...Formal Research vs Business Proposal Latasha Jenkins MGT 600-1102A-06 Dr. Hal Graff May 1, 2011 Abstract In this paper, I will compare formal research and business proposals and maintain that formal research is academic in nature while a business proposal has a more practical orientation to it. I will also discuss the most important difference between formal research and business proposals is that formal research has no financial implications while financial implications are the most important characteristics of business proposals. I will also point out that the main objective of a business proposal is to identify a need which must be addressed in order to generate either financial savings or greater revenue, while such financial implications are not relevant in formal research. Formal research is not concerned with generating findings that are practicable. I have concluded that formal research generates a wide variety of findings that may be made applicable in a wide variety of contexts. Further, I also noted that the advantage of business proposals is that they contextualize the findings from formal research in an existing organizational structure. Business Proposal vs Formal Research 1. Introduction Formal research basically is a systematic and organized effort to investigate a specific problem or test a hypothesis. The goal here is to find answers to the issues that concern managers at work which is done in a controlled environment...
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...1) Background of the Study Author: Chieh-Yu Lin (Department of International Business, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China). Title: Factors affecting innovation in logistics technologies for logistics service providers in China. Source: Journal of Technology Management in China/Emerald Group Publishing. 2) Does it build upon appropriate theories or framework? If so, commend on the theories or framework been used. Yes, this issue had been build upon appropriate framework. This journal had been proving the importance of innovation in the logistics technologies. Through its theoretical details, many definitions of innovation had been given by journal writers all over the world. In order for companies to gain competitive advantage, they must embed the use of both innovation and technologies in running their business. Some defined innovation as a line of discipline, learning, and practicing their capabilities to expand opportunities for running a business or services. However, theoretically innovation is any product or services that are improved and upgraded with a more value added components. The journal is summarized as to have a number of factors influencing the innovation in logistics technologies, which includes the internal factors and the external factors. The internal and external factors are said to be the research framework. The internal framework basically explains on the adaptation of innovation in a business. Hence, the adaptation...
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...sometimes conflicting issues regarding an employer’s need to protect its property and itself against liability and an employee’s right to privacy``(Adams, Scheuing & Feeley, 2000). Martin and Freeman (2003) also examined key arguments for and against employee monitoring, productivity, security, liability, privacy, and creativity. Privacy may be invaded in four ways. The first is unreasonable intrusion upon a person’s seclusion. Appropriation occurs when the use of a person’s name or likeness is used for economic benefit. Third is public disclosure of private facts. Finally, false light Most cases concerning invasion of privacy by employers involve intrusion upon seclusion’s is publicly characterizing or placing a person in a false light (Chieh and Kleiner, 2003) Most cases concerning Invasion of privacy by employers involve intrusion upon seclusion. At this video to listening to conversion is not an ethic behavior and employee can expect to have privacy at that situation. As a conclusion, even the managers have right to listen their employees for some reason , they can respect their jobs and could not invade their private area as we had...
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...recreation, self-esteem enhancement, and social interaction. They go on to discuss demographics of patrons and analyze the different motives using numbers and formulas. They then compare the motive for attending a performance to the attendance behavior. This article provides a purely objective perspective on why people are interested in art. This perspective is useful to the topic of escapism in art because it provides a take on escapism and the purpose of art that is not influenced by personal opinion. In addition, this article looks at performance, a branch of art that might not be considered in other essays and can have an attendance that is easier to measure. Sheng, Chieh-Wen, and Chen, Ming-Chia. "A Study of Experience Expectations of Museum Visitors.(Report)." Tourism Management 33.1 (2012): 53. Print. Chieh-Wen Sheng is from the Chihlee Institute of Technology. Their paper researches the experience expectations of museum visitors using a survey. They narrowed their results into the categories of easiness and fun, cultural entertainment, personal identification, historical reminiscences, and escapism. They include information from “The Museum Experience” by Falk and Dierking stating that museum experiences include those from right before visiting the museum, while visiting the museum, and right after visiting the museum. They conducted this research at five different museums. The article was available on the website for Hodges Library at the University of Tennessee and was...
