...The changes in family dynamics at the birth of a child as they affect each of the following: newborn, mother, father, siblings, and extended family of the new parents. Although a newborn baby is a bundle of joy, some adjustments should be done to welcome the new member of the family. With a new addition to the family all members should expect and be prepared for tremendous changes. These changes directly affect the mother, father, siblings and extended family of the new parents. First, we can start with the changes in the newborn’s life. When the mother delivers the baby it underdoes a huge amount of stress. But until the delivery the newborn is in the mother’s uterus safe and sound. While in the mother’s womb the newborn will receive nourishment from the mother. As soon as the baby leaves the uterus there are changes that he/she goes through. The newborn will have to learn to breathe independently, adjusting to different temperatures and the difficult feeding process. Fortunately, most infants are resilient and possess many capabilities that help them adjust and embark on the growth journey. And good-quality prenatal care, a normal labor and delivery process, warm and positive interactions with parents, and good-quality medical care are critical ingredients for the newborn’s optimal adjustment. Secondly, we examine the mother, the most important figure in the early stages of the baby’s life. The mother’s adjustment to her new life can be the most difficult one. During the...
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...In Partial Fulfilment of the Final Requirements in the Class of Social Work with Groups Submitted by Kristel Joy Climaco Sevilla CASE STUDY 1 A. Identifying Information: Name: Richard Quintos Address: 7th Street, Sampaloc, Manila Gender: Male Birth date: June 11, 1995 Place of birth: Batangas Status: Single Religion: Roman Catholic Nationality: Filipino Date of first service: January 9, 2014 B. Family: 1. Parents’ Names: Rommel Quintos; Rochelle Quintos Dates of birth: Deceased; January 3, 1975 Places of residence: Deceased; Singapore 2. Siblings: Richard is only child. 3. Resources and expectations in the family for client: Mrs. Quintos and Richard’s aunt are willing to support the rehabilitation sessions for Richard. They have been motivated to pursue the rehabilitation since Richard himself asked for help to renew his life. Richard has been stopped in second year high school from the time when has a drinking problem and has been dependent in drugs. Robert lived for almost seventeen years with his Aunt Mary, who witnessed the sadness and the addiction of Richard. Client suffered from grief when his father died when he was eighteen years old. At this point, Mrs. Quintos is determined to help her son to improve and recover from grief and loss of her husband; she always talk to Richard through phone calls and emails; and she sends money twice a month to her in-law Mary to all expenses of her son. C. Education: Completed elementary years at Sampaloc Elementary School; finished...
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...is when another woman carries and gives birth to a child for another individual. Though it can be an emotionally intense and legally complex arrangement, it is growing in popularity among parents as a way of having children. Having another woman bear a child for a couple to raise, usually with the male half of the couple as the genetic father, is referred to in antiquity. Babylonian law and custom allowed this practice and infertile woman could use the practice to avoid a divorce, which would otherwise be inevitable. One well-known example is the Biblical story of Sarah and Abraham, a nomadic Hebrew couple unable to conceive. Sarah offered her Egyptian slave Hagar as a surrogate, but later drove her away from the camp when Hagar became impudent during pregnancy. Hagar fled to Egypt, where an angel told her that her son Ishmael would become a leader amongst the Hebrews; she subsequently returned to Sarah and Abraham. Surrogacy requires a lot of time, money and patience to succeed, whether it's carried out privately or through an agency. But it can bring happiness to all concerned if the medical, legal, financial and emotional aspects are properly considered. Why choose surrogacy Someone may choose surrogacy if one can't carry a pregnancy, perhaps because: * Have had recurrent miscarriages. * Have a health condition which makes pregnancy and birth dangerous. * Uterus (womb) is abnormal or absent, whether since birth or after a hysterectomy. * Fertility...
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...PARENTING STYLES Developmental psychologists have long been interested in how parents impact child development. However, finding actual cause-and-effect links between specific actions of parents and later behavior of children is very difficult. Some children raised in dramatically different environments can later grow up to have remarkably similar personalities. Conversely, children who share a home and are raised in the same environment can grow up to have astonishingly different personalities than one another. Despite these challenges, researchers have uncovered convincing links between parenting styles and the effects these styles have on children. During the early 1960s, psychologist Diana Baumrind conducted a study on more than 100 preschool-age children (Baumrind, 1967). Using naturalistic observation, parental interviews and other research methods, she identified four important dimensions of parenting: * Disciplinary strategies * Warmth and nurturance * Communication styles * Expectations of maturity and control Based on these dimensions, Baumrind suggested that the majority of parents display one of three different parenting styles. Further research by also suggested the addition of a fourth parenting style (Maccoby & Martin, 1983). The Four Parenting Styles 1. Authoritarian Parenting In this style of parenting, children are expected to follow the strict rules established by the parents. Failure to follow such rules usually results in punishment...
