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Submitted By brunette7285
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Kingdom Plantae

All land plants experience alternation of generations. Two distinct phases exist: A diploid sporophyte alternates with a haploid gametophyte. (In reality these phases represent two body forms of the same organism).

The gametophyte produces gametes (eggs and/or sperm). A diploid sporophyte produces spores by meiosis.

Sporophytes and gametophytes look distinctly different from one another (heteromorphic).

Mosses and Ferns
Phylum Hepatophyta (Liverworts)

The plants are called liverworts because they look like a human liver. They are very small and you’ll find them growing on rocks that are next to freshwater streams.

Activity: Examine Marchantia. The body of this plant is called a thallus. The thallus is the gametophyte portion of the life cycle. Identify the gemma cups. Inside the gemma cup is gemmae. The gemmae get dislodged by splashing water. If they land on a suitable substrate, they grow into new thalli. [pic] kingdomplantae.blogspot.com

Phylum Bryophyta (Mosses)

Mosses grow on trees, rocks and soil. They have a wide variety of human uses, the most common one being a soil additive to potting soil and as a major component of peat, which is used for fuel in some parts of the world. Notice that the sporophyte remains attached to the gametophyte. The gametophyte continues to provide nutrition for the sporophyte. In the mosses the gametophyte is the dominant and conspicuous portion of the life cycle.

Activity: Examine Polytrichum. Polytrichum is dioecious, meaning that there are separate male and female plants.

[pic] www.istockphoto.com/stock-photo-2312834-moss-...

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