...NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF GRADE EIGHT STUDENTS OF GUEVARA HIGHSCHOOL IN RELATION TO THEIR ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE A Project Paper Presented to PROF. MYREL M. SANTIAGO In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Subject in Methods of Research Submitted by: Ana S. Transifiguracion Ria Marie M. Reyes Major in Technology and Livelihood Education Chapter I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction Nutrition is the result of the processes whereby the body takes in and uses food for growth, development and maintenance of health. Nutrition can also affect the body’s ability to resist disease, the length of one’s life and the state of one’s physical and mental well-being. Promoting good nutrition helps children grow, promotes human development and advances economic growth and eradication of poverty. Studies have shown that proper nutrition has a direct effect on student performance and behavior in school In many studies, cases of socioeconomic status seem to be an indicator of food insufficiency, which is simply the lack of available food to a household. Food insufficiency has been shown to directly affect children’s cognitive development. (Nutrition And Its Effects On Academic Performance How Can Our Schools Improve? By Amy Ross ) Poor nutrition on the other hand, is a chronic problem linked to poverty, poor nutrition understanding and practices, and deficient sanitation and food security. Lack of proper nutrition contributes to worse class...
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...of the research is to propose a physiological rationale for the positive correlation between alanine transaminase activity and body mass. Body weight status is determined with reference to the body mass index. Those with a BMI ranging between 18-24.99 kg/m2 are considered healthy. Individuals falling within the 25.00-29.99 kg/m2 category are classified as overweight while obesity is reserved for those reaching or exceeding a body mass index of 30 kg/m2. A well-documented example of metabolically driven weight gain exists physiologically. When females approach menarche, their bodies attempt to conserve energy via the development of adequate adipose tissue reserves. This metabolic phenomenon has also evolved to accumulate enough energy stores that in the event of conception, adequate resources would be available to sustain pregnancy It is likely that metabolic processes that drive weight gain are multiplicative, employing a variety of different pathways of energy metabolism. An earlier paper published on this topic identified the hepatic enzyme, alanine transaminase, as a strongest predictor of body mass index of all observed variables. It is possible to deduce that individuals with higher levels of the enzyme may be more efficient at alanine recycling. In these individuals, it seems likely that a greater portion of the substrate, in this case alanine, is reversibly converted back into pyruvate. This may result in a greater input of pyruvate into the citric acid cycle...
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...Scholars have been conducting studies on the physical differences between white and black athletes for many decades. However, there is still no concrete evidence that these physical differences are the contributing reason for the so-called athletic superiority of blacks. In a study published in the journal "Medical & Science in Sports & Exercise," the architectural characteristics of muscle in black and white college football players were compared. This study was conducted by Professor Takashi Abe, Professor James Brown, and Professor William Brechue , who studied thirteen black college football players and thirty-one white college football players. At the beginning of the study, the authors alluded to the fact that blacks had a greater percentage of type II muscle fibers but reiterated that there was not much scientific evidence beyond that. However, they believed that muscle architecture could possibly be linked to improved sports performance and were hoping to use this study to prove that. They looked at a variety of physical characteristics, including muscle thickness at thirteen anatomical sites, body mass index, and the isolated muscle thicknesses and fascicle pennation angles of the triceps, vastus lateralis, and gastrocnemius medialis. Muscle thickness was measured using a B-mode ultrasound, and body density was measured using a oxygen dilution method. Vertical jump and 40-yard dash time were also measured. The results of this study were somewhat surprising. Only the...
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...Is sugar related to obesity and medical disorders associated in the American society? In order to become fully aware of the link between sugars and diabetes, we have to look at the features and nature of sugar. Sugar is a generalized name for a crystalline carbohydrate that is simple, edible and has a sweet flavor. The main types of sugar are sucrose, lactose, fructose and glucose. Glucose, also referred to as blood sugar is the one that circulates in the blood. Table sugar and fruits contain sucrose and fructose respectively. During the process of digestion, carbohydrates break down into glucose, which is the only form of sugar that the body absorbs. Sugars are involved in various body processes and intake should be per body requirements. An excess or a shortage of sugars usually leads to manifestation of a disease (Lustig, 2013). In this case, we will investigate the effects of over-consuming sugars and their contribution to obesity and related health illnesses...