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...as 60 percent of new mothers. The new mother’s may not feel love for their newborn and may have no energy to take care of the child. They may also suffer from insomnia, excessive eating, anorexia, or even hyperventilation. They often feel guilty and worthless because they know that they should not feel this way. There is no set pattern for those who are most likely to be affected by Postpartum Depression. The purpose of researching Postpartum Depression and the treatments is to learn how to better care for the women and their children. Postpartum Depression is a serious illness and without proper treatment and attention the children born to women who develop Postpartum Disease may grow up without proper care and in the most serious of cases, some children die of neglect or abuse. The articles used for this paper investigate the mother’s relationship with their partner during pregnancy, the perception of prenatal partner support, the association of maternal and paternal PPD, and the associations of relationship adjustment and symptoms of depressions and anxiety. The knowledge gain from researching this topic and from the articles is that spousal support has become a very big factor in postpartum depression. Spousal support may be at risk during times of change or adjustment. Parenthood has been identified as a period of adjustment that can significantly affect many aspects of the spousal relationship. When a couple has no children, psychological resources are assigned to...
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...Vienna Yearbook of Population Research 2013 (Vol. 11), pp. 295–323 Determinants of exceptional human longevity: new ideas and findings Leonid A. Gavrilov and Natalia S. Gavrilova∗ Abstract Studies of centenarians are useful in identifying factors leading to long life and avoidance of fatal diseases. In this article we consider several approaches to study effects of early-life and midlife conditions on survival to advanced ages: use of non-biological relatives as controls, the within-family analysis, as well as a sampling of controls from the same population universe as centenarians. These approaches are illustrated using data on American centenarians, their relatives and unrelated shorterlived controls obtained from the online genealogies. The within-family analysis revealed that young maternal age at person’s birth is associated with higher chances of exceptional longevity. Comparison of centenarians and their shorter-lived peers (died at age 65 and sampled from the same pool of online genealogies) confirmed that birth timing in the second half of the calendar year predicts survival to age 100. Parental longevity as well as some childhood and midlife characteristics also proved to be significant predictors of exceptional longevity. 1 Introduction Studies of centenarians (people living to 100 and older) could be useful in identifying factors leading to long life and avoidance of fatal diseases. Even if some individual characteristics have a moderate protective effect on...
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...Developmental History Case Study A child’s developmental history provides descriptions of when and how the child achieved certain milestones, such as rolling over, crawling, and responding to sounds. Developmental histories also aid in the diagnosis of developmental disorders (Texas Autism, 2009). Saundra Moskoff recently analyzed the developmental history of Brittney Hoffman. This case study details the risks and developmental complications, the probable results of deficits, long-term consequences associated with disorders and illnesses, and the potential issues for Brittney based on the responses within the developmental history. Risks and Complications The developmental history contains nine areas: demographic information, primary caregiver/parent information, family history, childcare, pregnancy, birth, development, medical history, and medical care. Demographic Information Brittney’s demographic information indicates she lives in a middle-class neighborhood and attends a local preschool. A child’s environment greatly effects his or her development (Santrock, 2010). Healthy relationships within a loving family and the opportunity to interact with other children are essential qualities in the life of a child. Living in an impoverished neighborhood is a developmental risk factor. If the developmental history reported Brittney lived in an indigent neighborhood, an assessment in the areas of physical needs such as nutrition and personal hygiene may indicate neglect...
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...Suicide Positives of Adoption A. Abortion Alternative B. Better the Quality of Life C. A Second Chance Arcieri 1 Recent studies in the United States have shown that thirty-four percent of teenage women will become pregnant at least once before the age of twenty. Of the 820,000 teen pregnancies each year seventy-nine percent occur out of wedlock, while one third never achieve a high school diploma or GED (Chappuis). It is estimated that about five percent of teen mothers end up putting their child up for adoption. As for the ninety-five percent of those teen moms that choose to raise their child on their own, many of them feel differently about their decisions once they attempt to balance the hardships of raising a child with living the life of a teenager ("Abortion.org"). This can easily lead to added stress levels, an unhealthy environment, and improper care for the child. One and a half percent of teen moms that decide to keep their child do not achieve a college degree before the age of thirty (Chappius) where as on average forty-three percent of adopted children end up in homes where at least one parent already has a college degree (Zill). Looking at these statistics it is easy to concur that a child whom is adopted from a teen mother is likely to have a higher quality of life and a better home environment than if the birth mother were to raise the child herself, therefore adoption is a positive alternative to teen motherhood. What is child adoption and where...