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...NTUC Income is Singapore’s largest insurer. The $20 billion company is the country’s only insurance co-operative and a leading life, general and health insurer. NTUC Income has earned the trust of 2 million customers and is one of the strongest financial institutions in the region. “We want to become an icon of service,” says Tan Suee Chieh, CEO of NTUC Income. To achieve this, the company first needed to change customer perceptions of it as “rigid” and “old-fashioned”. NTUC Income realized the key was to transform its own culture to focus on the customer while retaining its unique heritage as a co-operative. The UP! Your Service methodology was deployed and culture building programs cascaded to all 1500 employees throughout the organization – from senior leadership to managers and the frontline. A Steering Committee was also established to work with "The 12 Building Blocks of Service Culture" as a framework for year-round service culture building activities, while more than 40 staff have been selected and trained as in-house Certified Course Leaders. In three years, NTUC Income successfully shifted customer perception of the company to “flexible, modern and highly professional”. The company also moved from #3 to #1 market position in sales in 18 months. NTUC Income continues to pursue its aim of becoming an "icon" of superior service that matches the uniqueness and reputation of Singapore Airlines and Raffles Hotel. “The UP! Your Service programs are an important...
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...INTRODUCTION: The article chosen for the critical review is “ERP Training with a web-based electronic learning system: The flow theory perspective” by: Duke Hyun Choi, Jeoungkun Kim, Soung Hie Kim. The article built strengths from the limitations of previous studies. Based from their range of literatures, they have found a gap in the information delivery system which is the lack of theoretical background. Then, exploration and validation of relationships with its key concepts. Through these boundaries the authors evidently stated their objectives. First, to present flow theory as a theoretical foundation in e-learning domain. Second, assess what student perceptive factors are significant to the key constructs: flow (holistic experience) and attitude towards the learning outcome. Third, develop a comprehensive theoretical framework that can be practiced in the e-learning field. After empirically explored with the help of survey questionnaire answered by the students of the ERP training program supported by Ministry of Korea, the antecedents that revealed directly (learner interface and content) and indirectly (interaction, instructor attitude towards students, instructor technical competence) influence the mediating variables thus affect mastery in ERP usage. Results suggested the inclusion of flow experience as new theoretical background and flow theory as a “promising theoretical foundation”. The article was structured logically and comprehensively. For example, in describing...
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...effect on income inequality. It allows the lower income workers and their children to have an access to education. Moreover, individual with a better and higher education is more likely to secure a good job with high income. A research by Alderson and Nielson (as cited in Wells, n.d., p.5) shows that an individual who receives higher education is better paid than those with only primary or no education at all. Therefore, increasing education access could improve income mobility and thus reduce income disparity. However, this solution does not guarantee equal access to education. In Singapore, it seems that the local universities are accepting more foreign students. This is evidence from the information gathered by a NUS Professor, Dr. Loy Hui Chieh, stating the percentage of foreign undergraduate intake from year 1999 to 2006 has rise above 20 per cent (as cited in Lur, 2011, para. 13). The intake of foreign students is upsetting the local students as they not only need to compete with the international students for the limited places in...
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...as “An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth”. It sounds unethical to some people. However, standing in victims’ shoes, one can realize why they think there should be death penalty. Criminals who have committed felonies have left numerous heartbroken families of victims. Consequently, it is believed that capital punishment should not be abolished. Death penalty is definitely necessary for the society. First and foremost, in order to maintain social order, the execution of death penalty can eliminate criminals with unforgivable crimes like murder. Death penalty also gives victims’ families a sense of justice being served, for instance, one of the most devastating cases in Taiwan is 2014 Taipei Metro Attack. The 21-year-old attacker, Cheng Chieh, assaulted passengers with a fruit knife in the city subway, causing four deaths and twenty four non-fatal injuries. This incident again sparked the discussion on for or against death penalty. In this May, he was executed for his condemned action. As a human-being, one cannot predict when criminal activities happen and where they take place. The best way to reduce heinous crimes is to give death sentences. Some civil rights groups may state why not just give murderers life imprisonment. Prisoners with life imprisonment can still be released if they “behave” well, which means that convicts are released on parole. These convicts, especially who have committed felonies, still stand a chance of committing unforgivable crimes to make the public...
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...Case 3-3 Southeastern University Name: Yanchen Liu/Yu Wang/Yang Zhang/Yi-Chieh Chen/ Wenmin Huang/Zishu Lin Group: 2 Date: 09/03/15 SITUATION: 1. Ray soles,vice president of supply chain management at Sabor Inc,ganna sign long-term contracts about the supply of marconil and ganna try to access advisability of such commitment. 2. Sabot inc,produced high-quaility consumer and industrial air-conditioning and heating units,and the air conditioning needs the marconil as the material. 3. Marconil,a high-tech raw material for air filtration,had potential shortage and also stated increase significantly as a per-centage of total sales.. Current situation: * There are three suppliers including …….. * The population became more and more cared about the air quality. * Compared to other filters,the marconial air cleaning was more efficitient,which means the marconial can be replaced every six months.when combied with ultraciolet lightm,the marconial air cleaning was considered a hugh leap forward. IT cost 28 percent of selling price. * The air filtration sales became more and more frofitable,also excess the company’s forecasting. * Purchased folding machine had not been installed. * The number of similar cases is nearly 275 each year. * The current price of marconial was 50. * Bilt chemical proposed five year contract,25000 pounds for current year,20 percent annual increases.Warton Inc.proposed...
