...Why does almost no one cycle in Birmingham? Executive Summary A basic summary of the content of the report. (Inleiding) Contents page In correct format with clear subdivisions and corresponding page numbers (inhoudsopgave) Executive Summary 2 Contents page 2 The overall purpose of the research 3 The specific aim of the research 4 The research questions 5 Key sources for secondary research, the literature review 6 The overall primary research approach / strategy 8 Primary Data Collection Methods to be used 10 Sampling / choice of subject 10 How the data will be analysed once it is collected 10 Research Considerations 10 Summary 10 References & Bibliography 10 The overall purpose of the research Nowadays there are various ways of daily transport. You can walk, cycle, take a bus or a train, drive your car of even get on a skateboard or a step. Urban transport is different in every city, therefore moving from one city to another can be a huge transformation. In Birmingham, cycling is getting more and more in the picture because of health and environmental issues. The government tries to motivate the citizen’s to cycle and increase the safety and cycling paths. Still there are not many people who use the bike as transport. The question is why? Why does almost no one cycle in Birmingham? What the research intends to find out is what the infrastructure in Birmingham looks like and if the city is cycle friendly and above all if it is...
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...The University of Birmingham College of Social Sciences The Birmingham Business School Department of Accounting and Finance Professional Skills (07 22676) Précis Writing What is the impact of voluntarily corporate environmental disclosures on the cost of equity? Do they increase or decrease the cost of equity within corporations? Some research has have been made based on French companies which will perhaps help you to see more clearly. It is important to understand what is motivating disclosing companies to voluntarily publish environmental information? Giving a financial report to the environment is the principal way in which investors, creditors, shareholders, governments and the public at large can be informed on the performance of a company. A company’s financial performance affects its financial statement due to increasing concern of those people. Nevertheless, publishing this kind of information could also affect company performance in a negative way. On average, the environmental topics that attract the most details from companies are natural resources, pollution and recycling. Which has no effect on whether or not to share environmental information. When companies communicate environmental disclosures, they actually communicate details like company size, financial leverage and the number of financial analysts monitoring company stock (1). Divulging environmental disclosures can also help a company’s stock price. Belkaoui determined a positive...
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...these charges had a multiple impact on the stakeholders. The ethical dilemmas that caused the rise and fall of Richard M. Scrushy will be reviewed. Scrushy’s Beginnings Scrushy began his humble beginnings in Alabama. Watson (2003), biography of Scrushy reports he dropped out of high school and worked as a gas station attendant and later a bricklayer. He eventually returned back to school and earned his high school diploma. Later Scrushy enrolled at Jefferson State Community College in Birmingham. He did a year at Jefferson State and a year of clinical training at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB). Scrushy graduated in 1974 as a certified respiratory therapist (Watson, 2003, p. 1). Once Scrushy graduated with the certification of a respiratory therapist, he began climbing the ladder. His accomplishments were as follows: * 1974 - Taught at University of Alabama Birmingham. * 1979 -1984 Vice President at LifeMark HealthCare Firm. * 1984-2003 Founded HealthSouth in Little Rock Alabama. The company began with the four colleagues from Lifemark and $50,000. Scrushy also became CEO and Chairman of HealthSouth. * 1985- Scrushy moved HealthSouth to Birmingham....
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...to commit first degree murder and sentenced to life imprisonment. For the majority of my lifetime, “Daniel” has been trying to correct this egregious conviction and his struggle is far from over. Last summer, I work pro bono on “Daniel’s” case as a second year law student in Oracle, Arizona, and came to realise the true benefit of pro bono work. I ended up in Oracle after studying American Legal Practice at Birmingham City University as part of my second year LL.B studies. The American Legal Practice module is the largest UK to USA legal internship programme in the United Kingdom with over 100 host partners. The module provides students with an opportunity to work pro bono in an American law office, project or organisation for academic credit. Before embarking on the internship students must undertake training, in order to prepare them for some possible issues they may encounter. The training covered areas including legal research, the federal and state legal system, the Constitution, Amendments, the death penalty and exemptions, American Bar Association guidelines and international law. During my internship I spent several weeks working on “Daniel’s” case. In this time, I reviewed the file to establish the history of the case, including any procedural history. I also spent several hours researching the...