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...lost because they become obsessed with food. A person who suffers from obesity follows an unhealthy diet, and has an eating disorder all at the same time, and that is how they eventually end up with Bulimia. This illness which is when the person binges on food or has regular episodes of over eating and feels out of control. The person then uses different method such as vomiting or abusing laxatives to prevent weight gain. The case study that I am going to be researching and writing a paper on is Bulimia nervosa and how it can be extremely harmful for the body. The study focuses on how physical exercise can help overweight patients with bulimia. Also whether it is beneficial or if it is not beneficial for those who suffer from it. This case also demonstrated what physical exercise can do to them in six weeks which is from a study that was done on obese women. The purpose of the research is to tell that obesity has been identified as a risk factor for the development of bulimia nervosa (BM) in those who try to lose weight. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of walking exercises in order to provide a method for overcoming bulimia nervosa in obese young women suffering from it. The...
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...Abstract Uterine cancer accounts for 6% of all female cancers. The metastasis of cancer can be influenced by several different risk factors. Among these risk factors, obesity is prevalent in uterine cancer patients. Through research, it has been found that adipose tissue stores and releases hormones, more so after menopause. Excess estrogen, provided by excess adipose tissue, puts females at a much higher risk for uterine cancer. Statistically, the chance of developing uterine cancer doubles when obese. Obesity is a major risk factor to be taken into account when analyzing uterine cancer. Abnormally high contents of adipose tissue can be modified through lifestyle changes. The battle against cancer is an on-going effort that is constantly being improved and modified. Various types of medical research allow advancements in knowledge for cancer prevention. Through research, cancer risk factors are being identified; this provides health care professionals with beneficial information that can lead to cancer prevention or aid in cancer treatments. Different cancers have different risk factors; a risk factor is anything that raises or lowers your chance of getting a disease such as cancer (American Cancer Society, 2015). While there is no exact known cause for certain caners, such as uterine cancer, there are certain risk factors that are related to the prognosis of the disease. (Turkington, 2012). As stated by Chiang (2013), “uterine cancer is defined as...
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...PHYSICAL FITNESS PERFORMANCE OF THE BPE STUDENTS Chapter 1 Introduction to the Study Chapter one is divided into five parts; namely: (1) Background and Theoretical Framework of the Study, (2) Statement of the Problem and the Hypothesis, (3) Significance of the Study, (4) Definition of Terms, and (5) Scope of Delimitation of the Study. Part One, Background and Theoretical Framework of the Study, presents the rationale for the choice of the problem and presents the Theoretical Framework upon which this study was anchored. Part Two, Statement of the Problem and the Hypothesis, enumerates the general and specific questions answered in the study and states the hypothesis tested. Part Three, Significance of the Study, identifies the beneficiaries and benefits that could be derived from the results of the study. Part Four, Definitions of Terms, gives the conceptual and operational meanings of the important terms used in the study. Part Five, Scope and Delimitation of the Study, specifies the coverage and limitations of the study. Background and Theoretical Framework of the Study The human body is a perfect work of art for its symmetry & proportion. It can handle innumerable tasks ranging from the light to heavy up to the simple to intricate one wayback prehistoric times. The interest of man towards the “human body” was been the subject of several investigations as documented by paintings &...
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...as an important player in the battle with childhood obesity, it is important that educators are aware of the health risks and that they learn what they can do to change the situation. The Center for Disease Control Website distinguishes between the terms overweight and obesity. The term overweight refers to a person with a weight that is high compared to others his same height and technically has nothing to do with an individual’s amount of body fat. For example someone could have a higher weight due to having lots of muscle mass (Defining). In consideration of this, one source points out that it is probably more accurate to say that someone is overfat when referring to a condition of having too much body fat (Insel and Roth, 237). Obesity on the other hand is defined as “an excessively high amount of body fat…in relation to lean body mass” (Defining). The prevalence of obesity in America rose 11 percentage points between 1991 and 2003, especially among African-Americans and young Mexican-Americans (James). Another study was conducted comparing the time period of 1988-1994 to 1999- 2000. Between these two periods, the percentage of overweight children rose an average of 4.1 percentage points for groups of kids between the ages of two and 19. The most...
