...They are extremely flammable due to the nature of the hydrocarbon-based electrolyte, the part of the battery that allows the charge to flow between the cathode and the anode (Mikolajczak et al.). Normally batteries are made with a water-based electrolyte, however lithium reacts violently with water, so their electrolyte cannot be water based (Shriver, “Lithium”). The problem with a hydrocarbon-based electrolyte is that if they leak, they release highly flammable vapors (Mikolajczak et al.). As of March 3, 2015, United Airlines banned the transportation of bulk lithium-ion batteries because of their highly flammable state ("Safety Worries Lead US Airline to Ban Battery Shipments"). They are not the first airline to ban bulk shipments of lithium-ion batteries either. In addition, the Federal Aviation Administration tested the flammability of lithium-ion batteries in aviatic transportation. They found that in the worst-case scenario, a large-scale explosion could occur. In its tests, the FAA filled a cargo container with 5,000 lithium-ion batteries and a cartridge heater, which was added to simulate a single battery overheating.The heat from the cartridge triggered a chain reaction in other batteries, with temperatures reaching about 600C. This was followed by an explosion, which blew open the container door and set the cargo box on fire. A second test, some months later, produced similar...
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...Proceedings of MARTEC 2010 The International Conference on Marine Technology 11-12 December 2010, BUET, Dhaka, Bangladesh SHIP RECYCLING PROSPECTS IN BANGLADESH Kh. Akhter Hossain, K. Shahriar Iqbal and N. M. Golam Zakaria Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh E-mail: ksiqbal@yahoo.com ABSTRACT This paper deals with the recent status of ship-recycling industry in Bangladesh which has received considerable attention during last two decades. The social and environmental impacts of the ship recycling in Bangladesh have also been covered. Considering its positive economical contribution as well as some negative effect like lack of occupational health and safety standard, the search has made to address whether Bangladesh should continue supporting this business on their soil. Some viable recommendations are made at the conclusion. Keywords: Ship breaking, ship dismantling, industrial safety, safety hazards, environmental hazards. 1. INTRODUCTION Ship recycling is the process of dismantling old ship to recover steel scrap and other materials. This industry had begun in Bangladesh in 1960, when a cargo vessel named M D Alpine of Greek was affected by violent storm and beached near sea shore of Fauzdarhat at Chittagong. The ship had to remain there for a long time. In 1965, the vessel was scrapped by Chittagong Steel House. In 1974, Al Abbas, a salvaged Pakistan Navy vessel, which was sunk during...
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...Proceedings of MARTEC 2010 The International Conference on Marine Technology 11-12 December 2010, BUET, Dhaka, Bangladesh SHIP RECYCLING PROSPECTS IN BANGLADESH Kh. Akhter Hossain, K. Shahriar Iqbal and N. M. Golam Zakaria Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh E-mail: ksiqbal@yahoo.com ABSTRACT This paper deals with the recent status of ship-recycling industry in Bangladesh which has received considerable attention during last two decades. The social and environmental impacts of the ship recycling in Bangladesh have also been covered. Considering its positive economical contribution as well as some negative effect like lack of occupational health and safety standard, the search has made to address whether Bangladesh should continue supporting this business on their soil. Some viable recommendations are made at the conclusion. Keywords: Ship breaking, ship dismantling, industrial safety, safety hazards, environmental hazards. 1. INTRODUCTION Ship recycling is the process of dismantling old ship to recover steel scrap and other materials. This industry had begun in Bangladesh in 1960, when a cargo vessel named M D Alpine of Greek was affected by violent storm and beached near sea shore of Fauzdarhat at Chittagong. The ship had to remain there for a long time. In 1965, the vessel was scrapped by Chittagong Steel House. In 1974, Al Abbas, a salvaged Pakistan Navy vessel, which was...
