...important strategies in China. China as the one of the most powerful countries in the world, its sustainability development is limited by several elements. This report aims to introduce the problems, which restrict the development of the sustainability in China and the strategies they made to solve the problems. The main problems 1. Land resources China's land area of 9.6 million square kilometers, ranking third in the world, but the available land accounted for only 1/3 of the land area, the per capita possession of...
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...Ecological Footprint Since the industrial revolution, human’s demand for natural resources is greater than ever. Consumption and waste are extremely high in some countries and this is negatively impacting on our natural environment. If human’s develop the world by destroying the environment, that will not be lasting and sustainable development. We need to find the way to deal with the human development and also preserve the natural resources. The definition of the ‘ecological footprint’ is a way of measuring our impact on the natural environment as a result of our resource use(WWF, n.d). The purpose of this essay is to find out the ecological footprint in different countries and how resources being used and give to my personal suggestions. This essay, will compare the ecological footprint between two countries, Japan which is developed country and China --- developing country. China consumes 15% of the global biocapacity, and is in the second place in the world but also has the largest population. In 2003, China’s ecological footprint was 1.6(China Ecological Footprint Report, 2012), under the global per capita average of ecological footprint. Carbon footprint occupies half of the whole ecological footprint. From the same year’s figure of The Ecological Footprint Countries (China Ecological Footprint Report, 2012), Japan 4.4 per capita is in the first of Asian countries. Japanese mountain accounted for 73% of total land area, in addition to agricultural land, one percent...
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...become more open to trade with other countries. Its international trade volume had risen from US$20.6 in 1978 to US$1,422 billion in 2005 (Wang & Liu, 2007). Since China’s exports mainly focus on the labor intensive and resource intensive industries, this exports pattern causes a serious environmental problem in China. Green barriers become a kind of emerging non-tariff barrier which is used for the developed countries to protect their production and economic development in recent years. The main forms of green barriers include green tariff and market access, green packaging and labeling requirements, green technology standards, Green health inspection system, environmental costs and green subsidy system (China west products, 2011). China’s agricultural, mechanical and electrical products are all facing green barriers, such as pollution, noise, safety standards and recycling requirements (Wang & Liu, 2007). How to cope with green barriers becomes the biggest challenge that China faces to continuously expand its exports. The purpose of this paper is to address and analyze the green barrier issue in China and to provide my ideas and suggestions on China’s exports related to green barrier. My following analysis is mainly based on the positive effects of green barriers and the specific example of China’s tea exports as well as three policies to cope with green barriers. I feel confident that you will strongly support my recommendations for Ministry of Environmental Protection...
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...Executive Summary The following case will analyze the Wal-Mart China’s Sustainability efforts. Wal-Mart China is in the begging stages of becoming sustainable, in an ecological sense, and faces some key issues. First the case will provide background information on Wal-Mart Global and Wal-Mart China to ensure the reader is aware of the circumstances. Then the case will analyze Wal-Mart China based on the 4Rs, recycling, resource, regulations, and reputation, described in Operations Management by Heizer, and how their efforts correlate with them. The case will then address key issues, such as questionable logistics practices, and price sensitive customers, and weary stakeholders. Background Information Wal-Mart Global Sam Walton “our customers are the reason we’re in business, so we should treat them that way. We offer quality merchandise at the lowest prices, and we do it with the best customer service possible. We look for every opportunity where we can exceed our customers’ expectations. That’s when we’re at our very best” (2011, Wal-Mart Culture). Sam Walton opened his doors in 1962, Arkansas, with the promise of offering the highest quality merchandise for the lowest prices while maintaining the best customer service. The company then sprinted to the top becoming a Fortune 500 and one of the largest retail companies in only four decades. Wal-Mart soon took on public scrutiny for being too powerful and with that came the realization of how much power Wal-Mart...
