...Human Diseases: ADHD The purpose of this paper is to bring forth awareness and equip my readers with material regarding Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder, also referred to as (ADHD). This disorder effects many children and adults, and even those who have not been diagnosed. Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder effects children starting around the age younger age of 3. Not all who are ADHD have been clinically diagnosed, or even able to receive the kind of treatment(s) necessary for them. Several myths that have risen over time include idea such as: ADHD is not a real disorder However, like many other mental disorders it has a biological component. This means the biological component has been inherited. ADHD does not just happen to children, adults can also struggle making it harder to concentrate, stay focused without getting bored, which can also lead to a restless feeling. Hyperactivity is viewed as a main symptom for someone who has this mental disorder. With age hyperactivity usually tends to decline, and in which case will not stand out to be so visible. There has been some worry that taking prescription medication will lead to addictions, however there is no real evidence linking stimulant medications to other addictions. In most cases individuals who have been diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder result in having lower rates of substance abuse, verses individuals who do not take the appropriate medication. People with ADHD...
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...Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children Ronda Real RES/110 Introduction to Research and Information Utilization March 31, 2010 Don Hull Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children Ever been in a restaurant, in a classroom, or in church and seen a child who cannot sit still, concentrate, or talks constantly and wonder what is wrong with the child? The child may have Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder or ADHD. Within this paper the following questions will be answered, the definition of ADHD, the cause of ADHD, the symptoms of ADHD and if the symptoms differ in boys and girls, the different treatments for ADHD. Definition of ADHD If one has seen the children who cannot sit still, concentrate, or talks constantly and wonders if the child has ADHD then one needs to know the definition of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. According to Mayo Clinic (2009), the definition of "attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic condition that affects millions of children and often persists into adulthood. Problems associated with ADHD include inattention and hyperactive, impulsive behavior. Children with ADHD may struggle with low self-esteem, troubled relationships and poor performance in school" (Definition, para. 1). Within this clinics definition of ADHD there is an estimated three percent to five percent of children who are affected in the United States...
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...Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder or more commonly known as ADHD is a disorder that is common in childhood that continues into adolescence. ADHD is a neurological disorder that affects how the brain receives, processes and responds to information (The National Center for Learning Disabilities, 2014). The main symptoms of ADHD include difficulty staying focused and paying attention, difficulty controlling behavior, and hyperactivity (Brady). Many children suffer from ADHD without being diagnosed because the symptoms are different from child to child. There are three different categories of ADHD. These include predominantly hyperactive impulses, predominantly inattentive, and combined hyperactive-impulses and inattention (Brady). A child can be diagnosed with one of these three categories of ADHD depending on their specific symptoms but most children have a combination of hyperactive-impulses and inattention. The cause of ADHD is unknown but researchers are continually searching for answers. There are many different indications as to what causes ADHD such as genes, environmental factors and possibly the central nervous system (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2013). Several environmental factors have been identified as supposed risk factors for ADHD. In utero events such as maternal stress during pregnancy (Talge, Neal, & Glover, 2007), prenatal exposure to tobacco, alcohol and other drugs/environmental toxins, (Ribas-Fitó et al., 2006) (Pineda et a., 2007), pregnancy/birth complications...
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...Williams 1 Running head: ADULTS LIVING WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER Adults Living with Attention Deficit Disorder and How It Effects Their Lives Esha Williams Limestone University Author Note This paper was prepared for Intro to Success, ID 201. Taught By Ms. Johnson. Williams 2 ADULTS LIVING WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER Abstract This paper is Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) in adults and the effects is has on their personal and professional live. It explains many difficulties and challenges they face. Medications that are available to help with the disorder and how if treatment is received you can live a more successful life. I discuss the three subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Sign and symptoms of adults with ADHD/ADD. Types of medication that can be prescribed to help with symptoms. Different techniques that can be used to help cope more effectively with the disorder. I also shared my own personal issues with being diagnosed. Listed below the reference materials I used for this paper. Nationa Institue of Mental Health (2010). Gabor, Mate'. Scattered: How Attention Deficit Disorder Originates and What You Can Do About It. New York: Dutton by the Penguin Group, 1999. Gunter, J. "An update on attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder." American Psychological Assocation (2013): Formulary, 48(3), 98-109. "National Institue of Mental Health." (2010). Schwarz, Alan and Sarah Cohen. "More Diagnoses of A.D.H.D Causing...