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...The important lesson that I learned is that team reward is essential. Leaders cannot decide to reward individuals only because one person cannot be rewarded based on team effort. Staff members should work together and not for personal interest because it is about everyone in the organization. In work setting, staff members should be motivated and rewarded as a team. I also learned that revenue and prosperity of an organization would have impact because of leaders failure in keeping good organizational way of working by teaming and linking it with group evaluation and team bonus, payment or award. One thing that is interesting me about this article is how staff members are working together and they play vital role in earnings or for positive outcome. For example, in System Application & Products (SAP) / Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), project management team works together and the success of project going live is depending on their efforts and performance not just depending on an individual in the team. This project management team will do their job together with collective efforts and they should get reward due to success of implementation. I believe after reading this article that purposeless joint effort affects overall efficiency and capability of individuals in a department with impact on organization’s income. Leaders should create culture in work setting, encourage combined effort and recognize team as a whole for achievement made. I totally agree with the author...
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...Decision Analysis Case Study FREEMARK ABBEY WINERY Khurram Masood’s section HLCC Consulting Inc. Julian Hong Nicolas Liao Alan Chen Cheng-Chieh Chao Decision Basis Information Probability of rain, mold formation, acidity, sugar level, wine price, reputation value, detector accuracy, spores effectiveness, immigration law Mr. Jaeger’s Alternatives Harvest now or later Use detector or not Buy spores or not Sell in bottle or bulk Mr. Jaeger’s Preferences Prefers more money than less Cares about reputation Uncertainties Probability of rain, mold formation, acidity, sugar level Decision Diagram Detector/ No Detector Rain/ No Rain Detector Prediction Acidity Level Harvest/ Not harvest Spores/ No Spores Botrytise/ Thin wine Sugar Level Immigration Law Passed/Failed Bottle/ Not Bottle Value $ Decision Tree Harvest Now Immigration Law Passed Rain Immigration Law Failed Immigration Law Passed Buy Spores No Rain Immigration Law Failed Mold Develops Mold Develops Low Acidity >= 25% Normal Sugar Acidity < 25% Sugar Low Acidity >= 25% Sugar < 25% Sugar Mold Develops Sell Wine In Bulk No Mold Sell Wine Case Mold Develops Sell Wine In Bulk No Mold Sell Wine Case Low Acidity >= 25% Normal Sugar Acidity < 25% Sugar Low Acidity >= 25% Normal Sugar Acidity < 25% Sugar Normal Acidity Do Not Rent Weather Detector Immigration Law Passed Harvest Later Rain ...
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...receivable) to test, if you are partial to any of these selections you could affect the audit opinion, and if you do not remain objective to such related accounts then you really can't consider yourself independent after all. I think auditors and CPAs are analogous to historians. Both professions must represent facts to their audience in situations that can be easy to manipulate to one's preference; failure to do so can result in severe detriment to public knowledge in either the sphere of education or the economy. A statement that I feel captures this sentiment perfectly is, "When we read history, we don't often think about the person who wrote it and what he or she was thinking, feeling or going through while capturing a nation's past" (Shih-Chieh Su, 2014). The same applies to CPAs. When an investor looks at financial statements, they aren't considering what a CPA may have been feeling throughout the audit, they take those numbers as facts and as an accurate representation of the company's fiscal year. This is why being objective falls hand in hand with being independent. To be independent as a CPA means to not be affiliated with the company, but by being partial to certain information related to the client, by the transitive property that would make you affiliated. To continue with this analogy, take for example a historian who chose to emphasize a particular event in history based off his own personal preferences. This event would then be considered more significant than it actually...
