...George Bush’s speech addressing the 9/11 attack on the World Trade Center in New York City, one of the most crucial attacks against the United States in the countries’ history. At the time he addresses the nation, the attack was already over. Bush’s career started as governor of Texas in 1995 and in 2000 he resigned as governor of Texas, to run for the presidency. He was the president of the United States at the time of the attack on the World Trade Center. In the speech address by former President Bush, he tries to persuade the American people that the country was attacked by terrorists and that he is doing everything in his power to help the citizens of the nation. He talks about how America was attack because they are known for their opportunities...
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...In the war against terrorism, public opinion plays a crucial role. The attacks transformed public opinion and reshaped Bush’s image, the public expressed a stronger willingness to use military force battle terrorism. The Bush administration played a role in successfully convincing the public to support the war by linking terrorism and al Qaeda. Thus, framing the war on Iraq and connecting it with 9/11. Framing the issue this way became a central part of the administration’s discussion of terrorism, America wanted immediate action taken. The fight against terror became a manhunt. This changed the way Americans thought about terrorist organizations and Islam itself. The climate of fear instilled a retaliation wanted by America, the decision to...
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...state from definable threats and maintain the status quo. This is a positivist approach which was based on rationalism and realism. The Copenhagen School presented an alternative view of security studies by responding to the traditional approach of forming a clear sense of ‘what is security’. This approach is defined in three mechanisms: development of sectors approach to security, developing a regional focus on security and critically engendering a social constructivist theory of security through securitization studies. This theory will be the main focus of this discussion. To achieve a critical discussion of what securitization really entails, this paper will use the case study of USA’s war on terrorism in Afghanistan. The approach used by the US government to fight against terrorism in Afghanistan and Iraq can be considered as a securitization approach which has led to a resulted in security problems in the two countries rather than solving the issue. Securitization of USA’s war on Afghanistan can be viewed in three perspectives: securitization by the president and the government, securitization by the media and securitization by the society. In this case, the paper will attempt to explain how sectors such as political, social and economic sectors influence or result in securitization. This will be done with a...
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...single act of terror since World War 2. Many in the Islamic community saw the attack, as an attack on “the symbolic heart of global capitalism” (Brown 04). 9/11 galvanised the American people, and less then 12 hours after the attacks, president Bush formally declared a “war on terror”. Overnight America’s relationships with Russia, China and India improved. Britain and Australia were also seen as close allies. President Bush and his supporters stressed the need to go on the offensive against terrorists, to deploy the U.S. military, and to promote democracy in the Middle East. (Gordon 07). The U.S is fighting a war on terror and must remain on the offensive. The Bush administration feel, that U.S. power is the foundation of global order, and the spread of democracy and freedom is the key to a safer and more peaceful world. (Gordon 06). Therefore I feel that neo-conservatism and Realism are the theories of International Relations that are most useful in understanding world politics today. Terrorism is a multi-faced problem and requires an aggressive and long-term solution. Any...
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...Is the War on Terror Justified? The War on Terror, also known as the Global War on Terrorism, refers to the international military campaign that started after the September 11 attacks on the United States. The United States led a coalition of other countries in a long but unsuccessful campaign to destroy al-Qaeda and other militant Islamist organizations. President George W. Bush first used the term "War on Terror" on September 20th, 2001.The phrase "War on Terror" has been used to specifically refer to the ongoing military campaign led by the U.S., UK and their allies against organizations and regimes identified by them as terrorist, and excludes other independent counter-terrorist operations and campaigns such as those by Russia and India....
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...on going it alone. John Kerry is running for president to answer the call to service - just as he has answered that call all his life. He was born on December 11, 1943 at Fitzsimons Army Hospital in Colorado. His father, Richard, volunteered in the Army Air Corps during World War II. His mother, Rosemary, was a lifelong community activist. As he was about to graduate from Yale, John Kerry volunteered to serve in Vietnam. His leadership, courage, and sacrifice earned him a Silver Star, a Bronze Star with Combat V, and three Purple Hearts. In Vietnam, John Kerry saw the lives of his fellow soldiers put at risk because some leaders in Washington were making bad decisions. When he returned home, he became a spokesman for Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW) and later co-founded Vietnam Veterans of America. John Kerry then went to work as a prosecutor, putting behind bars "the number two organized crime figure in New England." He fought for victims' rights and created programs for rape counseling. John Kerry was elected Lieutenant Governor in 1982. Two years later, he was elected to the United States Senate and has won reelection three-times since. In the Senate, John Kerry fought to strengthen our economy, improve...
