...Access the importance of any two perennial national festivals in the Caribbean Carnival is Bacchanal! It is an annual celebration of life found in many countries of the world. Carnival is the time when individuals releases themselves and parade with enjoyment of the various Caribbean local art forms. According to Julia Hewitt “in the Caribbean, carnival as a mode of performing resistance, the memory of repression and sacrifice but also of hope, in a sense of becoming other”. “Caribbean festivals embody an aesthetic formally rooted in the early European, African and Asian traditions brought to the West indies between the 15th and 19th centuries, as well as from 20th century publications, broad casts and artistic movements. Caribbean festival arts are evidence of the transformation worked by a creoles aesthetic.” Judith Bettleheim et.al. Carnival in Trinidad and Tobago and Jonkonnu in Jamaica are two perennial festivals in the Caribbean. These festivals have been celebrated in the Caribbean for years and play an integral role in the maintenance and development of the region. Moreover, they contribute significantly to the nation’s social, economic, cultural tourism welfare. The Caribbean has many festivals such as Jonkonnu and Carnival. Jonkonnu has several schools of thoughts but according to Richard Allsopp denotes that Jonkonnu is more likely related to Yoruba word Jonkoliko, one elevated as a figure for fun or disgrace. This seems logical, especially since many of the...
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...Clint Cave POLY SCI Prof. Fitzpatrick 4/23/13 Term Paper Final Country: Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago is a developing nation in the Caribbean composed of two islands. The islands gained independence from the British in 1962. The country is one of the most prosperous in the Caribbean, largely as a result of petroleum and natural gas industries. Tourist travel is mostly to the smaller of the two sister islands, Tobago. Tourist facilities are widely available. Calypso music and steel drum bands feature in carnival celebrations on the larger island. Relaxed and peaceful in comparison to its densely-populated sister, Tobago attracts diving enthusiasts and nature lovers. The island is self-governing. Trinidad & Tobago is a beautiful island and it has some of the most amazing tourist sites. One site is The Aripo Caves they are located in the northern tip of Trinidad, it is a must-see for the adventurous tourist. The caves are home to oilbirds, a rare species of nocturnal birds that fly in the dark using echolocation, just like bats do. The caves are also home to a large population of bats. Reaching the limestone caves requires an extensive hike through a dense jungle like forest, as trails are often overgrown. The caves themselves are rich in stalactites and stalagmites. You can reach the entrance to the cave and walk a few feet into the caves on your own. The forest is especially beautiful in February, when the mountain immortelle trees are in bloom, showing...
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...Race and Struggle of Samba Samba exists throughout Brazil, peculiarly in the states of Bahia, Mahranhão, Minas Gerais, and São Paulo. Samba has two popular forms of expression: music and dance. A majority of people identify samba as the musical expression of urban Rio de Janeiro. Although samba is commonly identified with Brazil, the start of samba begins in Africa. According to Marc Hertzman, the origins of samba in Brazil can be trace back to the 1800s-a time when Brazil was still in the process of finding its own national identity. After Brazil freed the last of its remaining slaves, Brazil faced racial and economic divides, but with all this issues samba emerged as a building block of national identity. Samba is something unique that could be embraced by all Brazilians. Samba had an impact on Brazil as nation, but also it had an enormous impact on the individual and the African-Brazilian population. Throughout the world’s history, music has had the capability to tell the story of many slaves. Slaves in both the United States and Brazil had slave hymns. For example, the famous song Wade In the Water, which now commonly associated with the Underground Railroad. Once slavery ended, the sounds of those who were discriminated against changed. In the United States, slave hymns became the sound of jazz and the blues and in Brazil, samba was created. Samba is a word that is believed to come from the West African Bantu word, meaning “to pray” or “to invoke the spirits...