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...of team teaching and how they are translated into classroom practice. John and Golombeck (2002) [14] argued that it has become important to consider teachers’ beliefs and values as they serve as the background for much of decision making and actions in the classroom. Moreover, Peacock (2001) [15] confirmed that teachers’ beliefs do not readily change, it also shows that teachers’ beliefs may adapt to accommodate the contextual factors REFERENCES [1] Tajeddin, Z. and Adeh, A. (2016). Native and nonnative English Teachers’ Perspective of Their Professional Identity: Convergent or Divergent?. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching Research, 4(3), 37-54. [2] Medgyes, P. (1994). The non-native teacher. London: Macmillan Publishers. [3] Yeh, Chieh-yue and Wang, Yi-Hua. (2009). Native and non-Native English Speaking Teachers’ Beleifs and Their Influence on Their Practice: A Case Study of Elementary Team-Teaching in Hsin Chu City. Taiwan Journal of TESOL, 6(2), 93-120. [4] Fauziati, Endang. (2015). Teaching English as a Foreign Language: Principle and Practice. Surakarta: Era PustakaUtama. [5] Harmer, Jeremy. (2005). How to Teach English: An Introduction to the Practice of English Language Teaching. Essex: Longman. [6] Brown, H. D. (2000). Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. New York: Longman. [7] Luo, W.-H. (2006). Collaboration between Native and Non-native English-Speaking Teachers: How does it work? The Journal of Asia TEFL, 3(3), 41–58. [8] Tsai, Jui-Min. (2007). Team...
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...Chapter 11: Green Computing Prof. Yuh-Shyan Chen Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taipei University Prof. Chih-Shun Hsu Department of Information Management Shih Hsin University Outline 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Abstract Green computing architecture Regulations and industry initiatives Approaches to green computing Conclusion Reference 2 1. Abstract 1. Abstract • In 1992, the US Environmental Protection Agency launched Energy Star, a voluntary labeling program which is designed to promote and recognize energy efficiency in monitors, climate control equipment, and other technologies. • “Green computing" was probably coined shortly after the Energy Star program began. • Energy management has always been an important topic for laptop manufacturers, who have been working on this for years as they struggled to manage weight versus battery life issues. 3 1. Abstract Definition of Green Computing • Green computing is the study and practice of using computing resources efficiently. • The primary objective of such a program is to account for the triple bottom line (or "People, Planet, Profit"). • Modern IT systems rely upon a complicated mix of people, networks and hardware; as such, a green computing initiative must be systemic in nature, and address increasingly sophisticated problems. 4 1. Abstract Green Computing Regula-ons and industry ini-a-ves Government Industry Green Compu-ng Approaches ...
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...• Apa itu Sejarah? • Kenapa ia penting? Panduan SEJARAH AWAL Mengenali diri / identiti Semangat patriotisme SEJARAH IMI2015 1 Islam & Zaman Kegemilangan Melaka [1400M-1511M] Kerajaan Awal (Hindu) [100SM-1400M] Kemerdekaan [1957-kini] Zaman Penjajahan [1511M-1957M] IMI2015 IMI2015 4 Zaman Pra-Sejarah dan Ciri-cirinya Zaman Paleolitik (Zaman Batu Awal) 40,000 tahun lalu • Lokasi: Gua Badak & Kota Tampan (Perak); Gua Niah (Sarawak) ; Tingkayu (Sabah). • Ciri-ciri: • Petempatan: Gua-gua batu kapur berdekatan sungai atau tasik; nomad. • Cara hidup: sara diri (memburu & mengumpul hasil hutan) • Peralatan: diperbuat daripada batu Zaman Mesolitik (Zaman Batu Tengah, Zaman Hoabinh) 11,000 tahun lalu Zaman Paleolitik Zaman Mesolitik ZAMAN PRA SEJARAH Manusia terawal 40 000 tahun lalu. Bukti: i penemuan tengkorak budak lelaki di Gua Niah yang berusia lebih kurang 40 000 tahun lalu. ii penemuan petempatan purba baru di sekitar Kota Tampan, Lenggong (75,000 thn lalu) Perak man (11,000 thn lalu) Perak woman (8,000 thn lalu). 3 ZAMAN PRA-SEJARAH Zaman Air Batu 2 PENDUDUK AWAL ‘Timeline’ Sejarah Malaysia Pra-sejarah [-100SM] IMI2015 • Lokasi: Gua Cha (Kelantan); Gua Kecil (Pahang); Gua Kepah (Kedah); Gua Gomantong & Gua Madai (Sabah); Gua Niah (Sarawak); Jenderam Hilir (Selangor). • Ciri-ciri: • Petempatan: Gua-gua batu kapur berdekatan sungai atau tasik; nomad. • Cara hidup:...
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