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...Nowadays in China, one issue is getting more and more severe as the increasing development of China’s economy, that is, environmental pollutions. Starting with air pollution, along with water pollution and soil pollution, China is currently facing the most serious problems than ever before. Establishing of many industrial factories has made China a top share in manufacturing. However, neglecting of protecting the environment while developing manufacturing has already resulted in lots of problems, such as the PM2.5 problem in many major cities, as well as the extreme lack of clean drinking water. On the other hand, concerns over global environmental issues, such as global warming, depletion of the ozone layer, deforestation, loss of biodiversity, trans-boundary movement of acid rain, and hazardous waste, etc., are mounting worldwide. About 25 years ago, a law named Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China, which set out basic principles and directions for formulating environmental policies, was enacted on December 26, 1989. This Law was formulated for the purpose of protecting and improving people's environment and the ecological environment, preventing and controlling pollution and other public hazards, safeguarding human health and facilitating the development of socialist modernization. The law has stated that The state shall encourage the development of education in the science of environmental protection, strengthen the study and development of the...
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...the Problem” and Robert Walker the writer of “Overpopulation Is Not the Problem? Really?” state that population growth is a problem, the author of “The overpopulation myth” Fred Pearce and the author of “Overpopulation Isn’t The Problem: It’s Too Few Babies” Joel Kotkin disagree. This paper will examine the work of these four writers to analyze their perspective whether population growth has negative or positive consequences. Lack of food, reduction in living organisms, ecological and environmental problems as claimed by Tal are the outcomes of population surplus. He asserts that deterioration of China’s natural capital was part cause of China’s food crisis during 1958 and 1961 that resulted in more than twenty million people staving; as many died due to lack of food. China’s food crisis should teach the world a lesson states Tal that the outcome of taking no notice to the lack of natural resources and growing population is severe. He agrees that China’s one-child policy was not popular with the china’s people, however, it prevented many deaths caused by starvation. Tal goes on to explains that in the developing regions of the world one in eight people suffer from continues undernourishment. He believes that if the current population growth continues in the world’s urban area it will double by 2050. Tal declares if that happened that will mean the cities size will increase, land used to grow crop will be reduced by 10 to 15 percent. Tal points out that “more people means...
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...for men, women and children. And it has become the second largest clothing retailer and producer in the world. H & M wants to contribute to the society and the environment, so it implemented many projects and took many measures. For example, it has cooperated with UNICEF setting a project to protect the rights of some poor children all over the world (H&M and water. n.d.). Although H&M asserts that it is an ethical firm, there are still controversies exposed by the news. A Greenpeace campaigner, Frauzel, (2011) wrote a report to expose that H&M’s suppliers discharge toxic water into China’s rivers, and that H&M’s clothing contains hazardous substances and chemicals, even the children’s clothes. The following paragraphs will analyze the unethical issue and give the solutions and evaluations. The case The situation and key fact H&M has become a second largest fashion retailer, but it is criticized by the campaigners many times, such as in 2011, Frauzel (2011) reported that the clothes from H&M contained an amount of hazardous substances, such as nonylphenol, ethoxylates (NPEs) and the toxic nonylphenol (NP). Because these clothes contain chemicals, the water which is used for washing clothes would also contain chemical substances at the same time . And then the suppliers discharged the polluted water into China’s rivers, which can devastate the biological chain and food chain, and also can affect the people’s lives. Meanwhile, She mentioned that after the issue had been...
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...China has become more open to trade with other countries. Its international trade volume had risen from US$20.6 in 1978 to US$1,422 billion in 2005 (Wang & Liu, 2007). Since China’s exports mainly focus on the labor intensive and resource intensive industries, this exports pattern causes a serious environmental problem in China. Green barriers become a kind of emerging non-tariff barrier which is used for the developed countries to protect their production and economic development in recent years. The main forms of green barriers include green tariff and market access, green packaging and labeling requirements, green technology standards, Green health inspection system, environmental costs and green subsidy system (China west products, 2011). China’s agricultural, mechanical and electrical products are all facing green barriers, such as pollution, noise, safety standards and recycling requirements (Wang & Liu, 2007). How to cope with green barriers becomes the biggest challenge that China faces to continuously expand its exports. The purpose of this paper is to address and analyze the green barrier issue in China and to provide my ideas and suggestions on China’s exports related to green barrier. My following analysis is mainly based on the positive effects of green barriers and the specific example of China’s tea exports as well as three policies to cope with green barriers. I feel confident that you will strongly support my recommendations for Ministry of Environmental Protection...
