...In response to the rapid industrialization western farmers retaliated politically with the birth of the Populist Party while urban industrial workers responded to industrialization with the formation of labor unions and...
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...Labor Economics Research Subject: Labor Strikes Date: 6th July 2012 Done By: Hala Aziz Heba Elgendy Presented to: DR.Doaa salman Contents Introduction Definition How does the strike develop? Why a strike? Causes of strikes Types of strike Strike affect in Diff Countries Strikes number in Different Countries How Were the First Labor Unions Formed? Who wins in strike? Case study Conclusion and recommendation Bros and Cons of Strike Action References Introduction: This study is about strikes phenomena, its definition, reasons, types, and whether these strikes are for good or bad, and also who will benefit from it. Also we’ll discuss a real case study that shows the real effect of strike and whether it’s for good or bad. Definition A strike is a very powerful weapon used by trade unions and other labour associations to get their demands accepted. This is done through a process called Collective Bargaining Process (CBP), which includes negotiations between the two parties (employees’ representatives and employer’s representatives). Often employees are represented in the bargaining by a union or other labour organization. The main responsibility of the CBP is to resolving individual or group disputes. How does the strike develop? A strike generally involves quitting of work by a group of workers for the purpose of bringing the pressure on their employer...
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...HISTORY SUMMARY 1865-19901865-1900In the years following the Civil War the United States was transformed by the enormous growth of industry. Once, the United States was mainly a nation of small farms. By 1900, it was a nation of growing cities, of coal, steel, and of engines and fast communications. Though living standards generally rose, millions of industrial workers lived in crowded, unsanitary slums.In the north, industrial violence was common and occurred on numerous occasions. The most violent confrontation between labor and employers was probably the Great Railway Strike of 1877. The nation had been in the grip of a severe depression for four years. During that time, the railroads had decreased the wages of railway workers by 20 percent. Many trainmen complained that they could not support their families adequately, and there was little that the trainmen could do about the wage decreases. At that time, unions were weak and workers feared going on strike; there were too many unemployed men who might take their jobs. Some workers secretly formed a Trainmen's Union to oppose the railroads. In the last quarter of the century, the textile, metal, and machinery industries equaled the railroads in size. In 1870, the typical iron and steel firm employed fewer than 100 workers. Thirty years later, the force was four times as large. By 1900, more than 1,000 factories had work forces ranging from 500 to 1,000 workers. From 1860 to 1900 some 15 million immigrants from southern and...
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...Part C Section Two: Structure and Written Expression 1. The role of the ear is acoustic disturbances into neural signals suitable for transmission to the brain. A) to code B) so that coded (C) coded (D) it coding 2. The imagist movement in poetry arose during the second decade of the twentieth century against romanticism, A) when a revolt B) as a revolt C) a revolt was D) that a revolt 3. Virtually species have biological clocks that regulate their metabolism over a 24-hour period. A) all there are B) all C) all are D) they all 4. According to United States criminal law, insanity may relieve a person from the usual legal consequences A) what his or her acts have B) of his or her acts are C) of his or her acts D) what of his or her acts 5. In addition to a place where business deals are made, a stock exchange collects statistics, publishes price quotations, and sets rules and standards for trading. A) being B) it is C) that which D) where is 6. The first inhabitants of the territories Canada came across the Bering Strait and along the edge of the Arctic ice. A) make up that now B) make up now that (C) that make up now (D) that now make up 7. need for new schools following the Second World War that provided the sustained thrust for the architectural program in Columbus, Indiana. A) Since the B) To be the C) The D) It was the 8. The soybean contains vitamins, essential minerals...