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...Two weeks after graduating high school, I arrived at Shocco Springs Baptist Conference Center to begin my first “real job” and experience the most pivotal summer of my life. While most of my friends frolicked on beaches enjoying their last summer before college, my ten hour workdays as a “Summer Staffer” consisted of scrubbing floors, cleaning toilets, preparing meals, cleaning dishes, hauling trash, and busing tables. While these duties yielded an education in how to survive a gritty physical environment, the most vital education I received was in how to survive a gritty social environment. My boss was fired for stealing, a direct co-worker was arrested for murder, and another co-worker stalked me. Various fellow staff members allowed these unexpected circumstances to distract them from their daily responsibilities, but I understood that Shocco guests still demanded our services. Rather than retreat from a back-breaking job amidst criminals, I daily maintained a laser-like focus on getting my job done despite feeling intimidated. Overcoming the intimidation brought forth two lessons that changed my life forever: life will always throw you curve balls and you must adapt to them, and secondly, there is no substitute for hard work. These lessons prepared me for the real world and greatly motivated me to obtain a higher education. Upon graduating from the University of Alabama, I had a unique professional and personal opportunity to move to San Diego. Professionally, I became...
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...The implicit Bias test also provided evidence of racial biases since majority of the people given the test showed biases, even African Americans themselves. The implicit Bias test shared similarity with the famous Clark Doll Study, in which 16 black children presented with two identical dolls that has different complexion. All the children preferred the doll with lighter complexion, while they associated the doll with darker expression as the one most similar to themselves. This doll study eventually used as proof in the 1954 Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education, and the law of separate but equal became unconstitutional. However, the...
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...decade of marches, meetings, jailings, sit-ins and freedom rides? My unit presents five themes, in the context of barriers to overcome: A. SOCIAL BARRIERS. Racial prejudices and fears that led to the formation of the Ku Klux Klan; fears of black-white race-mixing, culminating in the murder of Emmett Till in Mississippi in 1955. Why did the Till case become a national scandal? Tills mother said, The murder of my son has shown me that what happens to any of us, anywhere in the world, had better be the business of all of us. B. EDUCATIONAL BARRIERS. Implementation of the Brown decision in Little Rock produced heroes and villains like Orval Faubus, Daisy Bates and Thurgood Marshall. What was it like for Mrs. Bates after she was struck by a rock thrown through her living room window with a note, Stone this time. Dynamite next? The confrontation achieved historic proportions when President Eisenhower reluctantly brought in federal troops to protect the Little Rock Nine after rioting had occurred outside the school. Watching those students being escorted by rifle-toting soldiers through the front door of the high school is a scene few can forget. C. POLITICAL AND LEGAL BARRIERS. The tactics developed by civil rights activists sit-ins and freedom rides proved effective in breaking these barriers down. What of...
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...Restrained, sincere, fair minded presentation Appropriate level of vocabulary Correct grammar | Vivid, concrete language Emotionally loaded language Connotative meanings Emotional examples Vivid descriptions Narratives of emotional events Emotional tone Figurative language | | Effect | | Evokes a cognitive, rationale response | Demonstrates author's reliability, competence, and respect for the audience's ideas and values through reliable and appropriate use of support and general accuracy | Evokes an emotional response | Definitions Logos: The Greek word logos is the basis for the English word logic. Logos is a broader idea than formal logic--the highly symbolic and mathematical logic that you might study in a philosophy course. Logos refers to any attempt to appeal to the intellect, the general meaning of "logical argument." Everyday arguments rely heavily on ethos and pathos, but academic arguments rely more on logos. Yes, these arguments will call upon the writers' credibility and try to touch the audience's emotions, but there will more often than not be logical chains of reasoning supporting all claims. Ethos: Ethos is related to the English word ethics and refers to the trustworthiness of the speaker/writer. Ethos is an effective...