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...Academic Integrity: All work submitted in each course must be the Learner’s own. This includes all assignments, exams, term papers, and other projects required by the faculty mentor. The known submission of another person’s work represented as that of the Learner’s without properly citing the source of the work will be considered plagiarism and will result in an unsatisfactory grade for the work submitted or for the entire course, and may result in academic dismissal. Psych 6302-8 Dr. Nickerson Impact of Psychological Illness on Nutrition Assignment # 6 <Add Learner comments here> ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Faculty Use Only ------------------------------------------------- <Faculty comments here> Impact of Psychological Illness on Nutrition Healthy nutrition is often a reflection of healthy living in general. Psychosocial behaviors, psychological illness, cognitive deficiencies, and body image are among the many behavioral and psychosocial factors that can have an impact on nutrition. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is amongst the most common neurobehavioral disorders in children, with a prevalence rate as high as four percent to twelve percent in school-aged children (Juneja, Jain...
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...(2012), Babinski, Hartsouch, Lambert (1999), Jill and Page (2005) and Belluck (2012) this paper reflects the understanding of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and how it can be a contributing factor to crime. Keywords: ADHD, crime, criminal behavior, treatments, Crimes That Involve ADHD Patients Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is generally displayed through behavioral inhibitions. ADHD is an ever-growing problem within the United States and across the globe. Often time’s people don’t understand ADHD and how such a disorder can lead to criminal activity. Through understanding how ADHD consumes a persons life will demonstrate how this disorder plays a role in the minds of those that have committed crimes. ADHD is most often discovered in children and can continue into adolescence and adulthood. The main symptoms include difficulty maintaining a focused mindset and paying attention to specific tasks. Behavioral issues are often affected due to the difficulty controlling ones behavior. All these symptoms are then topped off with hyperactivity, or being over-active (NIMH, 2008). There are three known subtypes to ADHD. The subtypes are referred to as the following: Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive, Predominantly inattentive and Combined hyperactive-impulsive and inattentive. For a person to be classified as having a predominantly hyperactive-impulsive subtype, they must have six or more symptoms of ADHD, but have fewer than...
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...Abstract In this research paper it famous and influential people were observed with Attention hyperactive disorder. With the use of the DSM IV our classroom text book and various internet resource this paper goes through the use of Ritalin and how people are commonly diagnosed with ADHD and do not have the disorder. Widespread use of medication and doctors immediately jump to prescribing medications such as Ritalin. Robert daydreamed so much that he was pulled out of school. Frank went into such trancelike dreams that one had to shout at him to bring him back. Equally problematic were Sam's restlessness and verbal diatribes. Virginia, too, demonstrated a tendency to talk on and on. Thomas experienced school problems, in part because of his high energy. Nick's tendency to act without thinking caused him to have several scrapes with death and near-tragedies, such as plunging to the earth from the roof of a barn, clutching an umbrella”. These are examples of situations that are common to many children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Children with ADHD tend to have creative and unique ways of thinking, and many problems focusing on one task, especially in school situations. Today children with this disorder are frequently prescribed medications to control their attention and/or hyperactivity. But are we doing what is in the best interest for children, or making it easier on the adults who have to deal with these children daily? In the previous stated...