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...effect does it has to the other variable (Triola, 2010). In this research the author looks on the relationship between a person who do not sleep or get quality sleep and their body weight. There was a study which highlighted a correlation between lack of sleep and increase in body weight. In the study with the women 40 – 60 years old, it was concluded that after studying their eating and sleeping pattern for 5-7 years women who had trouble falling asleep gained approximately 11 pounds. In the other study with the younger men, they studied their sleeping patterns for two consecutive days one day eight hour sleep and the other day four hour sleep. The researchers reported an increase in calorie intake (approximately 560 more) after sleeping for four days significantly more than the person who slept for eight hours. The two variables we have in this scenario is lack of sleep and increase in body weight, for these two variables to be correlated they must be linked or dependent on each other. Although the writer shows studies to show that when there is lack of sleep there is increase in appetite there can be other variables that determine the results such as location, body mass, individuals’ state of mind and age. According to the text the relationship between these two variables is weak and negative. The study is not conclusive because there is no data to prove that an increase in sleep will reduce weight. Although there is a correlation between not getting quality sleep and gaining...
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...the procedure in making this report. At last, we thank Officer-in-charge in Omar-Sultan Computer lab that provided us important tips in using various computer applications, software in preparing this report. We acknowledge the special assistance provided by Md. Masud Ahmed, System Engineer of ELB Cyber Cafe, Khilghon and Dhaka. Executive Summary In the report we have tried to show the application of the statistical tools upon the general index or all share index of DSE for the year 2003. To achieve the purpose, first of all we have collected the data for the year 2003. Then we have edited the data for the accuracy test. As we have collected the secondary data directly from the DSE the accuracy of the information is in a reasonable standard. Then we have tried to show the application of the statistical tools which are presented in the body part of the report in different chapters. Those chapters contain Presentation of data, Measurement of central tendency, Measurement of dispersion & Major findings. The body part is also supported by a up going methodology and proper graphs and charts when they are subject to the topic. Lastly, the report contains a appendix part that shows the list of tables and graphs which will facilitate the readers to find out those tables and graphs related to the...
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...Reasons there is Obesity in America. Norma A. England COMM/215 March 2, 2014 David Libhart Reasons there is Obesity in America. Obesity in America is a growing problem, doubling the percentage of people affected since 1990. (Menifield, 2008). Two thirds of Americans considered obese, having a body mass index of thirty and above. (Ward-Smith, 2010). In 2000, obese people cost the country 117 billion dollars, 61 billion dedicated to medical bills. People who are obese suffer from many medical conditions and cost more money to insure medically. Medical insurance/rates for an obese person are 36% more than they are for a healthy individual. (Ward-Smith, 2010). Obesity will continue to grow in America as long as diets remain the same, fast food addictions continue, openness to surgery stays and the sugarcoated speeches to overweight people continue. Background The average American consumes 500-800 calories more than what they need on a daily basis. (Marks, 2004). This type of overeating on a daily basis creates a day-to-day diet that is unhealthy. In America, we are aware of what our diets should be. We as a group, have an understanding that we need to work on portion control. We have doctors, nutritionists, fitness experts and more all available either in person or online. The problem we face is that we also have fake information and fad diets that promise unhealthy and unrealistic results. The Internet is full of detox drinks, frozen meals, pills and more that...