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...Fig 12: Career Summary Fig 13: Expertise Summary BEAUTIFUL BULLETS 13 Fig 14: Bullet 1 Fig 15: A Powerful Summary SHOWING MANAGERIAL CAPABILITIES 14 REFERENCES 14 Fig 16. References SCANNING YOUR WORK 15 CV EXAMPLES PROFILE EXAMPLES EXAMPLE COVERING LETTER 16-28 29-30 31 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14 15. CV EXAMPLES 2 INTRODUCTION 1. YOUR CV Welcome. If you are a postgraduate student at The Birmingham Business School, one of the tasks you are likely to want to tackle is the design of a CV to ‘market’ your skills for the future. Even if you do not intend to try and seek work in the UK, you are likely to find that you can learn from the self-marketing skills our Careers Advisers and Consultants will emphasise in the workshop sessions offered and by working on your CV using this Guide. You are likely to achieve the best result if you review your CV more than once during your course. The review process will strengthen your CV so it reflects your learning, development and changing ideas about work options. MBAs at The Birmingham Business School will be asked to design a Profile, to go on-line. However, this profile format will not...
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...Cadbury World A Case Study An overview of Cadbury World, its origins, history and operations 1 © Cadbury plc, produced by Cadbury World Marketing Team 2009 Overview This case study explains the history and product development of Cadbury World; aspects of its operational and marketing functions, as well as providing some key numerical data. It is intended to provide students and other interested parties with a snapshot view of and insight into one of the UK’s leading leisure attractions. It is strongly recommended that the case study is used in association with a visit to the attraction. Cadbury World in Context Seen as a new venture into the leisure industry when it opened in 1990, Cadbury World began its life principally as a public relations tool, but quickly became a popular half-day venue for people of all ages looking for quality leisure time. The original attraction was very educational and historical-based, with mainly static displays. Over time, Cadbury World has grown to be a family attraction of much bigger dimensions. It has maintained visitor numbers comfortably in excess of half a million annually, and returns a healthy paper profit back into Cadbury UK as well as bringing value to the company in terms of public interface and direct communication to the consumer. The original vision for Cadbury World was to provide a tourist attraction experience and provide an alternative to the demands from the general public denied access to...
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...Case study 1 (M1) Mrs H. After reading Mrs H’s case study I was shocked, I was shocked to learn that she was given no choice in her personal care. Mrs H was moved to an intermediate care centre for treatment after a fall at home, after her treatment she was then admitted to the Elderly Care Assessment Unit of Birmingham Heartlands confused of what was going on around her, Mrs H wasn’t aware where she was getting transferred to or what care procedures has been put in place for her. Whenever Mrs H was in the hospital she had many falls and during one of the falls she broke her collar bone, her niece holds power of attorney for her and is also her only relative and because of this her niece should have been informed of Mrs H’s fall and her injuries that she sustained during this, but her niece received no information of any of the falls never mind her breaking her collar bone. This could make Mrs H less confident in the people around her such as doctors and nurses, she may lose trust towards them and not want to ask them to lift her in case she was to fall again, so in result of this this could lead Mrs H to urinating herself by not making it to the toilet. As Mrs H was given no choice in her personal care this would make her feel disempowered because before her fall at home she was a very independent woman whose appearance was important to her, this could result in Mrs H isolating herself. Mrs H was in no way treated and valued as an individual, during Mrs H journey home she was...
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...A cross-national validation of the consumer-based brand equity scale Isabel Buil Department of Economy and Business Studies, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain Leslie de Chernatony Birmingham Business School, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, and ´ Eva Martınez Department of Economy and Business Studies, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain Abstract Purpose – This study seeks to investigate the measurement invariance of the consumer-based brand equity scale across two samples of UK and Spanish consumers. Design/methodology/approach – Brand equity was conceptualised as a multi-dimensional concept consisting of brand awareness, perceived quality, brand associations and brand loyalty. To test the brand equity scale cross-nationally a survey was undertaken in the UK and Spain. Measurement invariance was assessed using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis. Findings – The brand equity scale was invariant across the two countries. Results show that the consumer-based brand equity scale has similar dimensionality and factor structure across countries. In addition, consumers respond to the items of brand equity in the same way, which allows meaningful comparison of scores. Research limitations/implications – Future research could examine the cross-national generalisability of the brand equity scale using other countries’ products and services. Practical implications – Given that the brand equity scale is invariant across countries, researchers and international...
