...EVOLUTION AND MEDIA NATURALNESS: A LOOK AT E-COMMUNICATION THROUGH A DARWINIAN THEORETICAL LENS Ned Kock Lehigh University/Temple University Bethlehem, PA/Philadelphia, PA USA nfk2@Lehigh.edu Abstract Modern theories of human evolution converge on the belief that our brain has been designed to cope with problems that occurred intermittently in our evolutionary past. Evidence suggests that, during over 99 percent of the evolutionary process leading to the emergence of our species, our ancestors communicated in a synchronous and colocated manner, and employing facial expressions, body language, and oral speech (what we refer to here, generally, as “face-to-face” communication). Thus, it is plausible to assume that many of the evolutionary adaptations our brain has undergone in connection with communication have been directed at improving the efficiency and effectiveness of face-to-face communication, which begs the question: What happens when we selectively suppress face-to-face communication elements (e.g., colocation, the ability to employ/observe facial expressions) through e-communication technologies? This paper tries to provide an answer to this question by developing a hypothesis, called the media naturalness hypothesis, which builds on modern human evolution theory. The media naturalness hypothesis argues that, other things being equal, a decrease in the degree of naturalness of a communication medium (or its degree of similarity to the face-to-face ...
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...E-Business Evolution BIS375 November 2, 2015 E-Business Evolution The evolution of e-business started in the large spread of personal computers in the 1980’s and the commercial internet brought about in the 1990’s. The e-business spectrum refers to the implementation electronic technology in all business functions. E-business is inclusive of computers and internet for both internal and external operations as well communication and e-commerce across an organization. The e-business evolution has allowed businesses to go from storing physical paper in large filing containers to storing that data and much more in digital format on servers. The ability of organizations to electronically store and process data lets them improve both speed of information storage and processing. E-business has allowed organizations to go from manually forecasting business transactions to doing it with spreadsheets and dedicated software increasing information flow and speed to users and making the organization more efficient. The Internet has emerged as a significant aspect of today’s e-business evolution. In today’s marketplace larger companies have Internet accessibility to their goods as well services on their individual websites. The Internet will continues to change and improve, at some point even small businesses will need to acquire or develop their individual websites to be competitive in their own marketplace. The next e-business technology will be to have or acquire a mobile friendly...
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...UNDERSTANDING CORPORATE REBRANDING: AN EVOLUTION THEORY PERSPECTIVE Alexander C. Tevi, M.Sc. Faculty (Marketing Communications) School of Media and Communication Pan-African University 3, Ahmed Onibudo St. Victoria Island Lagos Nigeria 00234 802 300 2328 alextevi@yahoo.com Olutayo Otubanjo, PhD Senior Lecturer (Marketing) Lagos Business School Pan-African University Km 22 Lekki Epe Expressway Ajah, Lagos, Nigeria. 00234 808 608 6816 totubanjo@lbs.edu.ng Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2197664 Abstract Purpose: This paper seeks to create an epistemologically grounded understanding of the causes and process of corporate rebranding via the lens of the theory of evolution by natural selection. Approach: A review of the factors that trigger corporate rebranding, as reported in academic literature, is made. Following the review, a case is made for the absence of an epistemologically grounded understanding of why firms rebrand. Consequently, the theory of evolution by natural selection is brought forward as a platform for the development of a new model that explicates the causes and process of corporate rebranding. Findings: A new model anchored on the theory of evolution by natural selection, and a new definition of corporate rebranding is advanced. Essentially, the model offers epistemologically grounded reasons for ascendancy of corporate rebranding in the environment. Limitations: This is a conceptual paper – meaning that the model suggested in this...
