...In sport culture, competitiveness has caused people to attempt to achieve perfection in sports. Human beings have a natural competitive nature; we try our best to win, doing whatever it takes. And the key to athletic success is by intense training. Not only does training help strengthen your muscles, it also makes you appear to be more physically powerful than others. We set goals and achieve them by putting hard work into a certain activity. An especially successful training method is circuit training. A circuit training program is a training cycle that involves doing an activity for a certain amount of time,then the next, and so on until you are making “loops” around your program. My circuit training exercise will be for Track & Field, specifically...
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...Circuit training is a high volume (repetitions), low resistance (weight) workout with short rest intervals and is geared primarily at improving muscle tone and definition, while improving cardiovascular fitness. This workout involves exercising all major muscle groups (stations) in one continuous cycle, alternating between the different areas to allow for muscle recovery and to force your heart to work harder in pumping blood (and oxygen) to these constantly changing areas. Given the nature of your short rest periods, it is strongly recommended you use machines that do not require much time to select your weight (as opposed to free weights) and that the machines are in close proximity to each other. Generally, circuit training programs comprise nine to 12 weightlifting stations arranged to target all major muscle groups from largest to smallest. At each exercise station, you should perform eight to 20 repetitions and take short rests lasting no longer than 30 seconds as you progress from one station to the next. Additionally, using weightlifting loads of 40 to 60 percent of your maximal ability ensures performance of an adequate number of repetitions for each exercise. Depending on your fitness level and preference, you can perform your circuit one to three times. Due to the lack of rest that circuit training demands, one maintains elevated heart rates for the entire period of exercise. The combination of weight training and increased cardiovascular effort makes circuit...
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...Logbook My cicuit training program is going to be a 12 week plan, to improve my overall physique and muscular endurance.i will be doing 2 different circuits, one beng a body weight circuit and the other a free weight circuit.my programme will include 3 sessions per week and start with 3 sets of 8 repetitions, after each set I will have a minute rest.i will measure my progression by decreasing e=rest periods and increasing the amount of reps. Also if I gradually start to find my sessions easier it will show my progression, as my cardiovascular endurance will have increased. My short term goals My short term goals, are what I hope to achieve at the end of each training session. These will be to… * relieve stress and become more focused * improve my self esteem and confidence long term goals long term goals are what my whole program is working towards, these goals are… * to improve my muscular strength and endurance * to improve my physique and muscualar appearance * to lower my risk of health diseases like high cholestral and obesity my program needs to be SMART Specific-my circuit is specific to improving my personal sport being football, I would like to increase my muscle mass and endurance and my cv endurance, to improve my stamina on the pitch and my tackling strength. Measurable- I will use the fit method, frequency,intensity and time.by doing this I will make my sessions more frequent and increase the intensity by having shorter rest periods...
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...have to combine the touch sensor(monostable mode of 555 and the transistorized dark sensor circuits. Whenever there is loud sound produced near the electret condenser mic, pin 2 of 555 gets triggered and it switches on the LED D1. The LED remains on for a definite time determined by R1 and C1. We can adjust the sensitivity of the circuit using a variable resistor in place of fixed resistor R5. You can check the circuit with 1K or 10K. - See more at: http://www.buildcircuit.com/clap-switch2/#sthash.XShIrDIv.dpuf The schematic of clap switch: You can see the steps for making clap switch on the video given below. - See more at: http://www.buildcircuit.com/clap-switch2/#sthash.XShIrDIv.dpuf If you want to glow a bulb operating at 220V, use the following schematic: clap switch operating 220V bulb Before you make this project, read carefully about RELAYS: http://www.buildcircuit.com/how-to-use-a-relay/ If you are not confident at making circuits, don’t work with 220V, it can be dangerous and harm you. READ ABOUT RECENTLY PUBLISHED CLAP SWITCH CHECK “CLAP SWITCH WITH TOGGLE FEATURE”. - See more at: http://www.buildcircuit.com/clap-switch2/#sthash.XShIrDIv.dpuf As what i understand, this clap switch can detect false triggering from claps where it protects your circuit from turning on and off due to unnecessary sounds or unintended sounds or claps. Very nice clap circuit actually but needs some...
