...Rockefeller Foundation fellowship in USA. He married to Dora Tyree, an instructor in anatomy, in 1921. In January 1923, he moved to South Africa, as a professor of anatomy at The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. In November 1924 Dart was given a fossil skull that had been found recently at Taungs. He extracted the fossil from the hard matrix and found that the skull was a child’s. It was a mixture of apish and human features. Its teeth were human-like while its brain was the size of an ape’s. Raymond Dart had found the missing link in the man-ape line of evolution. He died on 22nd November 1988 at the age of 95 in Reno, Nevada. I am interested in Raymond Dart’s work because it is fascinating to see what a unique species we are, and how we have evolved into what we are today. I also think it is important to understand the differences between us humans and animals. Raymond Dart’s scientific areas of expertise was neuroanatomy (he taught neuroanatomy in university) and palaeoanthropology (since he discovered the ‘Taung Baby’)....
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...uniformitarian paradigm, the meteorite impact theory, once considered ‘outrageous’, now is the dominant theory. However, the volcanic theory is still believed by a majority of paleontologists. Both theories have their strengths and weaknesses. The unscientific behavior of those involved in the meteorite paradigm change will be briefly explored. Evidence that the dinosaurs died in a cataclysm of global proportions will be presented, such as the huge water-laid dinosaur graveyards found over the earth. Occasional nonspecific bone-beds and the rarity of fossils of very young dinosaurs suggest a catastrophic death and burial. The billions of dinosaur tracks recently discovered provide testimony to unusual, stressful conditions. Nests, eggs, and babies are a challenge to a Flood model, but there are enough unknowns associated with the data that solid conclusions are difficult to draw. The part that impacts and volcanism play in a Flood paradigm will be briefly discussed. The question of whether the K/T boundary and the extinction of the dinosaurs should be considered a synchronous event within the Flood will be considered. Introduction Dinosaurs bring wonder to children and adults alike. That such great beasts once roamed the earth is hard to imagine. Even harder to imagine is that some dinosaurs such as Tyrannosaurus rex were probably giant killing machines (after the fall, anyway). Of all the many questions related to dinosaurs, their disappearance from the earth is the most mysterious...
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...uniformitarian paradigm, the meteorite impact theory, once considered ‘outrageous’, now is the dominant theory. However, the volcanic theory is still believed by a majority of palaeontologists. Both theories have their strengths and weaknesses. The unscientific behaviour of those involved in the meteorite paradigm change will be briefly explored. Evidence that the dinosaurs died in a cataclysm of global proportions will be presented, such as the huge water-laid dinosaur graveyards found over the earth. Occasional monospecific bone-beds and the rarity of fossils of very young dinosaurs suggest a catastrophic death and burial. The billions of dinosaur tracks recently discovered provide testimony to unusual, stressful conditions. Nests, eggs, and babies are a challenge to a Flood model, but there are enough unknowns associated with the data that solid conclusions are difficult to draw. The part that impacts and volcanism play in a Flood paradigm will be briefly discussed. The question of whether the K/T boundary and the extinction of the dinosaurs should be considered a synchronous event within the Flood will be considered. Introduction...
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...Classical Conditioning Paper Jennifer Barzona PSY/390 April 23, 2012 Ricky Fenwick Classical Conditioning Paper When a response is formulated from one stimulus to another unlearned stimulus this process of learning is known as classical conditioning. The most noted theorist of classical condition is Ivan Pavlov for his work with dogs. By using classical conditioning an animal such a puppy can be taught to not chew on the couch when sprayed in the face with a water bottle. Classical Conditioning Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist who discovered this type of learning while researching digestion, accidentally discovered classical conditioning. In classical conditioning learning is accomplished through experience by using a traditionally neutral stimulus to create a physical response. (Olson & Hergenhahn, 2009) While researching dogs Pavlov observed when food was present the dogs salivate in response. During his research Pavlov introduced a bell when food was presented and finally removed the food when the bell rang. Pavlov noted the dogs salivated when food was not present and the bell rang. Pavlov stated classical conditioning has four components: conditioned stimulus, unconditioned stimulus, conditioned reflex, and unconditioned reflex. A conditioned stimulus is learned through prior conditioning. An unconditioned stimulus is any stimulus causing a reaction without prior conditioning or learning. An unconditional response is an unlearned response...
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...making it easier to sneak up on fish, however it makes it harder to see and that is where their ability to feel the electricity comes into play. Also they do form large schools in their youth to protect each other. Reproduction only occurs once a year for these sharks. The males will bite the females until she agrees to mate. The males will then transfer sperm into the female using claspers. Claspers are the male reproductive organ in cartilaginous fish. The scalloped hammerhead give a live birth and have an egg yolk placenta. Their gestation period is between 9 and 10 months, similar in time to human beings. The adult females move to the shallower waters of the continental shelf to give birth. The mother gives birth to between 15 and 30 babies. When giving birth the hammer is made of cartilage so the birthing is less traumatic. The offspring are between 15 and 18 inches in...