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...Standard Mandatory Confidential St December 2008 The Nutrition, Health and Wellness Mapping Standard for Product Portfolio Evolution RE S PL PON PR EAS SIBL OD UR E UC E TS PR OTH OD ER UC TS AD NF PR EQU OD AT UC E TS AD NUT D R PR ED V ITION OD AL UC UE TS 60/40 win NH STR O PR W VA NG OD LU UC E TS Classification Standard Date of publication December 2008 Replaces Not applicable Author Corporate Wellness Unit. The Corporate Wellness Unit wishes to thank: u Wellness Champions of Zones, SBUs and Markets u Nutritionists of NRC, PTCs and Markets u GLOBE and F&C specialists u Market Heads and SBU Heads who commented on the strategy as it was evolving u And so many other talented colleagues from corporate teams. Approver Nestlé Board of Directors and Nestlé Executive Board Paul Bulcke Chief Executive Officer Werner Bauer Executive Vice President Strategic Business Units, Marketing and Sales Repository All Nestlé Principles and Policies, Standards and Guidelines can be found in the Centre online repository at: http://intranet.nestle.com/nestledocs Copyright and Confidentiality The content of this document may not be reproduced, distributed or disclosed to third parties without proper authorisation. All rights belong to Nestec Ltd., 1800 Vevey, Switzerland. ©2008, Nestec Ltd. This booklet, and accompanying materials including the CD-ROM, should be kept strictly confidential. Please only share with colleagues who are directly involved...
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...Communication Paper Debbra Piatt HCS490 January 7, 2014 Sherri Williams Communication Paper The new form of Medical records are the Electronic medical records or the EMR which are paperless forms of the patients’ (The Future of EMR's Forecasting HIPPA's Evolution and Implementation, 2012) medical records. This form of medical records are digital and computerized systems of keeping and maintaining the patient’s personal and medical information. The EMR system is designed to increase the efficiency and reduce any documentation errors. The Electronic Medical Records (EMR) is a very complex and ultimately expensive investment for the hospitals or clinics that are trying to implement this new program (The Future of EMR's Forecasting HIPPA's Evolution and Implementation, 2012). With these implementation of these new EMR’s it has created a high demand for healthcare professionals with a background in IT. The information technology has finally come to the healthcare system to make it more efficient and gives then physicians and the patient’s access to the medical records. The implementation of the EMR system reduces the administrative overhead that may affect the profits of the healthcare providers. Also this could affect the number of patients being seen by the medical professionals and be able to better utilize the resources (Benefits from EMR, 2010). The EMR that are being implemented for all hospitals and clinics in the country, the standards for developing these solutions...
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...Evolution of Mobile Banking Universal Banking Solution System Integration Consulting Business Process Outsourcing Banks are constantly on the search for solutions which will help reduce their cost of operations and improve customer experience. In this continuous journey, the banking industry has seen several technology trends being adopted and several innovations delivered. Innovations in banking delivery channels dates back to the introduction of ATMs as a self-service delivery channel. The ATMs heralded a new era of banking as the concept of self-service was introduced for the first time. ATMs also marked the entry of anytime banking as customers could now access money from their bank accounts at a time of their convenience. The wave of selfservice continued and the advent of Internet banking introduced the concept of anywhere banking as customers could now access their bank accounts from the comforts of their home or office. The new wave of technology-led delivery channels had caught up with the traditional branch banking and the customer experience from these new delivery channels had set new standards. However, banks noticed a trend customers mainly visiting ATMs for simple balance inquiry of mini statement transactions. This trend began to add to the cost pressures on the ATM channel. Internet banking was facing its own battle as security issues loomed large and customers restricted usage of Internet banking to their home and office computers...
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...University | Roaring Dragon Hotel: Intercultural Communication | Bader Ali | | | 10/25/2015 | This is a proposal for the Roaring Dragon Hotel case study. It Includes an Executive Summary for the whole paper starting from introduction down to the conclusion. This will also include out-sourced researches to help clarify the dilemma of lack of communication along with the ignorance of Guanxi. | Executive Summary: In this proposal, you will read briefly about the history of the Roaring Dragon Hotel and where does it stand in its industry. There will be emphasis on how relationships, Guanxi, were a major source of income and interest. This proposal will focus on the setback of internal cultural communication in the hotel and how it affected the hotel’s evolution. The hotel decided to grow, from a 3 star to a 5 star hotel. A foreigner team of specialists were requested for the change procedure. The team was not made aware of the culture they are stepping foot in; add to that, they did not speak the language. The Management excused themselves from explaining to the foreigners what inner value does their employees hold; Guanxi. The employees were not told about the change and its phases. The employees did not understand the language of the outsiders nor their unfairly perceived actions. The evolution team should have invested some time in researching the culture of China, the culture of the hotel, and its business routine. The management members must have translated...