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...Chapter 4 10. Assume a JFET has the transconductance curve shown in Figure 4–76. (a) What is IDSS? (b) What is VGS(off)? (c) What is the transconductance at a drain current of 2.0 mA? ID= 2.3 mA VGs = -2 v VD= Vpp – ID( RS+RD) 15 – 2.3m (1k +3.3 K) 15 – 2.3 (4.3 K) VDS= 5.11 2.3 m * 1 k Vs= 2.3 V 11. Assume the JFET with the transconductance curve shown in Figure 4–76 is connected in the circuit shown in Figure 4–77. (a) What is VS? (b) What is ID? (c) What is VDS? VD = VDD - ID*RD = 15V - (2.1mA) (3.3k Ω) = 8.07V ID = IS 2.1mA VS = IS * RS = 2.1mA * 1k Ω 2.1V ID = IDSS ( 1- (VGS/VGSoff))2 6.4 ( 1 - ( -2.1 / -5 )2 2.1 mA VDS = VDD - ID(RD + RS) 15V - (2.1MA) ( 4.3k Ω ) 15V - 9.03 = 5.97V 13. For each circuit in Figure 4–78, determine VDS and VGS. VD = VDD – ID times RD VS = IS times RS VDS = VDD - ID(RD + RS) VGS = VG - VS a) VD = 12V - (1mA) (4.7k Ω) = 7.3V VS = (1mA) (1k Ω) = 1V VDS = 12V - (1mA)(5.7k Ω) = 6.3V VGS = 0V - 1V = -1V b) VD = 9V - (3mA) (470 Ω) = 7.59V VS = (3mA) (100 Ω) = .3V VDS = 9V - (3mA)(570k Ω) = 7.29V VGS = 0V - .3V = -.3V c) VD = -15V - (5mA) (2.2k Ω) = -26V VS =...
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...multiplexers - Verification of the circuit behavior with a CAD tool 2. Problem description Design the synchronous 4-bit counter which outputs follow the predetermined repeated sequence of states. The sequence of states represents the sequence of decimal digits of your ID number with the following exceptions: (1) digits which appear more than ones have to be deleted; (2) digit 9 has to be added at the end of the sequence if your ID has no 9. For example, for ID number 105123456 the second 1 and 5 are deleted and 9 is added at the end resulting in sequence 10523469. In the binary form the sequence is shown in Figure 1. The initial state is not critical. State 9 should be decoded to generate special signal SYNC shown in denominator in Figure 1. In the prelab: the circuit behavior has to be verified in OrCAD. The maximum clock frequency has to be calculated using timing specs of the flip-flops and multiplexers (logical gates) from datasheet. In the experiment: first, the functionality of the counter has to be tested with a pushbutton that controls the clock and a 7-segment LED display connected to the outputs. Finally, the counter sequence should be demonstrated with the logic analyzer synchronized with SYNC signal, 4inputs of the logic analyzer should be grouped into a bus. 3. Approaches Outputs of four D-flip-flops Q3Q2Q1Q0 serve as outputs of the counter. Next states Q*3Q*2Q*1Q*0 are formed from present states Q3Q2Q1Q0 with combinational excitation circuits. By design we understand determination...
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...16 pin connector to scan tools * Incorrect data intered in to scan tools * The ignition switch not switched on * The control unit may be wiped out * The control unit may be in sleeping mode (b) Discuss the importance of updating scan tools on a regular basis. * The manufacturer requred you to update the scan tools * Using out of date software can wiped out the ecu data * When you contact help line if you don’t have updated software they want talk to you * For safety percaustion reasons (c) Outline the safety precautions that should be adhered to when carrying out diagnosis on an airbag electrical circuit. * Airbag can developed when you work on ai bag electrical line checking circuit * Working on the streering area checking ciriciut * Proper tools and equipments have to be used working on the circuit * Employee should be follow their duites under safety act (a) Multiplexing is widely used in modern motor vehicles. List the advantages of this type of wiring compared to conventional methods 1. Less wiring 2. More application can be fiitted possible 3. Lighter wiring diagram for the vehicle 4. Easier faults dagnoisis 5. Cheaper to munfacture 6. 7. . 8. (c) Draw afull wiring diagram of an Electronic Distributorless System (E.D.I.S. used in a four cylinder engine. The diagram should include all the necessary wiring, ignition switch, L.T. and H.T. coils, spark plugs, battery...
