researcher can address the parent’s concerns and continue the research if allowed or the research would...
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...Pursuit of Happiness Stacy A. Figg PSY/220 June 22, 2014 Christopher Crimson Pursuit of Happiness What does happiness mean? It depends on the person, the cultural influences, and the part of the world in which they live. It also depends on the traditions and the individual’s way of thinking. For many, happiness can mean being loyal to their country, the ability to provide and contribute to their household. Others may be starting their lives and graduating from high school and going to college. There are many factors to how each person will influence and is influenced by those around them. In the United States we are taught about the American Dream. It’s the portrait of the perfect family, the perfect job, and the home with the white picket fence. Studies have shown that when American people were asked what the meaning of happiness is, their responses were going to school, finishing college, getting married, and self-success. These responses are evident that in American culture, self- determination and looking out for their wellbeing, and achieving their goals create positive self-esteem and confidence. “The influence of culture is suggested by the different relationship between income and SWB across countries” (Baumgardner & Crothers, 2009, p.11). These factors were the main target of what people in America have in mind of what happiness means to each different person. For others it could be to help those in need, serving their country, or be...
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...Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Is a therapy that can be confrontational to some clients when being used in therapy sessions. When using this therapy, a client’s past experiences are not involved or discussed in the session. The cognitive behavior is to exercise new skills in therapy and daily life, introduce working homework into the learning process for each meeting. The benefit of CBT is that the sessions are brief and cost-effective treatment. “CBT stresses assertiveness, independence, verbal ability, rationality, cognition, and behavior change that CBT’s use in culture situations with different values” (G. Corey, 2017). Before using CBT, the therapist should be mastered at this type of treatment before using this therapy style on...
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.... discus personality profile report Mr Andy Lin 2016 Questionnaire 星星星 星星星 Report Type Enhanced Report Style Informal Textual Content Standard Report: Classic Category IMBA20160410 Gender Male Report Printed 11 四四 四四 11 行行行行行行 Candidate Analysed on behalf of 實實實實實實實 Prepared by DISC 2016 Phrase-based External Internal Summary Shifts PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL Any purely behavioural tool should never be used to make a recruitment or redeployment decision unsupported by other techniques. I S C D I S C D I S C D Discus Licence 0044-14-05-15172341 / 0033-08-11-00012572, licensed to ?Copyright 1995-2016 Axiom Internet Group Ltd. R Discus is a registered trademark of Axiom Internet Group Ltd. (4.0.822) I S C 實實實實實實實 D 1 . Discus personality profile report for Mr Andy Lin DISC Profile Series Internal D External I S C D I Summary S C D I Shifts S C D I S C Internal Profile The Internal Profile reflects the candidate's true motivations and desires. This is the type of behaviour that often appears outside a working environment, or when an individual is placed under pressure. Internal Factors Dominance 37% Influence 44% Steadiness 56% Compliance 90% External Profile The External Profile describes the candidate's perception of the type of behaviour ...
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...that are presented were written in order to help you grow your child. The sections include Intrapersonal Skills, Interpersonal Skills, Adaptability, Stress Management and General Mood. Each section is further divided into sub-skills that address such things as Problem Solving, Happiness, Flexibility and other critical emotional and social competencies. We encourage you to use these activities throughout the deployment process and beyond. Revised as of 28 January 03 Emotional Intelligence Activities Ages 13-18 InTRApersonal Scale Self Regard.............................................. Lay It On The Line Emotional Self-Awareness ......................Today I Feel Name Game I Am Assertiveness ..........................................Am I Assertive? Get A Grip On Anger Independence ..........................................Setting Goals To Do List Self-Actualization ...................................Teen Spotlight Confidence Exam InTERpersonal Scale Empathy................................................... Dear Responsible Friend High Five Social Responsibility ................................Focus Group Overcoming Problems Interpersonal Relationship ......................Fishing For Compliments If I Had A Million Dollars Adaptability Scale Reality Testing .........................................Things Are Not Always as They Seem Understanding Emotions...