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...BlueEnergy Philip Ball,(June 2015), Blue Energy: How mixing water can create electricity, http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20150610-blue-energy-how-mixing-water-can-create-electricity Philip Ball says that when the intriguing chemistry that occurs where rivers meet the sea could power our homes and much more. It is perhaps one of the most under-exploited sources of green energy. When salt water and fresh water mix in estuaries, a chemical process occurs that can be harnessed for electricity generation. According to one estimate, this “blue energy” is so plentiful that it could meet all our needs – if we can find an effective way to tap it. Could ‘blue’ be the new green? Blue energy was first proposed in 1954 by a British engineer named R E Pattle. It is sometimes called “osmotic power”, because it exploits the phenomenon of osmosis. To understand how this works, picture two solutions of water with different concentrations of a dissolved substance like salt. If these two solutions are separated by a thin “semi-permeable” membrane that lets water through but not salt ions, then water will naturally pass from the less- to the more-salty side. The flow of water across the membrane builds up pressure on one side that can be used to drive turbines and generate power. It wasn’t possible to exploit Pattle’s idea for power generation until the 1970s. That’s when artificial materials for making semi-permeable membranes became commercially available....
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...GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) ABSTRACT : Modern technology offers us an affordable mechanism called “GPS” which can help us find our way in situations like lost in a completely unknown place, hiking, snowmobiling, snowshoeing, mountain -biking, fishing, cross-country skiing, ORV expeditions, hunting and many others. GPS tells us exactly where we are on the planet at any time. It can do this with precisions ranging from exact precision to points within a 40-foot range. These variations dep end on the model and type of the GPS receiver you have. GPS is a worldwide radio-navigation system formed from a constellation of 24 satellites and their ground stations. GPS uses these satellites as reference points to calculate positions accurate to a matter of meters. In fact, with advanced forms of GPS you can make measurements to better than a centimeter! In a sense it's like giving every square meter on the planet a unique address. GPS receivers have been miniaturized to just a few integrated circui ts and so are becoming very economical. And that makes the technology accessible to virtually everyone. These days GPS is finding its way into cars, boats, planes, construction equipment, movie making gear, farm machinery, even laptop computers. CITC (CE DEPT.) 1 GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) 1.0 BACKGROUND AND HISTO RY : GPS network has been around longer than the Personal Computer. The US Department of Defense designed this system back in the 1970’s. It was (and still...
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...The Chinese Military a United States Peer Threat United States Army Sergeants Major Academy Class 39 June 04, 2013 Abstract The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) has developed into a modern capable force making them a peer threat in capabilities, assets, and economic resources. China in the world’s largest communist regime and has the political stance of growth at any cost. China possesses a strong economy which provides them the financial stability to increase spending on military and technology advancement. The United States has taken notice and has reassessed their regional priority forcing them to implement additional security measures. The Chinese Military a United States Peer Threat The People’s Liberation Army The Chinese military, also known as the People’s Liberation Army (PLA), has become a focal point for the U.S. National Security Strategy. The PLA is the U.S.’s closest adversary in size, capability, and technology, making them a peer threat. History The PLA traces its origins to the August, 1927 Nanchang Uprising of the communists and the nationalists ("People’s Liberation Army History," 2011). The combination of land, sea, and air forces from the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the People’s Republic of China (PRC) was initially called the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army. Between 1934 and 1935 the Red Army encountered multiple conflicts against Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek (CPC) and took part in the Long March. The Long March (1934-1936)...
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...MICRO-HYDRO POWER Introduction Water power can be harnessed in many ways; tidal flows can be utilised to produce power by building a barrage across an estuary and releasing water in a controlled manner through a turbine; large dams hold water which can be used to provide large quantities of electricity; wave power is also harnessed in various ways. It is a technology that has been utilised throughout the world, by a diverse range of societies and cultures, for many centuries. Water can be harnessed on a large or a small scale - Table 1, below outlines the categories used to define the power output form hydropower. Micro-hydro power is the small-scale harnessing of energy from falling water; for example, harnessing enough water from a local river to power a small factory or village. This fact sheet will concentrate mainly at micro-hydro power. Large- hydro Medium-hydro Small-hydro Mini-hydro Micro-hydro More than 100 MW and usually feeding into a large electricity grid 15 - 100 MW - usually feeding a grid 1 - 15 MW - usually feeding into a grid Above 100 kW, but below 1 MW; either stand alone schemes or more often feeding into the grid From 5kW up to 100 kW; usually provided power for a small community or rural industry in remote areas away from the grid. Pico-hydro From a few hundred watts up to 5kW Table 1: Classification of hydropower by size. kW (kilowatt) - 1000 Watts; MW (megawatt) - 1 000 000 Watts or 1000 kW In the UK, water mills are known to have been in use 900...