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...China has become more open to trade with other countries. Its international trade volume had risen from US$20.6 in 1978 to US$1,422 billion in 2005 (Wang & Liu, 2007). Since China’s exports mainly focus on the labor intensive and resource intensive industries, this exports pattern causes a serious environmental problem in China. Green barriers become a kind of emerging non-tariff barrier which is used for the developed countries to protect their production and economic development in recent years. The main forms of green barriers include green tariff and market access, green packaging and labeling requirements, green technology standards, Green health inspection system, environmental costs and green subsidy system (China west products, 2011). China’s agricultural, mechanical and electrical products are all facing green barriers, such as pollution, noise, safety standards and recycling requirements (Wang & Liu, 2007). How to cope with green barriers becomes the biggest challenge that China faces to continuously expand its exports. The purpose of this paper is to address and analyze the green barrier issue in China and to provide my ideas and suggestions on China’s exports related to green barrier. My following analysis is mainly based on the positive effects of green barriers and the specific example of China’s tea exports as well as three policies to cope with green barriers. I feel confident that you will strongly support my recommendations for Ministry of Environmental Protection...
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... A common approach for examining the general business environment is doing a DESTEP analysis. To be able to manage the future opportunities and threats the demographical, economic, social, technological, ecological and political factors will be analyzed. In the following we will execute a DESTEP Analysis on the food sector of the Chinese market. Demography Urbanization has been of great influence on the consumption of nuts. According to Yang and Gale (2015) per capita purchases of nuts by urban residents are 2.5 times higher compared to the rural residents. The urban population in China has been increasing annually and is now 52 percent of the whole population. It is expected that urbanization will continue to rise due to the fact that authorities are reducing the barriers to rural-urban migration. By 2030, the UN expects the partitioning of rural and urban population to be 38% and 62%. It is also expected that the contribution of urbanization allows the GDP to grow from 75% to 95% in 2025. (Hefele and Bade 2011) Expansion of convenience stores, highway rest areas, and airport shops and the growth of e-commerce increase the number of marketing channels for nuts. Chinese rural and urban population between 1985 and 2011 (Source: The National Bureau of Statistics of PRC) Chinese rural and urban population between 1985 and 2011 (Source: The National Bureau of Statistics of PRC) Economy The growth of China’s emerging middle class has brought a sweeping economic change...
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...and ecology. On one hand, innovation precisely means going beyond the norm, an implication embedded into the center of the world innovation—nova—which means doing new things rather than repeating what worked in the past (Jeffrey; James hazy) . On the other hand, the term ecology, which stems from the Greek word “eco”, meaning household or community, refers to particular kind of community. Innovation is the outcome of a system-wide set of processes and interactions—what we call an ecology of innovation. In a new situation, innovative leaders should find the diversities and amplify the diversities into emergent innovations, which will cause interaction resonance and render the organization more adaptable to unpredictable changes in its environment. Transformational leadership is seen as one of the factors that drive subordinates’ innovative activity, and as the psychological mechanisms that underlie transforming and transactional leadership (Howell and Avolio, 1993; Bycioet al., 1995; Koh et al., 1995). Transformational leadership consists of four factors. These factors and their definitions are: 1) Individual consideration: the leader pays attention to and supports subordinates. 2) Intellectual stimulation: the leader enables subordinates to improve and refresh their understanding and creativity. 3) Inspiration by a leader: also to be a...