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...sociological perspective is more focused on social and political situations as the reason for neglect. Specific risk factors for abuse include family conflict/violence, drug/alcohol abuse by child/parent, changes in family structure, poverty, changes in finances, physical accommodation, unwanted pregnancy, disabilities, attitude of the community towards family/child, isolation, age of parents, and poor parenting history. The effects of abuse on a child are unique to the individual. Factors that influence the effects include association between abuser/child, duration, frequency, brutality of abuse, age, and developmental stage. There are also protective factors that come into play. These include there community support, independence, high sociability, assertiveness, reflective learning style, and positive self-image. There are four types of abuse physical, emotional, sexual, and neglect. Physical abuse is the physical harm of the child and may be suspected with bruising and unconvincing account of injury. Emotional abuse is when there is constant negative emotional/verbal behavior towards the child. This is harder to identify then physical abuse but is usually implicated with every other form of abuse. Sexual abuse is when a child is forced to take part in sexual activities. The child may be groomed by the abuser or receive gifts or rewards in exchange for the sexual abuse. It is important to offer security and be supportive of a child who has suffered from sexual abuse. Neglect...
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...traditional family linage is “characterized by a strong patrilineal structure and a certain order in family life” (Dinh & Nguyen, 2006, p.409). The individual is seen as the product of all the generations and every family member represents the “face” of the family (Fancher et al., 2010) Children are expected to display obedience, bring honor to the family by excelling in school and work, and contribute to the well-being of the family (Leung, Cheung, & Cheung, 2010). Within the family, independence and autonomy are not encouraged (Fernandez, 1988), and the welfare of the family is considered more important than that of the individual (Brower, 1983. Moreover, consistent with the notion of face and status, the success of the children is a reflection of the parents and higher education is believed to symbolize the ladder to success (Ngo & Lee, 2007). To the Vietnamese immigrants, these Eastern cultural characteristics are perceived to be a contrast to the Western culture where individualism self-assertiveness, and egalitarian relationships are emphasized Based on the Western value, the “self” represents the individualist, independent quality that one must bring to make significant contributions without much contextual influences, while the Eastern self is a collectivist or “interdependent with the surrounding context” that represents the focal point for connecting the individual experience to the culture (Signelis, Bond, Sharkey, & Lai, 1999, p.317). The nuclear family in the West stresses...
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...is a common device in Disney productions used almost exclusively when portraying antagonistic characters. However, Putnam does not explore the reasoning behind this commonality present in many Disney antagonists, which begs the question, why does Disney only employ these characteristics when portraying an antagonist? In relation, Li-Vollmer and LaPointe of “Gender Transgression and Villainy in Animated Film” argue that Disney protagonists are portrayed heteronormatively. On the subject of the behavioural aspects of Disney antagonists, the elements of female assertiveness and aggression is exclusively present in female antagonists in the classic Disney movies that date back to the 20th century whilst nonexistent amongst female protagonists. This discrepancy implies an intentional divide. However, in the most recent films, the Walt Disney Company has placed an emphasis on increasing female protagonists’ sense of independence and propensity for taking charge. This greatly contrasts characters present in the classic films, and follows the shift in values that society has experienced with time. This observation further suggests that the classic Disney films used female assertion and aggression exclusively for female antagonists with the intention of evoking negative responses from their audience which were congruent with the societal expectations for female behaviour during that time period. My essay will explore these subjects with the intent of identifying the core motivations...
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...Thunderbird School of Global Management Quick-Reference Guide: The Cultural Orientations Model™ Environment: How individuals view and relate to people, objects, and issues Control: strong attitude that the environment can and should be changed and molded to fit one's needs. Harmony: need to build consensus and balance all interests. Constraint: need to act within clearly defined parameters set by external forces. Time: How individuals perceive the nature of time and its use Single-focused: concentrates on one task at a time. Multi-focused: attends to multiple tasks and/or relationships simultaneously. Fixed: focuses primarily on an exact measurement of time. Fluid: has a secondary focus on the exact measurement of time. Past: places high value on pre-established processes and procedures. Present: places a focus on short-term and quick results. Future: places a focus on long-term results. Action: How individuals view actions and interactions Being: emphasizes relationships, reflection, and analysis. Doing: focuses on task and action. Communication: How individuals express themselves High context: emphasizes implicit and relying on verbal cues. Low context: places strong value on explicit communication. Direct: perceives value in conflict and preferring a direct and explicit handling of it. Indirect: uses implicit modes and/or third parties in conflict situations. Expressive: emphasizes and values displays of emotion and/or eloquent use of language in interactions...
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