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...INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL Of ACADEMIC RESEARCH LCC: T10.5-11.9 Vol. 2. No. 1. January 2010 E-CYLING E-WASTE: THE WAY FORWARD FOR NIGERIA IT AND ELECTRO-MECHANICAL INDUSTRY Prof. Dr. Oliver E. Osuagwu *, Charles Ikerionwu a a b b Coordinator of PG Programs, IP Vice-President, CPN Department of Information Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri (NIGERIA) * E-mail: drosuagwu@yahoo.com ABSTRACT An average of 500,000 tons of obsolete Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipments (WEEE) are dumped into Nigeria monthly with its associated health and environmental hazards. E-waste includes computers, entertainment electronics, mobile phones and other items that have been discarded by their original users. While there is no generally accepted definition of e-waste, in most cases e-waste consists of expensive and more or less durable products used for data processing, telecommunications or entertainment in private households and businesses. Dumping of e-waste in Nigeria has negative health consequences such as leaching toxins into the soil, air and groundwater which later enter into crops, animals and human body systems causing contamination and pollution. Medical experts have warned that exposure to these substances can cause damage to blood and nervous systems, DNA, immune systems, kidneys and can lead o respiratory and skin disorders and lung cancer and can interfere with regulatory hormones and brain development. This is bad news for Nigeria and Africa...
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...Brownsburg Going Green The place I call home is Brownsburg, Indiana. I have lived and grown up there my entire life as well have my parents. Brownsburg is located in Hendricks County, which is about 20 minutes west of Indianapolis. It has a growing population of 22,000. Brownsburg has a total of six elementary schools, two middle schools, and one high school. In 2009, Brownsburg was ranked number one in the state and number thirty three in the nation for top places to live. This was because Brownsburg’s low crime rate, excellent school system, and strong economy. These are all of the reasons why I love my hometown and why I chose it for this paper. I believe by making simple changes in the community, transitioning to a post-carbon community will be a lot easier. If I had to envision myself living the “good life,” it would have to start with having a family with 3 kids and a wife. We would be living in a two story house in a neighborhood that it close to the schools. My wife and I would both have successful jobs, together making over 125,000 a year. I want to be a nice, well known, sociable guy around the community. I see myself being involved in as many community activities possible and hope that everyone else in Brownsburg will too. In a perfect life, I see Brownsburg as a place where the whole community can be a happy place where everyone has an important purpose. A lofty goal, but a good goal would be to have everyone in the community know each other. Another goal would be...
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...Grid Energy Storage U.S. Department of Energy December 2013 Acknowledgements We would like to acknowledge the members of the core team dedicated to developing this report on grid energy storage: Imre Gyuk (OE), Mark Johnson (ARPA-E), John Vetrano (Office of Science), Kevin Lynn (EERE), William Parks (OE), Rachna Handa (OE), Landis Kannberg (PNNL), Sean Hearne & Karen Waldrip (SNL), Ralph Braccio (Booz Allen Hamilton). Table of Contents Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................................... 1 . Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 4 1.0 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 7 2.0 State of Energy Storage in US and Abroad .......................................................................................... 11 3.0 Grid Scale Energy Storage Applications .............................................................................................. 20 4.0 Summary of Key Barriers ..................................................................................................................... 30 5.0 Energy Storage Strategic Goals ...............................................
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...Wireless Sensor Networks and Their Usage Ali Raza,Shahid Rasheed & Shazib Javeed University Of Central Punjab Abstract Innovations in industrial, home and automation in transportation represent smart environments. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) provide a new paradigm for sensing and disseminating information from various environments, with the potential to serve many and diverse applications Networks (WSN), where thousands of sensors are deployed at different locations operating in different modes .WSN consists of a number of sensors spread across a geographical area; each sensor has wireless communication capability and sufficient intelligence for signal processing and networking of the data. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are used in variety of fields which includes military, healthcare, environmental, biological, home and other commercial applications. With the huge advancement in the field of embedded computer and sensor technology, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), which is composed of several thousands of sensor nodes which are capable of sensing, actuating, and relaying the collected information, have made remarkable impact everywhere? Key Words Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs) Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) Introduction Sensor network is capable of sensing, processing and communicating which helps the base station or command node to observe and react according to the condition in a particular environment (physical...