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...In this essay I will argue that the ‘war on terror’ declared by the Bush administration and so assessed for the US; is not a just war. It fails in the central interrelated criteria of just cause and last resort for jus ad bellum, which I detail first through assessment of the Bush administration’s self-proclaimed just reasoning behind resorting to war against a concept, and the alternatives available to it, I will then detail its failure in the jus in bello criteria of discrimination and proportionality, reasoning through the case of drone warfare. Jus ad bellum I shall firstly focus on the crucial jus ad bellum principle of just cause, holding the only just cause for war to be self-defence . The USA and its allies suffered unjust, unprovoked terror attacks, notably to embassies and battleships, as well as ultimately the 9/11 disaster, and further possessed reputable evidence of other failed attacks. Thus this essay acknowledges that they were under-attack from a powerful and effective enemy, which could be reliably pinpointed as Al Qaeda. These attacks were focused on non-combatants in landmark locations; deliberate targeting for maximum terror spreading effect, which further represented an attack on western freedoms. Hence the assailant satisfied neither jus ad bellum, nor jus in bello, and without immediate and effective action there existed great potential for further unjust attacks. This was the Bush administration’s argument for sufficient reason to declare war in self-defence...
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...George Bush Speech Analysis Name: Institution: George Bush Speech Analysis In the evening of September 11 the year 2001, George Bush addressed the United States of America upon the incident of the terrorist attack that had occurred about 12 hours earlier. The attack would define the presidency of Bush that would lead to the changes in the foreign policies of America, the Iraq and Afghanistan interventions as well as years of how to combat terrorism controversies. The president wanted to assure Americans that they still had a functioning government, listing the support from other nations in the terrorism fight and promise and vow to bring those who were involved to justice. That was when men who were 19 in number colluded and worked together to highjack four airplanes that were heading for California. The essay below looks into the various aspects of the speech that the president presented mainly to comfort as well as encourage the Americans despite the attack, in the speech. It looks at the impacts of the address, his resent on the incident, his personality, in addition to his efforts to assure American citizens of the government’s industrious steps to protect them as well as the impacts that the speech had after the proposed counterterrorism measures that involved developing a robust national security as discussed in the paper. The President of America, George Bush addressed upon the unfortunate events of 9-11 that had unfolded in 2011 the month of September...
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...fourth amendment, the right to no unreasonable searches and seizures. After all, we live in a country whose majority population believes in privacy being a god given right. Since America was founded on privacy, it seems absurd that the government has to look over our shoulders for insight information. A prime example of how the government interferes with the privacy of taxpaying citizens is through the U. S. Patriot Act. Yes, it was designed to prevent future terrorist attacks but it seems as if there are much more cons than pros; the checks and balances simply do not equal out. The U.S. PATRIOT Act is an acronym for Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act. This provision was passed in 2001 very soon after the multiple terrorist acts on September 11th, 2001. Under the supervision of George W. Bush, the bill was passed through congress and was enacted on within an amazing 6 weeks! The bill can simply be summarized to allowing various government agencies the right to search telephone, e-mail, medical, financial, and other personal records of individuals that are suspected for suspicious behavior, and also for the monitoring of the whole public. It is as if the government created a pseudo-god, one that is omniscient and omnipresent. In one case, there was 16 year old Ashton Lundeby in Oxford, North...
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...Rhetorical analysis - Bush’s speech. On a cloudless fall day in September 2001, 19 terrorist attacked USA and made it into front pages of every newspaper in the entire world. The whole world’s population were shocked, and never before have people conjectured that the terrorists would attack the United States of America. Same evening, at the time president, George W. Bush held a speech, whose intention was to calm the U.S. population and to warn the terrorist and the rest of the world about an eventually war. Bush’s intentions with the speech is to calm the country, and be their president. Since Bush is the president, he already has a big ethos. However, he also points out in the speech, to underscores his ethos even more, that he has control over the situation, and that America does not need to be worry about theirs safety even though what just happened a few hours ago. He says:” Immediately following the first attack, I implemented our government's emergency response plans. Our military is powerful, and it is prepared.” He underscores that America is strong and powerful and that they are not afraid of the future because they can and will handle it. In addition, he also warns the terrorist about an eventually war with the same quote. The US is ready for war in any minutes, and they want to fight for peace and security and win the war against terrorism. The speech bears the mark of pathos in particular. In the first part of the speech, Bush keeps mention the victims and theirs...
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...Many historians throughout time have tried to capture the history of the United States, Howard Zinn the author of, “A People’s History of the United States” took on this feat in 1980s when he published his book. To begin with, the book starts off with the perspective of the Arawak Indians who met Columbus. Zinn tells us that the Europeans were very cruel to the Indians while on their quest for gold. The book then jumps to the year of 1619 when America started to transport slaves from Africa for free labor, by the 1800s America had over 10 million slaves. After, the book starts to highlight the American Revolution, Zinn believes it was a fight for power between Colonial Elites and England. America was able to fight the revolution because so many citizens were armed, allowing...