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...Caribbean Festivals at Home and Abroad Concept of Carnival/Festival Carnival brings about a "second world condition" so that when carnival comes around, another world is created and people go into that world. Notion of carnival as one of “the decentralising forces that militate against official power and ideology. Carnival as the interruption of dominant discourses “to surrender the critical and cultural tools to the dominant class and in this sense, carnival can be seen above all else as a site of urgency.” Mikhail Bakhtin in Rabelais and His World- Uses the term in reference to carnivals of the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Bakhtin one of the key theorists on carnivals. Bakhtin-Carnivals allowed people mostly from the under class to rebel momentarily against social conventions and the class and financial hierarchies that structured society. Bakhtin- Carnival in medieval times offered a “second world and a second life.” Play, mockery, inversion, laughter and profanity all elements in Bakhtin's canival. Bakhtin-Carnival underlined is not a spectacle seen by the people; they live in it and everyone participate because its very idea embraces all the people...It has a universal spirit; it is a special condition of the entire world, of the world's revival and renewal in which all take part.” Bakhtin's views on Carnival have led to many theorists using Bakhtin's views to discuss carnival. Robert Stam- Carnivals can be politically ambiguous affairs that can be egalitarian and emancipatory...
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...1. What do you see as the author’s overall purpose in Farewell to Manzanar? The author’s overall purpose of Farewell to Manzanar was to explain that during World War II a place called Manzanar was hastily created in the high mountain desert country of California, east of the Sierras. Manzanar is most widely known as the site of one of ten camps where over 110,000 Japanese Americans were imprisoned during World War II. Its purpose was to house thousands of Japanese American internees. One of the first families to arrive was the Wakatsukis, who were ordered to leave their fishing business in Long Beach and take with them only the belongings they could carry. For Jeanne Wakatsuki, a seven-year-old child, Manzanar became a way of life in which she struggled and adapted, observed and grew. For her father it was essentially the end of his life. At age thirty-seven, Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston recalls life at Manzanar through the eyes of the child she was. She tells of her fear, confusion, and bewilderment as well as the dignity and great resourcefulness of people in oppressive and demeaning circumstances. In April 1972, Jeanne and her family visited the ruins of Manzanar. She went because she wanted to find closure. Prior to her visit, she had doubts. She thought she imagined the whole thing because no one really heard or talked about it. She seldom talked about her experience with her family and friends. I suppose she wrote the book to educate us readers a time in United States...
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...Democracy Mukulika Banerjee A s India is hailed as the next superpower, do its political credentials stand up to scrutiny? Is its record on governance and development up to the challenge of its newfound reputation? India has been a democracy for over six decades. In this time it has achieved some remarkable successes but also failed in significant ways. While economic growth has been rapid over recent decades, this has not translated into greater welfare for the majority of the Indian population. Despite being severely critical of its politicians, the electorate however remains enthusiastic in its political participation, especially at elections. In 1947, when India gained her independence from colonial rule, the choice of parliamentary democracy and a universal franchise for such a poor, vast and largely illiterate nation was considered foolhardy by many observers, at home and abroad. Nevertheless the first general election was held with great rigour, enthusiasm and success in 1952. In the meantime, a Constitution reflecting the political and ideological goals of the new nation had been adopted. It was authored by the Constituent Assembly made up of 299 members who represented the enormous class, religious and linguistic diversity of India’s population and who after much debate and deliberation set out the framework for India’s future as a republic and parliamentary democracy. Enshrined within it were the principles of the separation of powers, a universal...
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...between Africa, Europe, and the New World (The United State of America), the islands became a wealthy center for the slave trade but suffered economic problems after the slave trade was abolished in 1876. In the 20th century, Cape Verde served as a shipping port. In 1951, Cape Verde's status changed from a Portuguese colony to overseas colonies, and in 1961 the land became full Portuguese citizens. An independence movement led by the African Party for the Independence of Guinea-Bissau (another former Portuguese colony) and Cape Verde was founded in 1956. On Jan. 13, 1991, the first multi-party elections, since independence, resulted in the ruling African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde (PAICV) losing its majority to the Movement for Democracy Party (MPD). The MPD candidate, Antonio Monteiro, won the subsequent presidential election, and was easily reelected in 1996. In 2001, Pedro Pires became president. Mayra Andrade was born in Havana, Cuba but her parents are both from Cape Verde. She spent her early childhood in Praia, Cape Verde. Andrade spent the first years of her life in Cape...