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...Bejee Glassé First Draft 81 I wish I never saw her face. Her stupid, fucking face. The one with the careless eyes and the smile that stopped my respiratory system from working. Lust at first sight. It was 2000 and I had just come back from a four year sentence in the Marines. My parents didn't like how I spent my teen years, reveling in debauchery and selfdestructive vices. They said I'd end up like my brother. So the week after I graduated high school, I was off to boot camp. But old habits die hard, so there I was, back home living the same life I lived before I left. ***** It's a warm April morning, about a week before my birthday, and I'm on a bench in Washington Square Park. I'm with the PBDs Park Bench Dwellers which is really my brother, Red, and a bunch of his friends. Not even 9AM and we're already halfway fucked up from the Bacardi in Will's book bag. In the midst of laughing at a joke I'm sure would not be funny if we weren't intoxicated, my eyes suddenly fixate on something. Someone. Time slows and wind begins swirling spontaneously. The music which was once pumping out of my boombox warps until my surroundings are in pure silence. I'm positive I'm hallucinating there's no way someone can be this gorgeous. I want to say something but between the lump in my throat and my flat out speechlessness, no sound comes out. I have no idea where she's going or coming from, who she is or who she's going to see and if she would even give me ...
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...Tesla: Supercharging the Future by Akash G. Nandi An honors thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science Undergraduate College Leonard N. Stern School of Business New York University May 2013 Professor Marti G. Subrahmanyam Faculty Adviser Professor Joseph Foudy Thesis Adviser 1 I. Introduction...................................................................................................................Page 4 A. The Inefficiency of Cars Today B. Thesis Objective C. Thesis II. Research and Resources...............................................................................................Page 7 A. Research Framework B. Research Perspectives C. Resources and Data III. Tesla in Context.............................................................................................................Page 9 A. The Global Auto Industry B. Tesla: The Innovative Disrupter C. Sparking the Electric Revolution IV. The Man Behind the Machine...................................................................................Page 12 A. Elon Musk B. Entrepreneur from the Start C. Space X V. Tesla Motors Overview...............................................................................................Page 15 A. Company Offerings B. Phase I. Roadster C. Phase II. Models S and X 2 D. Phase III. Project BlueStar VI. How It Works: The Model S......................................................................................Page...
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...About Gabriela's Women's Party Gabriela Women’s Party is a sectoral party dedicated to promoting the rights and welfare of marginalized and under-represented Filipino women through participation in the country’s electoral system and organs of governance. It is a sectoral party composed of women 18 years and above, having varied occupations, education, interests, ethnic origin, religious affiliation, and sexual orientation. Gabriela Women’s Party seeks to harness the potential, initiative, skills, and leadership of marginalized women towards empowerment, justice, and equality. Her Story Women’s role in Philippine society has been shaped, by and large, by the Filipina’s demand for social justice, equality, freedom and democracy. That yearning and her consequent struggle have had a long and glorious, albeit invisible, history. Almost 400 years after she led a regional revolt against Spanish colonizers, Gabriela Silang remains a model, a beacon, and an icon to women of the Philippines. She was the seminal Filipina, leading long after her death her sisters to the struggle against social inequities and foreign domination. In 1984, fuelled by the resistance against the Marcos dictatorship and an overwhelming need for significant economic and political change in the archipelago, women from all walks of life – worker, peasant, urban poor, indigenous, middle class, artist, religious – banded together to set up a national women’s coalition. They took the name of the 18th...
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...global trends in sUstainable energy investment 2010 Analysis of Trends and Issues in the Financing of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency United nations environment Programme Endorsed by Copyright © United Nations Environment Programme and New Energy Finance, 2010 This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNEP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme. Disclaimer United Nations Environment Programme: The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations Environment Programme concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Moreover, the views expressed do not necessarily represent the decision or the stated policy of the United Nations Environment Programme, nor does citing of trade names or commercial processes constitute endorsement. Bloomberg New Energy Finance: The information contained in this publication is derived from carefully selected public...
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