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...On Bread and Circuses: Food Subsidy Reform and Popular Opposition in Egypt Ram Sachs Advisor: Professor Lisa Blaydes Center for International Security and Cooperation Stanford University May 21, 2012 ii Abstract In January 1977, Egyptian President Anwar al-Sadat faced tremendous public protest after implementing relatively small changes to the country’s food subsidy regime. In contrast, during the 1980s, and more aggressively in the 1990s, the government of Hosni Mubarak implemented more consequential reductions to subsidies on core food items while avoiding popular protest on a similar scale. I argue that the Mubarak regime engaged in covert price increases, distribution controls, temporary policy reversals, and repression, which allowed it to successfully reduce food subsidies without igniting regime-threatening public opposition during this period. Following the January 2011 revolution, further reform efforts are unlikely as the transitional democratic politics and the increased number of political participants will block change in the short term. iii iv Acknowledgements This thesis has served to unite my academic experience at Stanford. Four years of preparation, and the past year of writing, have produced this exploration of food, politics, and the Middle East. The CISAC Honors Program has provided a fantastic interdisciplinary home for this pursuit. I am thankful to Professors Blacker and Crenshaw for their guidance in this yearlong process. I...
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...of the most hazardous at the time. They knew how to survive. The plains Indians depended buffalo. They can kill and take only what they need and use the entire kill. The Whites left the carcass. It was used by them for clothes, tools, food, shelter, ect. Before the horse the NA would hunt them by running them over a cliff or scaring them into a trap. The Spanish introduces the horse to them. They discovered that it was a great work and hunting animal. They were migratory and would travel with the food source. Some tribes would be sever thousand people but would break into smaller bands of 500 to 700. Ever band had their own government. This created conflict in territory, fishing rights, and food. They did have a division of labor, Men hunted, fished, traded, supervised ceremonies. Med would clear ground for planning but women would do the planting. Women cared for children, grew gardens, took care of the camp, The women would take the...
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...Dissent is a feeling or philosophy of non-agreement or opposition to a prevailing idea or institution. It is older than the United States, serving as a privilege and obligation to its citizens. The history of the United States is an ideal example of how dissent ultimately changes society by offering new ideas and perspective. Important issues that dissenters advocated such as taxation, slavery, women’s rights, civil rights, and anti-war sentiments define America. In order for a society to be successful, it must encourage dissent and protect the rights of its dissenters. Dissenters fought to create change and gain rights they believed were denied to them and others. Religious dissent forced European groups such as the Quakers and Puritans, who were persecuted for their beliefs, to seek life in the colonies. During the Pre-Revolutionary Age, Christianity affected all aspects of an individual’s life. Christianity was the basis of decision making in politics and society. Governments often ruled over their subjects, with the notion that they had approval from God and would therefore be granted his mercy for slaughtering innocent individuals, whether it was through crusades or witch hunts. At the time of the seventeenth century, kings and queens final decisions ruled which branch of Christianity to follow; with the constant upheaval in rulers, and exile towards Protestants during the Catholic era and Calvinists during the Church of England era, radical religious ideals began...
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...Ch r i s t i n e Ro e ll Intercultural Training with Films ilms are a great medium to use not only to practice English, but also to facilitate intercultural learning. Today English is a global language spoken by people from many countries and cultural backgrounds. Since culture greatly impacts communication, it is helpful for teachers to introduce lessons and activities that reveal how different dialects, forms of address, customs, taboos, and other cultural elements influence interaction among different groups. Numerous films contain excellent examples of intercultural communication and are highly useful resources for teachers. Additional reasons for teachers to incorporate films in class and encourage their students to watch movies in English include: • Films combine pleasure and learning by telling a story in a way that captures and holds the viewer’s interest. • Films simultaneously address different senses and cognitive channels. For example, spoken language is supported by visual elements that make it easier for students to understand the dialogues and the plot. • Students are exposed to the way people actually speak. 2 2010 N u m b e r F • Films involve the viewers, appeal to their feelings, and help them empathize with the protagonists. • DVDs usually come with subtitles in English, which facilitates understanding and improves reading skills. After discussing the importance of teaching intercultural communication and suggesting films that match specific cultural...