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...(PRRs) for non-marital fathers has become increasingly difficult to justify in recent years, as a result of changes in social and cultural attitudes. Studies reveal that 51.4% of children are now born outside wedlock. Consequently, statute has intervened throughout the years in an attempt to abolish the notion of the ‘illegitimate’ child and to ameliorate the rights of the unmarried father. In this essay, the writer will describe how a non-marital father can obtain PRRs with reference to recent legislation, discussing any obstacles they may face and consider the extent to which they are still discriminated against in Scots Law. The Family Law (Scotland) Act 2006 came into force on 4 May 2006. This piece of legislation significantly improved the position of the non-marital father by amending the Children (Scotland) Act 1995 which details the legal mediums through which a parent can acquire PRRs. This legislative innovation provided that unmarried fathers can acquire full PRRs providing they register as the father under any of the UK’s Acts enabling registration of births, deaths and marriages as well as registering their paternity after the amendment came into force. However, the mother is not required to register but instead obtains PRRs automatically, which is arguably discriminatory in nature against a man who is the biological father of a child born to the woman, since the mother has no mirroring obligation and acquires PRRs by virtue of giving birth. Notwithstanding, registration...
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...Critique printed version ISSN 0102-7972 Psychol. Reflex. Crit. vol.23 no.2 Porto Alegre 2010 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-79722010000200002 DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY The influence of gender and birth order on parenting practices Gender and birth order the moderators parenting Izabela Tissot Sampaio Antunes Federal University of Santa Catarina * , Mauro Luís Vieira ABSTRACT This study evaluated gender and birth order as moderating variables of parenting practices and perception of parental preference from the point of view of the children. Participated in the survey 322 adolescents between 13 and 17 years. Parenting Styles Inventory (ESI) and a questionnaire developed by the authors: two instruments for data collection were used. Data were analyzed by non-parametric statistics (MannWhitney and Kruskal-Wallis). By analyzing the results, it was found that: (a) the gender of the children interferes significantly in rates of parenting style, (b) the first-born had significantly higher risk of suffering from negative parenting practices, and (c) the perception of preference parenting is influenced by gender and birth order of the children. Keywords: Gender, Birth Order, Parental Educational Practices. ABSTRACT This study Aimed at Assessing gender and birth order influence on parenting and Perceived parental favoritism from the children perspective. The participants were 322 adolescents aged between 13 and 17 years old. Two instruments were used to collect...
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...The Effects of Teenage Relationships Different relationships affect teenagers in various ways. Friends impact teenagers almost the same amount as their parents. Teenagers go to their friends for help or to ask questions that they could not ask their parents about. Most of the time their friends give them good advice but then there is the down side when they put pressure on their friends to do something like to smoke, drink, and do drugs. In most cases they tell their friends how to dress and act when around certain people. Love relationships just make it even harder for a teenager to get a good education. Some start to fail in school because they are hanging out with their boyfriend or girlfriend instead of doing their work. Throughout adolescence, teenagers are positively and negatively impacted by several relationships such as friends, family, and love relationships. Friends have a big influence on teenagers because they can say and do many of things to teenagers who think they were friends. They also start rumors and take their friends girlfriend or boyfriend and have them cheat on their friend. Some go out to drink, smoke, or to do drugs just to have fun but some think of driving home and most teenagers do not even make it to their driveways. Some teenagers who are so depressed about their social problems even think about committing suicide. Most start to hurt others turn into “goth’s” by dressing in all black. Many of depressed people show how they feel by dressing differently...