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...5/1/2013 About our outreach program The Azalea Youth Outreach and Referral Program’s goal is to empower our youth and focus on pro-active coaching and early intervention to address the youth and family issues through skill building, education, and advocacy. We reach out through the community, schools, churches, civic groups, social groups, and nonprofit organizations. The program promote efforts by its grantees to build relationships between our youth and outreach workers, their local communities, local schools, and social setting with homeless, troubled, low income youth. Grantees also provide support services that aim to coach youth into stable housing, daily living skills to prepare them for independence. It requires grantees to incorporate elements of the Positive Youth Development approach into their programs. PYD suggests that the best way to prevent risky behavior is to help young people achieve their full potential. Youth development strategies focus on giving young people the chance to exercise leadership, build skills and become actively involved in their communities. The Azalea Youth Outreach Referral Program (A.Y.O.P.) enables organizations around the Birmingham City and Jefferson county area to help young people get off the streets. The A.Y.O.P. is also designed to provide service to the community and change things in a positive way. We recruit volunteers of all ages as possible to get involved and help make a difference such as: ADOPT-A-COMMUNITY YOUTH...
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...taken what is not theirs to take. Some of those people intended to steal they just never thought they would get caught. Others were pulled into the original crime or some aspect of the cover-up and before they knew it they were labeled a co-conspirator. This study will examine the people behind the much publicized fraud scheme at HealthSouth. Some did not set out to commit white-collar crime but found themselves as defendants in criminal trials for fraud. In the HealthSouth case in observation, real life examples of people who were "just doing their job" but at some point crossed the line from law-abiding citizens to law-breaking villains. Seemingly small compromises in ethics and morality led to a full-scale commitment to fraud. Finally, we will conclude that nobody sets out in their career to end up in prison cleaning toilets and on the front page of the Wall Street Journal after they are arrested for fraud. At some point, though, many end up that way. A. Background of the Study The study all about the recent accounting scandal that were reported : “The HealthSouth Scandal of 2003” as the researcher has become interested in finding out what made some this issue to happen. B. Statement of the Problem This study all about the story of the recent accounting scandal that were reported: “The HealthSouth Scandal of 2003”. It seeks to answer the following questions: 1. How is...
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...discusses the HealthSouth Case including the activities and subsequent prosecution of its CEO, Richard Scrushy. “During the trial of former HealthSouth CEO Richard Scrushy, federal prosecutors argued that Scrushy must have known something was amiss with HealthSouth’s financial statements since there was a discrepancy between the company’s financial and nonfinancial performance.” Over a ten-year period from 1987 to 1997, HealthSouth enjoyed above–average growth at a rate of 31 percent per year. (Jennings, 2012, 2009, p. 183) This phenomenal growth was due, in part, to a series of mergers and acquisitions let by the efforts of the company’s CEO, Richard Scrushy who ran the company with an iron fist and has at least one recorded conversation directing a CFO to fix the numbers over time. The fraud lasted for seven years and totaled approximately $2.7 billion. Mr. Scrushy denied knowing anything about the fraud, claimed it was all done by the people around him and was ultimately found not guilty of the fraud at HealthSouth but was convicted on bribery and corruption charges. Mr. Scrushy was ordered to pay $2.9 billion in restitution in a civil suit. “From at least 1996 until 2002, HealthSouth senior management perpetrated a financial statement fraud primarily through the use of nonstandard journal entries.” (Carmichael, 2010, p. 64) “Scrushy, once a high school dropout, worked as a gas station attendant and a bricklayer before retuning (sic) to school and earning his diploma...
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