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...Introduction: In economics, inflation is a sustained increase in the general price level of goods and srvices in an economy over a period of time. When the price level rises, each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services. Consequently, inflation reflects a reduction in the purchasing power per unit of money – a loss of real value in the medium of exchange and unit of account within the economy. The difference between inflation and a change in price of a particular good or service is that inflation reflects a general and overall increase in price across the whole economy In general, Inflation is caused by some combination of four factors. Those four factors are: Supply goes up or Supply of goods and services goes down or Demand for money goes down or Demand for goods and service goes up Inflation affects an economy in various ways, both positive and negative. Negative effects of inflation include an increase in the opportunity cost of holding money, uncertainty over future inflation which may discourage investment and savings, and if inflation were rapid enough, shortages of goods as consumers begin hoarding out of concern that prices will increase in the future. Inflation also has positive effects: * Fundamentally, inflation gives everyone an incentive to spend and invest, because if they don't, their money will be worth less in the future. This increase in spending and investment can benefit the economy. However it may also lead to sub-optimal use of resources...
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...FIN 382 COMPANY ANALYSIS GROUP ASSIGNMENT PREPARED FOR : PUAN NORSALIZA BINTI ABU BAKAR PREPARED BY : KHAIRIL AZMAN BIN RADZALI 2010459076 DHARWIS BIN HASNIM 2010699142 MUHAMMAD FAIDI BIN SAFARRUDIN 2010408132 ELMIRUSHUDA BINTI AMERUDIN 2010248112 FAZLIAH NOOR BINTI MOHD FOUZI 2010834506 GROUP : JBM114 6A DUE DATE : 21st DECEMBER 2012 ECONOMY ANALYSIS 1.0 WORLD ECONOMY The world economy can be evaluated in various ways, depending on the model used, and this valuation can then be represented in various ways. It is inseparable from the geography and ecology of Earth, and is therefore somewhat of a misnomer, since, while definitions and representations of the "world economy" vary widely, they must at a minimum exclude any consideration of resources or value based outside of the Earth. For example, while attempts could be made to calculate the value of currently unexploited mining opportunities in unclaimed territory in Antarctica, the same opportunities on Mars would not be considered a part of the world economy – even if currently exploited in some way – and could be considered of latent value only in the same way as uncreated intellectual property, such as a previously unconceived invention. It is common to limit questions of the world economy exclusively to human economic activity, and the world economy is typically judged in monetary terms, even in cases in which there is no efficient market to help valuate certain goods or services,...
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...Global Business Plan Week 7-Final Draft Subway in Colombia 04/15/2012 Table of Contents Content Page Number Table of Contents 2 Executive Summary 3 Module 1: Identifying Global Opportunities 4 Module 2: Analyzing International Competitors 7 Module 3: Assessing the Economic/Geographic Environment 10 Module 4: Assessing the Sociocultural Environment 13 Module 5: Assessing the Political Legal Environment 15 Module 6: Selecting a Global Company Structure 18 Module 7: Financing Sources for Global Business Operations 22 Module 8: Creating a Global MIS (Management Information System) 25 Module 9: Identifying Human Resources for Global Business Activities 27 Module 10: Managing International Financial and Business Risks 29 Module 11: Product Target Market Planning for Foreign Markets 31 Module 12: Designing a Global Distribution Strategy 32 Module 13: Planning a Global Promotion Strategy 36 Module 14: Selecting an International Pricing Strategy 38 Module 15: Determining Organizational Financial Results 41 Module 16: Measuring International Business Success 42 Conclusion 43 Bibliography EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (Created by John Isles) During the course of this business plan, many of the benefits of opening up a Subway restaurant in Colombia will be illustrated. Among the first items presented will be an analysis of startup costs. After a brief summary of the initial costs required, these...
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...Germany is located in the Western and Central part of Europe. The Capital is Berlin that is also the largest city in the country. Other large cities in the country include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne and Frankfurt. Germany is part of the European Union, out of all the states that make up the European Union Germany is one of the most populous countries and has the largest economies. We chose to export peanut butter to Germany, because it is a rare item to find in the country. The German people are more familiar with a product called Nutella. Nutella is a creamy Chocolate hazelnut spread that is used on all food such as breads, fruits and more. Peanut Butter and Co offer a variety of product but one similar product to Nutella is their “Dark Chocolate Dream” peanut butter. Peanut Butter & Co could have an advantage over Nutella because recently the price of Nutella rose due to a shortage of hazelnuts. The Dark Chocolate Dream as well as the other peanut products they contains no cholesterol, no trans fats, no hydrogenated oils, and no high-fructose corn syrup. It is also gluten-free, certified vegan, and certified kosher. Since the Germans are all about eating healthy with no artificial additives this product will be a perfect fit in the country. The United States has to follow regulations and directives form the FDA. Germany also has to follow strict protocols in order to receive products from outside countries, called the European Union. As a member of the European Union (EU) they...