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...ensuring a positive experience for the mother, father, and family network. This paper provides a brief review of adolescent pregnancy and the general role of the healthcare provider. Keywords: adolescent pregnancy, healthcare provider in adolescent pregnancy Adolescent pregnancy has been delineated as a social problem worthy of addressing from a prevention perspective in the Healthy People 2020 national objectives (Office of Population Affairs, 2010). Pregnancy between the ages of 10 and 19 has been portrayed as a crisis and associated with negative emotional, physical, and financial repercussions. United States taxpayers incur about 9 billion dollars per year secondary to teen childbearing expenses (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). Although adolescent pregnancy is not ideal for most life trajectories, it does not have to be regarded as an all-encompassing, unfavorable life event. Nurses are the health care providers who have the most prolonged interactions with women during the pregnancy, birth, and postpartum period; hence, they have a paramount role in the wellness of childbearing adolescents (Mercer, 1990). Although the focus of health services is centered on the pregnant or birthing mother, nurses have direct interaction with the fathers and extended family and friends as well. Dallas (2009) suggests nurses are the most vital link between pregnant and parenting families and the clinical agency. The child birth experience, whether positive or...
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...Aim The aim of the study was to report the findings of the treatment of a five-year-old boy for his phobia of horses. Procedure/Method Freud used a case study method to investigate Little Hans? Phobia. However the case study was actually carried out by the boy?s father who was a friend and supporter of Freud. Freud probably only met the boy once. The father reported to Freud via correspondence and Freud gave directions as how to deal with the situation based on his interpretations of the father?s reports. Freud noted that it was the special relationship between Hans and his father that allowed the analysis to progress and for the discussions with the boy to be so detailed and so intimate. The first reports of Hans are when he was 3 years old. Findings/Results The first reports of Hans are when he was 3 years old when he developed an active interest in his ?widdler? (penis), and also those of other people. For example on one occasion he asked ? Mummy, have you got a widdler too?? When he was about three years and six months old his mother told him not to touch his widdler or else she would call the doctor to come and cut it off. Around the same time, Hans? mother gave birth to his sister Hanna, and Hans expressed jealousy towards her though this disappeared after a few months. When Hans was almost 5, Hans? father wrote to Freud explaining his concerns about Hans. He described the main problem as follows: ?He is afraid a horse will bite him in the street, and this fear seems...
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...is a process where a biological parent/s of child is dead or is unable to provide for the child and in other cases if the parent is reluctant to provide for the child. It aims to make a parent-child relationship, thus the adopting parents have the obligation to provide for the adopted child support, and they are also recognised for the purposes of inheritance rights and custody.. Y dated X for a period of two weeks and they later broke. However after two months X realised she is pregnant, she eventually gave birth. During the entire gestation period Y was not aware, five months later after the birth of her child X requested Y’s permission to give away her new-born. As a result of shock Y expectedly consented, however he later rationalised things and realised he made mistake. However a couple J and H have already prepared to receive the new-born. This paper will provide legal advice to Y, it is going to make mention of the potential arguments X and J and H might put. And also it will explicitly look at the child’s best interest. As a result of a series of situations several people have children out of wedlock, similar to Y and X situation. Since these circumstances do not involve asserts for distribution the crucial subject is mostly about maintenance, child support (father mostly), father’s right to contact with the child, often the mother limits or denies the father that right. However children are the ones who are violated in these situations. In the Children’s Act the focus...
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...Case Study 1. Review the four principles of sex-linked inheritance listed just before the case study. Which individuals in figure 5.2 demonstrate principle 1? Bill, Terry, Greg, and Jenny. 2. Which individuals in figure 5.2 represent principle 2? Carl, Terry, and Greg. 3. Which individuals in figure 5.2 represent principle Florence, Jessica, Terry, and Greg. 4. Why are none of the males in figure 5.2 shown as carriers of hemophilia? Males cannot carry hemophilia because it is an X-linked disease and males only have a single X chromosome. If the male has an X, he has the disease. 5. What is the probability that Marcy and Tom will have any child with hemophilia (irrespective of sex)? Show how you calculate this. The probability of Marcy and Tom having a child with hemophilia is 12.5%. This is because Marcy has a 50% chance of being a carrier. Marcy’s children in turn have a 50% chance of receiving a copy of the X chromosome. Thus, there is a 25% chance that any of the children would receive a copy of the recessive X allele from Marcy. Tom does not have hemophilia, so we know that the gene on his X chromosome is normal. Therefore, only Marcy and Tom’s sons could have hemophilia. The total probability of Marcy and Tom having a child with hemophilia is 12.5% which brakes down mathematically (0.5)(0.5)(0.5) = .125. 6. Suppose Marcy becomes pregnant and has an amniocentesis, a prenatal cell-sampling technique that can identify the sex of a child (among...
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