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...RESEARCH PAPER ON ADHD Abstract Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral development disorder among children. In the United States there are at least 2 million grade school children that are diagnosed with the disorder (Dupper, 2003). ADHD is determined to be one of the most common development disorders in children (Barlow & Durand, 2009). This paper will discuss the different aspects of ADHD, its symptoms, common traits, and the known treatments being used by clinicians. Moreover, the paper will also touch on the important things to consider when dealing with ADHD, particularly in the area of social work. By doing so, it will determine why social work should be an integral part of the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD. ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVE DISORDER (ADHD) Dr. George Still was the first to diagnose ADHD in 1902 (Rafalovich, 2001). He detected the disorder in 20 children who all had impaired concentration and over-activity. However it was only after the encephalitis outbreak in the United States from 1917- 1918 that serious study of the disorder took place (Rafalovich, 2001). Clinically called encephalitis luthargica was identified as a specific disease category of children demonstrating unconventional behavior (Rafalovich, 2001). The study of encephalitis luthargica paved the way for research modality in psychiatry that became the neurological basis for childhood deviance, exemplified by modern study of ADHD (Rafalovich, 2001). Today...
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...childhood mental illness have long term consequences in terms of criminal behavior? Abstract The question of whether childhood mental illness has long term consequences in terms of criminal behavior has been little studied, yet it could have major consequences for both the individual and society more generally. In this paper, we focus on Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), one of the most prevalent mental conditions in school-age children, to examine the long-term effects of childhood mental illness on criminal activities, controlling for a rich set of individual, family, and community level variables. The empirical estimates show that children who experience ADHD symptoms face a substantially increased likelihood of engaging in many types of criminal activities. An included “back-of-the-envelope” calculation of the social costs associated with criminal activities by individuals with childhood ADHD finds the costs to be substantial. Long-Term Consequences of Childhood ADHD and Criminal Activities: Does childhood mental illness have long term consequences in terms of criminal behavior? Introduction Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent and fast growing mental health problems facing children. The prevalence is estimated to be between 2-10% of school aged children, with 7.4 percent of parents who have children between the ages of 3-17 reporting they were told their child had ADHD according to the most recent national...
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...Social Skills Children that are diagnose with ADHD typically exhibit social skills deficits, in addition to peer relationship problems. The deficiency in social skills causes, inattention and poor impulse control. Furthermore, there two main symptoms appear to produce both social performance deficits (e.g., inattention or poor listening to another child) and performance excesses (e.g., intrusiveness or often interrupting) that interfere with the normal social processes involved in stable peer relations. Researchers has declare that there are three problematic areas of functioning. The three areas are high rate disruptive and aggressive behavior; communication problems; and social-information processing performance problems. These problems...
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...Over-prescribing of ADHD Medication to Children Lesley M. Thomas University of Houston- Clear Lake What is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder? According to the National Library of Medicine, Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder is defined as, “a problem of not being able to focus, being overactive, not being able to control behavior, or a combination of these.” (www.nlm.nih.gov) For a diagnosis of this disorder, generally referred to simply as ADHD, these issues must be out of the normal range for a person’s age and development. Although the majority of diagnoses are given to children and adolescents, there are also a vast number of ADHD cases diagnosed for adults. The purpose of my research paper is to offer background on this disorder, discuss the psychopharmacology of its treatment options, and to discuss whether ADHD medication is over-prescribed to children. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) states that Attention Deficit Hyperactivity has three different subtypes. Those subtypes are Predominantly Inattentive, Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive, and a combination of the two. In order for the Predominantly Inattentive subtype to be used, at least six or more symptoms of inattention must be both present and persistent for at least six months. However, there must be fewer than six symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity. For usage of the Hyperactivity-Impulsivity subtype to be used, there must be a persistent presence of at least six...