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...Not only have American soldiers captured countless Islamic terrorists since, but also a leader, Saddam Hussein. By battling with Iraq and Afghanistan, the United States (U.S.) has captured thousands of prisoners with the potential knowledge of upcoming terror attacks. These prisoners have been notoriously known for their intelligence of Al Qaeda operations, and the location of terrorist headquarters. When a capture is publicized, terrorists have the ability to quickly change locations and communication methods. Therefore, the intelligence available from the prisoners is only good for a short period of time. To gather the information while it is useful, should Americans be provided leniency in torturing these prisoners? To prevent future terrorism, should we be able to implement the torture that has been used by some terrorists themselves? In truth, America already has. Several doctors working for the U.S. Military violated the “ethical codes” of their profession. After a thorough investigation, it has been concluded that after 9/11, health professionals who worked with the military “designed and participated in cruel, inhumane, and degrading treatment and torture of detainees,” (Boseley, 1). The only question now is: were these actions justified? Torture has been defined in U.S. courts as anything that “shocks the conscience,” (“The Debate” 4). In situations that call for justice, those convicted succumb to some sort of conscience-shocking punishment. This could range from suspension...
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...regulators around the world have increasingly focused on introducing Anti Money Laundering (“AML”) measures to fight organised crime and tax evasion. While several national and international acts have set a legal framework for enforcement, the terrorist attacks on 11th September 2001 (“9/11”) have established fighting terrorist financing as another major objective among regulators. In subsequent years AML measures have constantly been revised to adjust to the complexity of the international financial markets. As a result financial institutions have to cope with additional costs, more difficult customer relations and legal as well as geographical constraints. More comprehensive customer due diligence and complex mandatory monitoring system in particular cause difficulties for the banking sector. Consequently several big institutions such as HSBC and Citigroup have already been fined for failing to comply with AML laws. Regulations have changed the financial sector. This essay will analyse the impact of the 9/11 attacks on the regulatory framework as well as the effects of AML on the financial industry. Page 3 of 16 2. MEASURES TAKEN AML has been on the agenda of regulators well before 9/11. However, the actions of prosecutors were more focused on fighting organised crime, drug and weapon dealing as well as tax evasion. 9/11 shifted the attention towards fighting terrorism and initiated Counter Terrorist Financing (“CTF”) laws. It was not until 9/11, that strict reporting rules...
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...Geography 206 Sec.15 4/2/2016 War on Terrorism Introduction Terrorism was dated back all the way to the first century, were a Jewish group called the Sicarii were willing to kill their enemies and their enemies associates in order to drive out the Roman Ruler from Judea. There was also the Hashhashin who was an Islamic sect who were located in Iran and Syria from the 11th to the 13th century. Though these groups were not consider terrorist in the modern sense, the use of violence to affect politics was a clear sign of terrorism. The word terrorism comes from the Reign of Terror which was started by Maxmilien Robespierre in 1793, following the French revolution. The definition of terrorism is an illegitimate use of force or violence against people and their property and is used to intimidate or persuade a government and its civilian population to advance their interest of political or social objectives. It is very effective tactic for the weaker side of a battle and can change flow or pace of a war. The act of terrorism has been used throughout history to prove dominance to a certain group of people. The war on terrorism affects people and the countries these people live in all around the world in many ways, for example, the war on terrorism effect the economy globally. According to the 2015 Global Terrorism Index, the cost of terrorism to the world was 52.9 billion in 2014, and it was the highest amount since 2001. Not only that the war on terrorism affect the economy, has it also...
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...Soc. 403 May, 8, 2012 Shock Doctrine Through history wars and natural disasters have been part of the adversities humanity has suffered. Mankind has managed to get ahead with theses adversities but it becomes hard to believe where blood, and pain takes place others can get benefits from death. Where some fight for a better equal society others are expecting to spend a disgrace to make money from it. In the book “The Shock Doctrine” by Naomi Klein, critiques how free market is dominating the world through the exploitation of disaster-shocked people and countries. America has become a corporatist state using the element of shock treatment among citizens. The term “disaster capitalism” first pointed out in the book by economist Milton Friedman claims that “whenever government have imposed sweeping free-market programs, the all-at-once shock treatment or shock therapy has been the method of choice” (8). Friedman observed only a crisis actual or perceived produces real change and the new fundamental change was a permanent reform. The reason is simple capitalism has always needed disasters to advance and the prefer method to achieve goals from corporations utilizing a collective trauma engage in radical social and economic engineering. The shock therapy has helped America to become a corporative state where free market makes everything, it is the ultimate goal but hand with hand privatizing is what leads to corporations to a better success without of these disasters...
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