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...Course Study Notes: hsctutoringnotes@outlook.com MODERN HISTORY Topics World War One Germany Albert Speer The Cold War 1 Course Study Notes: hsctutoringnotes@outlook.com World War One Themes War on the Western Front Home Fronts in Britain and Germany Turning Points of the War The Allied Victory 2 Course Study Notes: hsctutoringnotes@outlook.com War on the Western Front Reasons for the development of the Stalemate A stalemate is an end of a war movement. It refers to the deadlock resulting from high levels of defence. The stalemate developed from four major reasons: i. The Faults of the Schlieffen Plan ii. The Faults of Plan XVII iii. Problems with Communications and Tactics iv. Problems with the High Command • The Faults in • There was an incredible reliance on speed – quick defeat of the France and a slow response by Russia Schlieffen • Unexpectedly strong resistance by Belgian forces – sabotaged Plan railway lines • Strong resistance from French • Troops were diverted from the West to the Eastern front • The “hammer swing” was shortened, so they approached Paris from the East which was expected • The Treaty of London was disregarded as a scrap of paper • Germans weren’t adequately trained for modern warfare strategies • The Faults in • French underestimated number of soldiers available to Plan XVII Germany • French were preoccupied with revenge for Alsace-Lorraine • Insufficient forces were given to the French...
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...CALIFORNIA CALIFORNIA An Interpretive History TENTH EDITION James J. Rawls Instructor of History Diablo Valley College Walton Bean Late Professor of History University of California, Berkeley TM TM CALIFORNIA: AN INTERPRETIVE HISTORY, TENTH EDITION Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Previous editions © 2008, 2003, and 1998. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the United States. This book is printed on acid-free paper. 1234567890 QFR/QFR 10987654321 ISBN: 978-0-07-340696-1 MHID: 0-07-340696-1 Vice President & Editor-in-Chief: Michael Ryan Vice President EDP/Central Publishing Services: Kimberly Meriwether David Publisher: Christopher Freitag Sponsoring Editor: Matthew Busbridge Executive Marketing Manager: Pamela S. Cooper Editorial Coordinator: Nikki Weissman Project Manager: Erin Melloy Design Coordinator: Margarite Reynolds Cover Designer: Carole Lawson Cover Image: Albert Bierstadt, American (born...
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...User SONPR:Job EFF01417:6264_ch01:Pg 0:23907#/eps at 100% *23907* Fri, Nov 9, 2001 11:52 AM part I Introduction User SONPR:Job EFF01417:6264_ch01:Pg 1:21266#/eps at 100% *21266* Fri, Nov 9, 2001 11:52 AM C H A P T E R The Science of Macroeconomics The whole of science is nothing more than the refinement of everyday thinking. — Albert Einstein 1 O N E 1-1 What Macroeconomists Study Why have some countries experienced rapid growth in incomes over the past century while others stay mired in poverty? Why do some countries have high rates of inflation while others maintain stable prices? Why do all countries experience recessions and depressions—recurrent periods of falling incomes and rising unemployment—and how can government policy reduce the frequency and severity of these episodes? Macroeconomics, the study of the economy as a whole, attempts to answer these and many related questions. To appreciate the importance of macroeconomics, you need only read the newspaper or listen to the news. Every day you can see headlines such as INCOME GROWTH SLOWS, FED MOVES TO COMBAT INFLATION, or STOCKS FALL AMID RECESSION FEARS. Although these macroeconomic events may seem abstract, they touch all of our lives. Business executives forecasting the demand for their products must guess how fast consumers’ incomes will grow. Senior citizens living on fixed incomes wonder how fast prices will rise. Recent college graduates looking for jobs hope that the economy...
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