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... Abstract Breast cancer continues to be a major cause of cancer deaths in women. Based on recent studies the prevalence of overweight and obesity in almost every country has been increased. Estrogen is manly responsible for the elevated risk for breast cancer in obese women. Also the other tow mediators that are held responsible are adipokine leptin and insulin -like growth factor-I, IGF-I. Experiments demonstrated a mitogenic role of these three mediator an cell proliferation. The data in the article shows a stimulative effect of substances produce by the adipose tissue on the breast cancer. Body weight cell specific proliferation suggests that obesity related adipokines and mediators enhance cell proliferation and increase the risk for breast cancer. A couple guidelines and recommendations that help to prevent obesity are physical activity and diets. Obesity is associated with poorer survival in women with breast cancer, regardless of menopausal status. The purpose of this study was to determine if the associations of obesity with breast-cancer specific, all cause, and non-breast cancer mortality differ from between Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women with breast cancer. Also some other recent studies have shown that elevated BMI may be associated with breast cancer treatment-related lymphedema. Introduction Cancer is a disease of the cells in the body, fundamentally genetic. Cancer is defined as “ a malignant form of tumors which are tissue masses that arise...
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...Sociology of food Introduction Sociology of food encompasses the study of the past, present and future development of society with respect to food. Such aspects of food that would be studied may relate to the availability, realization and impact on the health, social, economic and political stability of the society. With respect to a society certain foods are also consumed in adherence to certain religious beliefs, medical purposes or to honour other cultural festivals. Similarly certain kinds of food would be unheard of or even a taboo in a society. Literature Review The dawn of the 21st century has witnessed tremendous increase in the number of illnesses associated with eating traits that are considered unhealthy. Of particular interest were those eating habits that rendered some members of the society overweight or obese. Until recently such illnesses were considered to be associated with the middle aged upper social and the aging group of western world. Contrary to this belief, the problem of obesity has increasingly been witnessed across the rest of the world including the less developed countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America and across people of lower ages. This necessitated the search for other means to explain this trend. Unlike lower forms of life human beings have brains that enable them not only to respond to influences but to understand and give meanings to these influences based on individual’s interpretations [Herman, 1994, p. 2]. This is a phenomenon...
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...Developing Interprofessional Skills in Health Promotion & Public Health Practice. Unit 1 Assignment 1 Epidemiology and Health Promotion Epidemiology and Health Promotion 2008 Introduction Epidemiology can be defined as ‘the study of the distribution and determinants of disease in communities’ (Ewles and Simnett, 2003, p108). It can provide health promoters with valuable information about the health of a population, assisting with the identification of particular health issues in a community. ‘Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health’ (WHO, 1984). This assignment will examine four data statements in more depth to determine if the data could be used to inform the development of health promotion interventions. Data 1 260,000 people in South east have type 2 diabetes. Source Diabetes UK • What additional information would be needed? To ascertain what information would make the data statement more meaningful, it is initially important to consider what demographic details are needed. Demography is ‘the study of the statistics about a population, such as birth, death and age profile’ (Ewles and Simnett, 2003, p 334). The figure of ‘260,000 people’ omits details of the population; it would be prudent to discover the age range, ethnicity, occupation and sex, of this group. Analysing the demographic and socio-economic data whilst examining links between deprivation...
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... Elderly Nutrition | | | Name Institution 1. As Betsy ages, how has her body composition changed from when she was 50 years old until now? Betsy, nutrition is a very important aspect for you because it immensely affects your aging process. This is because when you were 50 years old you had greater metabolism and more physical activity but now at 79 years you have less functional status, decreased bone mass, less cognitive function, impaired muscle function, and poor wound healing ability. This means that your body has become less capable of being able to absorb nutrients on its own. 2. Based on Betsy’s scenario, what are at least two physiologic and at least two non-physiologic factors that are impacting her nutritional and health status? Betsy at your age, your appetite level and energy expenditure is reduced because of lesser biological and physiological functions. These include changes in the levels of cytokine, lesser body mass, changes in hormonal levels, greater delays in gastric emptying, and also you may experience a diminishing sense of taste and smell. Other non-physiological factors impacting on your health are those which are biological in nature such as reduction in secretions of gastric juices which help your body to absorb minerals and vitamins from the food you eat. There is also the issue of structural changes of the pancreases with old age. 3. Based on Betsy’s scenario...
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