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...The Negative and Positive Ecological Impacts of Technology Introduction In today's society more people are working longer hours and utilizing more technology in their everyday life. As a result of these longer hours and increased use of technology, more energy is being consumed. (Hayden and Shandra 575) The impact that this is having on the environment is substantial in both negative and positive ways. It is hard to deny the benefits modern technology has produced for the world, in industry and in everyday life. With more and more technological breakthroughs, there have been many positive ecological impacts. However, it is also hard to deny that there are considerable negative impacts as well. Supporters of a work reduction scheme maintain that the reduction in hours will have a positive effect on the environment and the raw materials that are used on a daily basis. (Hayden and Shandra 576) Though the argument that a reduction in hours will result in a better quality of life is largely agreed upon, the theory that a reduction in hours will reduce the negative impacts on the environment is still one of contention as there is no concrete evidence to back it up. (Hayden and Shandra 576) To counter this theory, there are those who argue that a reduction in hours will not result in a redution in damage to the environment. Each year, technology is making advances in producing low energy products that will reduce the damage to the environment. It is argued that with these advances...
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...Term Assignment Population Dishan Mariarasa (4655834) Concordia University Term Assignment The evolution of humans has both positively and negatively contributed to an ever so changing environment. Understanding and educating ourselves about these events has become relatively important. In the world scale there are some indicators that must be used to understand a country’s positions and the world environment. A few of these measures will be discussed below. The level of income, population, and ecological footprint are some of the key factors that influence how the environment and resources are used up. Each of these element are related in one form or the other. For example, If income level of a country is high then in most cases the territory has a low population level and high ecological footprint. This can be vice versa for any of these indicators. One or two of these elements have a stronger impact on the worlds environment then the others. In my view I feel that population can be a major player in environmental health and sustainability. Population is a stronger impact on the environment health and sustainability compared to income. Population has been factor threw out history, beginning with the exploration by countries like England. As the need for new resources became a necessity the world map has been revealed and the population growth has lead to discovering new land and resources. With the world discovered is there any more room for the growing population...
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...Taming the Dragon The Paradox of The Three Gorges Dam CHE 546 Economics, Environment and Ecology Stuart School of Business, IIT Executive Summary The title of this paper is Taming the Dragon – The Paradox of the Three Gorges Dam. I chose this title because as I researched this topic, I realized that almost everything about the Three Gorges Dam is a paradox, beginning with the reason it was planned, designed and constructed in the first place. The primary paradox of the Three Gorges Dam is that in its quest to make life better for the country and people of China, the dam also made things unbelievably and irrevocably worse on a number of levels. For centuries, China has depended on the Yangtze River. The river travels south from high in the Himalayas and then east toward the Pacific Ocean. The beauty of the pure water from the melting glacier at its source will turn into a ravaging, murderous river that robs people of their homes, food, livelihoods and even their loved ones and their own lives. Another paradox of the Three Gorges Dam is that it is an enormous monument of industrialization. It is more than a way to control water levels, protecting people from uncontrollable storm water. It is a symbol of China’s commitment to its future. Abundant, clean energy. There are those who argue that the resulting damage of the dam project is worse than the damage the river produces when it’s out of control – essentially the cure is worse than the...
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...University. With sales of $297 million in Americas, $286 million in Europe, the Middle East and Africa and $123 million in the Asia Pacific Cochlear supplies to 100 of countries worldwide, which allows them to use $119.3 million on research and development in 2012. (Cochlear, Annual Report 2012, 2012). Judging by these figures Cochlear have been very success in integrating their assets into global markets. In this report we will discover what adjustments would need to make to Cochlear’s marketing mix in order to fit into the Chinese market. Political In this current day China’s market development the prospects of economic gain has been a major factor within their political environment. Their private sector is it’s driving force and their central government adopts a growth-oriented incremental development. (Zhang, 2012). China is currently in a stable political environment. The political and legal environment in China can be contrasted to that of developing or third world countries, where the political situation is continuously fluctuating in a volatile...
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