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...experimental research study that looked at situation about Red’s shirt and Yellow’s shirt. The independent variable was three different thinking; Red side, Yellow side and foreign side. The dependent variable of the study was the difference between Red’s shirt and Yellow’s shirt. The mediator variable was the personal thinking. They divide themselves into Yellow Shirts and Red Shirts and trade insults and occasional blows as well as disrupting the usual peaceful harmony of Thailand. They just want to get along peacefully with their work. The 'Yellow Shirts' are the People's Alliance for Democracy. They are fiercely Royalist and against the former Prime Minister of Thailand, Thaksin Shinawatra and his allies. The choice of Yellow is to show their allegiance to the King of Thailand. Yellow is the King's color. The 'Red Shirts' are made up of two supposedly smaller political groups, the United Front for Democracy against Dictatorship or UDD and Democratic Alliance Against Dictatorship or DAAD. The 'Red Shirts' strongest support comes from the North of Thailand from where the former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra originates. They would like to see him return to politics in Thailand. Thaksin Shinawatra manipulates the Red Shirts from outside Thailand. He is unable to return to the country through fear of arrest. However in this study there were uses the way of thinking in 3sides, The questions will relate to the thing that Red’s shirt, Yellow’s shirt and Foreign thinking about the situation...
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...The Glory that was Greece | |A |B |C |D |E | |1 |officially named the Hellenic |Greek messenger to the gods |founder of the Academy in |literary form that is the |tragedian who wrote Oedipus | | |Republic |Hermes |Athens |crowning glory of Athenian Age|the King and Antigone - | | |Greece | |Plato |- drama |Sophocles | |2 |Greek god of wine and revelry |master of Greek comedy |god of war |capital city of Greece |what Greek actors wore during | | |- Dionysus |-Aristophanes |Ares |Athens |a performance in a play - | | | | | | |masks | |3 |lyric poet notable for his |religion of the 98% of Greek |The GLORY |dwelling place of the deities |prince of Troy who gave his | | |drinking songs and hymns - |people |that was |Mt. Olympus |life for his people - Hector | | |Anacreon...
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...1) Timbre Encompasses: The difference in sound quality that distinguishes one instrument from a different type of instrument. (e.g. a piano has a different timbre than a flute) & Jazz performers strive to produce variety of timbres on their instruments often through mutes. 2) Jazz soloists -‐clarinet, Alto and or tenor saxophone, trumpet and/or cornet, trombone 3) Blue notes -‐frequencies that fall in between that standard pitches of the major and minor scales. 4) Triads - Basic chord of European and American harmony. It consist of 3 pitches. ‐may be either a consonant or dissonant 5) Extended chords -‐triads with extra thirds added, commonly used in Jazz. 6-‐7) Meter -‐the organization of stressed and unstressed beats into regular patterns. -‐duple meter 8) Principal/characteristic rhythmic traits of jazz -‐Be able to list them 9) Syncopation ...
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...HOW TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO WAS GOVERNED BEFORE INDEPENDENCE Our Nation’s Attainment of Independence in 1962 marked the end of colonial rule that had started during the 16th century under the aegis of Spain and had continued when the British captured Trinidad. In the meantime, Tobago had its own uneven political history, changing hands from one European power to another whilst having its own bicameral elective legislature from as early as 1768. As Crown Colony governance became tighter from the mid-19th century that melancholy isle was deprived of its bicameral legislature in 1874 and in 1877 was made a purely nominative, one-chambered Crown Colony legislature. In 1889, Tobago was united administratively with Trinidad in order to reduce British expenses in the Caribbean and in 1899 the noose was further tightened when that colony was made a ward of Trinidad and Tobago. From the beginning of the 20th century, Tobago joined Trinidad in advocating freedom from colonial rule, becoming an integral part of the achievement on Independence in 1962. NATIONAL FLAG The flag of Trinidad and Tobago was adopted on August 31, 1962, and consists of a red background with a white and black band diagonally placed across the upper left corner to the bottom right corner. The two white stripes are symbolic of the bountiful sea, the red represents the people, and black represents their hard work and strength. COAT OF ARMS The shield of the coat of arms contains the same colors as the nation's flag...
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...use the technology at all times. The technology implemented at the school involved Apple computers, Ipads, Chromebooks and a microphone. Every device was used at different age levels. The Ipads were used in the kindergarten through third grade classrooms to provide hands on and visual learning. The Chromebooks were used for the upper elementary levels. Windy Hills also had a technology lab where classes are held for every age level. The microphone was used in a fifth grade classroom. A microphone used in the classroom lessens discipline problems. Students are more focused and apt to listen when a teacher is using a microphone. Every student at Windy Hills Elementary had the opportunity to learn through different devices of technology. Democracy Windy Hills portrayed many of the four moral dimensions. The dimensions I viewed more prominently at Windy Hills were Enculturation and Nurturing Pedagogy. While viewing the kindergarten classroom, the teacher was using Enculturation through teaching students values. The teacher was educating the children about the actions of a “student of integrity.” She displayed different scenarios and asked them to put their hands up if that was an action of a student of integrity. An example of an action was taking someone’s pencil bag while no one was looking. The students jumped up and gave the sign for not being a “student of integrity.” Teaching the students what a “student of integrity” means is a vital asset to prepare them to live in a democratic...