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...century there were several major developments in the evolution of mass media. These developments are the evolution of the print, electronic, and digital eras which now encompass modern day media. These three eras have significantly affected American culture and economics, while ushering in a new standard of mass communications. While paper printing can be traced back to China as early as 100 c.e, modern printing did not emerge until the mid-fifteenth century. At that time, the printing press was introduced. The printing press was a conglomerate of machine duplication, rapid duplication, and faster production. These three elements were necessary for mass-market innovation. Information and ideas could now be spread faster and farther than ever before. With the evolution of the printing press, production of mass quantities at lower costs per unit became essential in mass production of other goods. This led to the Industrial Revolution, modern capitalism, and the consumer culture of the twentieth century. “With the revolution in industry came the rise of the middle class and an elite business class of owners and managers who acquired the kind of influence formerly held only by the nobility or the clergy. Print media became key tools that commercial and political leaders used to distribute information and maintain social order”. (Campbell, R., Martin, C., & Fabos, B. (2012). Media and culture: An introduction to mass communications (8th ed. Ch1 Pg 8). Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martin’s)...
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...EVOLUTION OF HEALTH CARE INFORMATION SYSTEMS PAPER EVOLUTION OF HEALTH CARE INFORMATION SYSTEMS PAPER 2 THE PATIENT RELATIONSHIPS WITH HEALTH CARE TECHNOLOGY My grandfather would often share stories of the neighborhood Doctor coming to visit the family home and providing medical care or just stopping in to say hello. They were extremely thorough, knew the entire family's history and actually became a part of the family. Over the years, the Doctor's relationship has evolved from the family member/neighborhood doctor to the world of physicians make diagnosis based on the available CPT code and patient visits are conducted via tele-medical devices. Medical relationships first transitioned from the family physician to neighborhood Doctor offices, then to company doctors and now Insurance Companies who act as puppet masters for physicians. I spoke with a friend whom is a physician over the weekend and she said, Medical care is very different than what she pictured it to be. As a doctor, she is as concerned about the times outlined by insurance companies and CPT codes as she about the patient’s health. I am sure my grandfather could have never imagined this type of relationship with his family doctor. To bridge the gap between the physician patient relationship of yesterday and today, technology savvy healthcare providers are using personal digital assistants (PDA) to act as the provider memory bank. The advancement of PDAs is just one of the many revolutionary advances that...
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...Evolution of mobile technology and business models Su-En Tan CTI Working Papers, no. 91 Center for Tele-Information EVOLUTION OF MOBILE TECHNOLOGY AND BUSINESS MODELS Su-En Tan Centre for TeleInformation Technical University of Denmark Building 371, 2nd Floor, Elektrovej, Kgs, Lyngby 2800, Denmark Tel.: +45 45255181 Fax: +45 45963171 Email: sutan@cti.dtu.dk ABSTRACT This paper looks at the evolution of mobile technology and the evolution of the business models associated with it. Briefly, the different technologies will be examined. More importantly, it will trace the route taken by the mobile network from 2G to 3G and beyond, it will look at the factors that have influenced the decision of mobile operators to switch or upgrade to 3G and also why some others have chosen not to do so. While technology has evolved, so has the business models of the industry. The evolution of the business models from 2G to 3G will be described here. How the mobile industry has changed in terms of market players is part of this description. 1 INTRODUCTION In recent years, we have seen many changes in the mobile industry. Mobile telephony has evolved a great deal since the beginning of the GSM standard. It is thus, of interest to trace this technology change from when we once used the mobile telephone as just a device to make simple voice calls to the multimedia device of today. The different evolution paths that have been taken by different mobile operators will be examined. Reasons for their...
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...10/30/12 strategic management Lexicon Home About Us strategic management See Also strategy novelty organizational dynamics strategic planning exploration exploitation strategic management methodology strategic management framework strategic management activities good-to-great strategic intent management leadership strategic management competency strategic control organizational theory environment Definition See environment for the interpretive perspective of the organization and its strategic management implications. Strategic management is about charting how to achieve a company's objectives, and adjusting the direction and methods to take advantage of changing circumstances (Faulkner and Campbell, 2003, 3). ""The field of strategic management deals with the major intended and emergent initiatives taken by general managers on behalf of owners, involving utilization of resources, to enhance the performance of firms in their external environments."" (Nag, Hambrick, and Chen, 2007, 944) Inductive Derivation of a Consensus Definition of the Field -Representative definitionsnew -- espoused by four sets of boundary spanning scholars base on their adjacent field (Nag, Hambrick, and Chen, 2007, 946, Table 4) -Economics -The strategic management field is-positively-the scientific study of the plans that firms build and implement in order to achieve and maintain competitive advantage, andnormatively-the attempt to identify optimal plans for achieving and maintaining competitive...