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...life, such as concentration, focus, reading, math, or writing. Many people that are diagnosed with a learning disability have more than one. LD has always been difficult to define as a disorder, but is typically seen as “unexpected” underachievement (Swanson, Harris, and Graham 2003). There are many tools and techniques that have been developed to help these people cope with their disability. Many disabilities are diagnosed early in life when a child is noticed to have difficulty communicating effectively, speaking, reading, writing, solving a math problem, or any other task that should be performed at their appropriate age level. There are many different types of learning disabilities that have been identified. Some of the more common ones are dyslexia, dyscalculia, and dysgraphia. Although they are not classified as learning disabilities, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism also present learning difficulties. Dyslexia is the most common, and most well known, learning disability. According to Montgomery (2007), “The term “dyslexia” is used as a shortened version of “specific developmental dyslexia” for individuals who have an unexpected difficulty in learning symbol codes at a level in accord with their intellectual ability (p.65). This means that dyslexia is a disorder that makes it difficult to read, write, spell, and sometimes speak. Usually the term learning disability is usually used in...
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...research is: ‘how children with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are included within a mainstream classroom and how greater efforts can be taken to ensure inclusivity for them’. Within our school setting there seem to be more pupils with ADHD (some diagnosed, some undiagnosed but will display some of the behaviours/traits of pupils diagnosed with ADHD). Pupils with ADHD do have some barriers to learning. Some of these pupils are quite able academically and, therefore, may not have been identified as requiring special educational need (SEN) support if it weren’t for the perceived negative behaviours frequently displayed. These behaviours could include: trouble sustaining attention in tasks, trouble organising tasks and activities, refusal to comply with adult instructions, fidgeting with hands or feet or squirming in seat, disruption to the lesson by talking excessively, easily frustrated and having trouble waiting for his or her turn, distress at seemingly minor issues, disturbing other children, leaving the classroom etc. A range of strategies can be used to help these pupils settle in a main stream classroom and raise their achievement. It would be interesting to find out if it is an issue of Sensory sensitivity that is largely a factor in inhibiting the learning of these pupils. Baranek (2002) and Barkley (1998) report that pupils with ADD, ODD and ADHD often have Sensory Processing concerns and also Motor planning deficits. Many people who work with children...
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...ADHD Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Joselito B. Diaz, MD, FPNA College of Rehabilitation Sciences Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Characterized by a pattern of diminished sustained attention and higher levels of hyperactivity-impulsivity in a child, older adolescent or adult, more than expected for that age and developmental level Subtypes: Predominantly inattentive presentation Predominantly hyperactiveimpulsive presentation Combined presentation Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Inattention manifest behaviorally as wandering off task, lacking persistence, having difficulty sustaining focus, and being disorganized and is not due to defiance or lack of comprehension Hyperactivity refers to excessive motor activity when it is not appropriate; in adults may manifest as extreme restlessness or wearing others out with their activity Impulsivity refers to hasty actions that occur in the moment without forethought and that have high potential for harm to the individual Desire for immediate rewards or inability to delay gratification Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Establish that the patient has either inattention or hyperactivity/impulsivity or both that has persisted at least 6 months to a degree that is maladaptive and inconsistent with their developmental level Several symptoms that caused impairment presented before the age of 12 Clear evidence...
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...neuropsychological and behavioral disorders affecting behaviors emerges in children and adults pertains to ADHD (American Psychiatric Association, 1994, pp. 64-65). Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder disrupts the process of learning in children as well as others in the classroom, home, and the workplace. Often, children demonstrating these behaviors are impetuous and reckless thereby disruptive in activities at home, school, and play whereby hindering the child’s or adult’s abilities to learn and perform. This paper will provide an explication of ADHD and the common symptoms along with the rates of managing, and reducing the symptoms implemented in three treatments in methods selected in treating the disorder. Furthermore, an analysis will explicate the neurophysiological underpinnings, and contemporary attitudes of the selected interventions video games, family therapy, and Ritalin. Cause and characteristics of ADHD The symptoms of ADHD affect three to five percent of children in the United States that serves as the leading cause of underachievement as well as school failures (Parksepp, 1998). In the past the disorder incurred numerous labels “such as,” hyperkinetic reaction, hyperactive syndrome, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, and a minimal dysfunction of the brain. Males “in contrast,” to females because of underdiagnosing are more likely to endure ADHD symptoms. Nevertheless, the disorder focuses more on controlling impulses rather than attention (Seminar notes Barkley)...
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