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... Emerging markets has a free market system which is democratic system and the features is they open the door to welcome more foreign investment as well as the good promotion to improve the trade relationship between countries. Also, emerging markets drive growth in the global economy so they are very important. Although emerging market accounted for a certain size and influence in the global economy, emerging market still have challenges and risks. In this assignment, I selected Brazil to discuss the characteristics, challenges, the environment of economy and the impact of market factors. Global overview Brazil is the most influential country in South America which is rising economic power and it is one of the world’s biggest democracies. Brazil has natural resources especially iron ore that is highly prized by major manufacturing nations such as China. Brazil is the largest country in both South America and Latin America which is the fifth largest country in the world. For the geography, Brazil has a variety of ecological system and extensive natural resources in the large tropical forest, Amazon River basin. This unique natural resources make Brazil become the one of 17 megadiverse counties. For economy, Brazil is the ninth largest by nominal GDP and seventh largest by GDP (PPP) in the world...
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...REVIEW MATERIALS: Conceptual considerations: Discuss paradoxes and four orientations with which John Chasteen characterizes the changing foci of U.S. thinking on Latin America from the early 20th century to the present. •Racial/Cultural and Environmental Determinism: An image by Americans which suggested that Latin Americans are “Hot-Blooded Latins” with too much “non-white” blood, and do not have the self discipline needed in order to make a more democratic, stable society. There were Catholics, lacking a protestant work ethic. Americans also pictured Latin Americans to be lazy individuals. •Modernization Theory: Once the previous idea was settled, it came to the reality that the Latin American countries had to go through modernization, such as the United States, and their feeble network on which their society rested upon was that being criticized. •Dependency Theory: Students were sure that these two previous explanations were merely methods to blame the victims of abuse. They believed that Latin American economies stood in a dependent position relative to the world’s industrial powers. Therefore other nations took their overpowering stand, and forestalled Latin America’s industrialization. “Economic dependency” is why the nation did not follow the path it was supposed to follow. •Social Constructionism: The way race, gender, class, and national identities are “constructed” in people’s minds. Discuss Michel Rolph Trouillot’s theory of historical narratives ...
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...Haiti From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Republic of Haiti République d'Haïti Repiblik Ayiti Flag Coat of arms Motto: "L'Union Fait La Force" (French) "Linyon Fe Lafòs" (Haitian Creole) "Strength through Unity" Anthem: La Dessalinienne Capital (and largest city) Port-au-Prince 18°32′N 72°20′W / 18.533°N 72.333°W / 18.533; -72.333 Official languages French, Haitian Creole Ethnic groups Black 95%; Mulatto and White 5%[1] Demonym Haitian Government Presidential republic - President René Préval - Prime Minister Michèle Pierre-Louis Formation - as Saint-Domingue 1697 - Independence from France 1 January 1804 Area - Total 27,751 km2 (147th) 10,714 sq mi - Water (%) 0.7 Population - 2007 estimate 8,706,497[2] (85th) - 2003 census 8,527,817 - Density 335/km2 (38th) 758.1/sq mi GDP (PPP) 2007 estimate - Total $11.150 billion[3] (133th) - Per capita $1,291[3] (154th) GDP (nominal) 2007 estimate - Total $6.031 billion[3] - Per capita $698[3] Gini (2001) 59.2 (high) HDI (2007) ▲ 0.529 (medium) (146th) Currency Gourde (HTG) Time zone (UTC-5) Drives on the right Internet TLD .ht Calling code 509 Haiti (pronounced /ˈheɪtiː/; French Haïti pronounced [aiti]; Haitian Creole: Ayiti), officially the Republic of Haiti (République d'Haïti ; Repiblik Ayiti), is a Creole- and French-speaking Caribbean country. Along with the Dominican Republic...
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