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...Growth and Development of the Infant Terms Motor a. Pertaining to any activity or behavior involving muscular movement Deciduous b. Primary teeth, twenty in number, which are replaced by permanent teeth; also called baby teeth Peer Group c. Association of persons of similar age Maturation d. Process of coming to full development Dentition e. Process of teething General Development of the Infant The term "development" refers to age-related changes in our characteristics and capacities. The term "norms" refers to what is normal, or typical. Developmental norms refer to typical characteristics or patterns of development at any given age. We must study the development of many different types of characteristics. There are four general areas of human development, physical (changes in our body), cognitive (changes in our knowledge and understanding), emotional (changes in our knowledge and ability to manage our emotions) and social (changes in how we understand and interact with other people). The characteristics and abilities of children change as they get older. It is important to keep in mind that the time frames presented are averages and some children may achieve various developmental milestones earlier or later than the average but still be within the normal range. Doctors generally determine what is normal by referring to a percentile. A percentile is the percentage of people who get an equal or lower score than any given score. For instance...
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...the different cycles each animal group has to go through. Day 5: Metamorphosis: Another lead in from the Life cycles lesson. Day 6: Offspring: I will be discussing with the students the animals and their babies. Day 7: Caring for their young: Here is where we will have a lesson on how the animals take care of their young. Day 8: Identifying the Needs of the animals: Like humans, animals have certain needs too and I will delve into these needs. Day 9: How they meet their needs: Another follow up from the previous lesson, I will do a part two lesson where I will teach a lesson on how the animals meet these needs. Day 10: Habitats: This is where we’ll discuss the homes of the animals. Day 11: How the animals move: This deals with how they use their bodies to run from their prey. Day 12: Adapting to the Environment: How these animals survive in their environments and where they live. Day 13: Food Chain: where their groups belong on the food chain. Teacher: Marianne Lettieri Grade: 2; Animal Groups Specific Expectation(s): In this first lesson, by the end, the students should be able to identify and describe the six major animal kingdoms Strand: Growth and Changes in Animals Materials and Resources: chart paper, magazines, markers, tape,...
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...Ajasiz Johnson American Intercontinental University Consumer Marketing MKT655 – Research Methods in Marketing June 23, 2013 Abstract Celebrities are often used by advertising agencies to endorse their products in an attempt to persuade the consumer to purchase their products. This paper discusses how celebrity endorsements tend to have an effect on consumers. Consumer Marketing Introduction Advertising obviously plays an essential role in the success or failure of a product. In some cases, using celebrity endorsers to promote products has been quite an effective campaign strategy for advertisers. Celebrity endorsed campaigns are created to sway the consumers and to promote a positive image. Research on Brand Endorser and Consumer Perception Since one of the key objectives of an advertising agency is to persuade customers to purchase the products they represent, an advertisement’s credibility plays an intricate part in heightening the sense of appeal to potential consumers. The enormous amount of money that is allotted for advertising budgets for celebrity endorsements indicate that they are vital in the “advertising world”. Pursuing a celebrity endorsement strategy enables advertisers to project a credible image in terms of expertise, persuasiveness, trustworthiness, and objectiveness (Till and Shimp 1998). Even though it may sound vain, when creating campaigns, advertisers also have to consider the attractiveness, physical appearance, personality, etc., of...
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...71197421 progeria-hutchison-gilford syndrome 3 Pages, 5 Sources, APA Style Preferred language style: English (U.S.); This topic is based on a topic of biotechnology, I have chosen progeria-hutchison-gilford syndrome. This paper needs to include an intro, body, conclusion, description of topic, demonstration of understanding, relation to health/nursing, accuracy and evidence of research. Progeria Hutchinson Gilford Syndrome (HGP syndrome) is a genetic condition that is fatal and is characterized by the child developing features of premature ageing. It tends to affect the musculoskeletal system, skin and the blood vessels. The disorder was reported separately by two different persons namely Hutchinson and Gilford in the late part of the 19th century. Till today about 100 cases of the disorder have been reported. About one in every 8 million births may develop this disorder. Many cases may go unrecognized, undiagnosed, or associated with stillborn children. The mortality rate of the condition is high due to heart and vascular disorders. A Child affected with the disorder may live for about 10 to 12 years. The condition more often affects males compared to females in the ratio of 5: 1. During the infancy stage, the child may appear to be normal, but after the age of 9 months to 24 months, the child begins to experience features of growth delays, stunted growth, short stature and the failure to put on body weight. The exact mechanism by which the disorder develops...
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...Introduction A stain is a spot or patch of color on the cloth caused by the reaction of two dissimilar materials. Most spots can be categories as protein stains (blood, baby food, milk feces and urine), tannin stain (coffee, alcoholic drinks, fruits and juices), oil-based stains (kitchen grease, ointment and salad dressing) and combination stains (tomato-based food, peanut butter and gravy). Stains are the most common problem of people especially housewives for it is notoriously hard to remove. Some of the common stains are blood, chocolates and the like. These stains can tarnish the clothes and can also damage the quality of the fabrics depending on the amount of stains. There are several chemical stain removers available in the market claiming...