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...mass media has played in shaping that culture over the past one hundred years. With the development and evolution of mass media, there have been tremendous advantages and disadvantages that have contributed to major changes in society throughout the 20th century. However, these changes not only affect society but it has also affected the way business is done today. With the dawn of media convergence, globalization of media, audience dependency, concentration of ownership, and issue of media literacy; all the parties in the mass communication process are forced to think dramatically about their positions in it. Mass media can affect knowledge, attitudes, opinions and behavior of individuals. These effects can be immediate or delayed, for a short duration or long-lasting. II. With the development and evolution of media, we find that media convergence and media dependency have become a major factor in how society is affected and the way we respond throughout our everyday life. Encyclopedia Britannica (2013) states that, “Media convergence, a phenomenon involving the interlocking of computing, and technology information companies, telecommunications networks, and content providers from the publishing worlds of newspapers, magazines, music, radio, television, films, and entertainment software. Media convergence brings together the “three Cs”—computing, communications, and content.” There are two levels of convergence, technologies which use broadband or wireless network...
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...are believed to have some social and ethical implications to the society. Introduction The technological convergence of communication and computing for mobile technology is in the outburst forefront compare other convergence technologies such as nanotechnology, etc. This evolutionary path of these technologies brings interoperability and benefitted from each other’s services and functions including other industries. This has placed smartphones in the leading technology trend of playing the role of universal mobile unit. Smartphone is a mobile phone with advance features and functionality that provides integrated services from communication, computing and mobile areas which also includes voice communication, messaging, applications to management personal information and wireless communication features (Zheng, P. et al, 2006). In addition to the above mentioned capabilities, smartphones are also equipped with features to take, edit and display photos, play games on the devices or over the network, play videos, navigation and audio and video playback and recording, send and receive emails, social networking applications functionalities and surf the web and wireless internet, etc. As a result of all these features and functions, consumers has made smartphones now their common choice of gadgets in their day to day life’s along with the use in business as it was initially perceived due to its cost and application. However, today we are in a chaotic smartphone society flooded...
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...------------------------------------------------- Business Process Management BPM Prepared for: Professor Palmer Prepared by: Vardly E. St.Preux Date: 02 December 2012 ------------------------------------------------- Course: SBE-430 E-Commerce for Small Business Table of Contents The Evolution of Business Process Since The 1990s 3 Benefits of BPM 3 The Evolution of Business Process Since The 1990s After reading this article, there isn’t any direct suggestion of the evolution business processes from the 1990's. However, it can be said that the article suggests that business thinking and practice has changed tremendously over the last decade or so. Many businesses are using more technological software to improve their business practice. The methods of the past are not as successful in today’s e-business dominated world. Almost every organization is now based on technology. A business therefore needs the appropriate software to make them competitive in today's market, or face extinction. BPM allows companies to be more agile and more efficient. Efficiency is key to keeping customers happy. Furthermore, government regulations are constantly changing. In many organizations this constant change is difficult to grasp and incorporate without the appropriate technology in order to make a business efficient. Benefits of BPM The article addresses many benefits for BPM; some of the benefits are: * BPM helps organizations streamline their processes into...
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...The Evolution of selling The essay titled “Evolution of Selling “is based upon how selling has developed with the various key changes back into the industrial revolution era that has had an huge impact upon and led to the ways and approaches of selling today and looks into the ancient and modern methods, techniques and attitudes of selling which altogether has contributed to its modernization. The age of selling has brought about many advancements and developments in the world of Marketing through the encouragement of improving technology and people’s hard working attitude towards it, although, the question that remains is how personal selling even started at the first place? For which, Williams et al. (2001) has said in one of his books, Sales Management, that a street peddler was the first person ever who made a door-to-door sale by collecting the produce from the local farmers and selling it to the townspeople. Selling today would never have been so convincing if door-to-door selling was never introduced in the market because without understanding the customer’s needs and wants in detail by discussing with them, the company wouldn’t know what satisfies a customer, what products for whom and how they should be made according to their needs. Salespeople who earned a living only by selling products did not happen to be many in numbers until the Industrial Revolution(mid 1700s) hit England as traders, merchants, and artisans used to fill in the selling function before this era...
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