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...Gen 200 Research Strategy Paper week 4 Cell service with Sprint network Since the beginning of September I bought a new blackberry phone only to add more headaches to my busy scheduled life I have. I was happy with my old blackberry phone I had then I wanted a new phone since my seven month son finished beating up my old phone with his two new baby teeth. My problem with my new phone began when my husband tried to call me and my calls were going straight to my voice mail last week. I tried to call out with no luck. My blackberry said “service failed." I tried to use the text system and it was taking a long time or even the text system was failing to go through. All this added more headaches and frustrated only because I relied on my cell phone and never bothered to buy a house phone as a backup in case my cell phone ever failed me. I made a service call to Sprint twice last week and so far three times this week. I finally got ahold of a supervisor technical support person that helped me with my phone. It took about forty minutes to fix the problem. We had to change my IBM number to trick the system that is attached to the Sprint network. We trouble shot the phone twice. We did this to confuse the chip on my phone. The gentleman from Sprint was a great help with lots of knowledge regarding the problem I was having with my cell phone. He also mentioned that the area that I live around have a few dead spots that is another reason for my lost calls and failed calls. After...
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...This paper examines the relationship between the planet Earth and life by first exploring Earth’s origin and life’s formation and their relationship with rocks and understanding the chronology of Earth’s major events that shaped it. The major events discussed in this paper are the physical formation of the Earth, the Glacial Epoch, and initial oxygenation of the planet. Then it delves into Earth’s own adaptive mechanisms and its interaction with organisms that inhabit on this planet by considering factors that make life a geologic force as life and rocks developed a mutual relationship. Finally, it assesses information on Earth’s coevolutionary connection with lives on it and evaluates life and the Anthropocene Epoch. It also addresses difference...
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...contents…………………………………………………………… | 2 | Introduction………………………………………………………………… | 3 | Definition of Foetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)…………………………….. | 3 | Characteristics of FAS……………………………………………………… | 4 | Affect of FAS on babies……………………………………………………. | 5 | Affect of alcohol on the brain……………………………………………… | 6 | The role the South African context has played in FAS…………………….| 7 | Conclusion………………………………………………………………….. | 8 | REFERENCES | 9 | Appendix A…………………………………………………………………. | 11 | Appendix B…………………………………………………………………. | 12 | Appendix C…………………………………………………………………. | 13 | | | Introduction South Africa has the highest rate of Foetal Alcohol Syndrome in the world! The draft South African liquor bill released on Monday 6th February 2012 will prohibit the sale of alcohol to pregnant women if it is passed. It is the first time that the South African government has proposed legislation to assist controlling the alcohol intake of women. (“Liquor Surprise for Pregnant Women,” 2012) But is this enough to meaningfully diminish the consumption of alcohol by pregnant women in South Africa? Within this context the following questions will be addressed: What is Foetal Alcohol Syndrome? How is FAS characterised? How is a baby affected by Foetal Alcohol Syndrome? How does alcohol affect the brain? What kind of role has the South African context played in FAS? Definition of Foetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) The South...
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...Valley, Switzerland Modern Swiss were Losing Their Health The Healthy People of the Outer Hebrides Gaelics on Modern Foods are Losing Their Health Genetics and Tooth Decay Aborigines of Australia Nutritive Values of Diets Compared Fat-soluble Vitamins and Activators Mantesh Why Tooth Decay with Modern Civilization? Weston Price's Tooth Decay Curing Protocol Dr. Price's Protocol Summarized Chapter 2 References CHAPTER 3 MAKE YOUR TEETH STRONG WITH FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS How Teeth Remineralize 101 Hormones and Tooth Decay Cholesterol The Miracle of Vitamin D Vital Fat-Soluble Vitamin A Cod Liver Oil Heals Cavities Weston Price’s Activator X More Fat-Soluble Vitamin Sources: Bone Marrow, Brain, Kidneys, and Glands Organs from the Water Fat-soluble Vitamin Summary Chapter 3 References CHAPTER 4 REMINERALIZE YOUR TEETH WITH WISE FOOD CHOICES The Town without a Toothache Deceptive Labeling Pasteurization Kills Milk Obtaining Raw Milk Good Soup Heals Your Teeth Blood Sugar Sweeteners Protein for Your Teeth Protein Assimilation...
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...to contain. Smoking normal cigarettes can be a foundation for more dangerous substances that include smoking weed and inhaling cocaine. Health institutions have come up with the possible effects of smoking both to passive and active smokers. Breathing problems, socioeconomic effects as well as chronic diseases like cancers are some of the dangerous outcomes of smoking. Several alternatives have been established to deal with the problem (Hyde & Setaro, 2006). Designation of smoking zones is one of the options that most nations globally have embraced with the aim of bringing down the negative effects associated with smoking. This paper seeks to establish the need for banning smoking in closed areas. This is in accordance with the fact that smoking has been a menace in the recent past especially to passive smokers (Owing, 2005). The paper also aims at identifying the possible impact of smoking and how restricting it will assist the government and the entire world deal with the...
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