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...associated with this type of calculation repeatedly need clarification: * Voltage The voltage to use for your calculations depends on the system design voltage. Thus when you calculate branch-circuit, feeder, and service loads, you must use a nominal system voltage of 120V, 120/240V, 208Y/120V, 240V, 347V, 480Y/277V, 480V, 600Y/347V, or 600V unless otherwise specified (220.2) (Fig. 1 below). * Rounding Refer to 200.2(B) to end the rounding mystery. When the ampere calculation exceeds a whole number by 0.5 or more, round up to the next whole number. If the extra is 0.49 or less, round down to the next whole number. For, example, round 29.5A up to 30A, but round 29.45A down to 29A. Specific loads. Art. 220 doesn't cover all specific loads. For example, you'll find motors in Art. 430 and air conditioners in Art. 440. To know if you should look in another Article, use the NEC index. <b>Fig. 1.</b> Don’t make the mistake of using actual field measurements of system voltage in your calculations. Unless specified otherwise, loads shall be computed using the nominal system voltage such as 120V, 120/240V, 208Y/120V, 240V, 347V, 480Y/277V, 480V, 600Y/347V or 600V. Art. 220 has specific requirements for most loads, including the following: Dryers. Size the branch-circuit conductors and overcurrent protection device for commercial dryers to the appliance nameplate rating. Calculate the feeder demand load for dryers at 100% of the...
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...UNIVERSITY OF THE EAST COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT NEC 327 - ECE2 COMPUTER-AIDED ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT DESIGN WED / 2:30 – 5:30 / EN308 ACTIVITY #6: OP-AMP INTERGRATOR ACTIVITY #7: SUMMING OP-AMP RATING RATING 3, 2 QUIAMBAO, PATRICIA MAE M. 20140169557 FERNANDO VICTOR V. DE VERA, ECE, M.TECH MARCH 16, 2016 Activity No 6: OP-AMP Integrator 6.1 Objectives To capture and simulate a circuit where a waveform conversion is present while the output voltage is proportional to its integral voltage input of the amplifier. 6.2 Theoretical Discussion The integrator circuit is mostly used in analog computers, analog-to-digital converters and wave-shaping circuits. A common wave-shaping use is as a charge amplifier and they are usually constructed using an operational amplifier though they can use high gain discrete transistor configurations. The integrator basically works like this: whatever current I you get flowing in R1, gets integrated across capacitor C1. The output voltage Vo is simply the voltage across C1. One great application of the integrator is generating a ramp voltage. You can do this by placing a fixed voltage at VS that forces a constant current through R1. The capacitor then integrates this current creating a ramping voltage. The action is just like a garden hose running water at a constant rate causing the level in a bucket to rise steadily. The smaller the diameter bucket (smaller capacitor), the faster the...
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...------------------------------------------------- ECET-402 Week 2 Lab – Acquiring Temperature & Signal Conditioning This lab actually consists of two separate but related labs. They will be presented in Parts A and B. Objective: The objective of this lab is to use an LM34 temperature sensor to acquire temperature and display it in an 8-bit binary number using LEDs and designing simple signal conditioning circuits using op-amps. Parts Needed: 1. Multisim 8 (or higher) 2. LM34 Temperature Sensor 3. ADC0809 4. 8 LEDs 5. Wires, wire cutter, and wire stripper 6. Adjustable DC Power Supply 7. Function Generator and DMM Part A – Temperature Sensor We will use an LM34 temperature sensor IC to measure temperature in Fahrenheit degrees. We will then convert the analog output voltage of the sensor to an 8-bit digital signal using the Analog to Digital converter ADC0809. Finally we will use 8 LEDs to display an 8-bit binary number representing the temperature. LM34: The LM34 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors. The output voltage is directly proportional to temperature in Fahrenheit degrees. Output voltage increases by 10 mV for every one degree Fahrenheit. For example, an output voltage of 720 mV (0.72 V) indicates a temperature of 72 F. LM34 has a range of -50 to +300° F and can be operated with a voltage supply of 5 to 30 VDC. It draws only 75 µA from its supply. ADC0809: This analog to digital...
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...Bureau of Labor Statistics the projected job growth for this trade is 23% between 2010 and 2020. This is faster growth than all other occupations. This growth will be caused by more new homes and business being built that need wired. There will be more alternative power such as, wind and solar too. This will require new skills for electricians. There is expected to be 133,700 new jobs. The average pay for a skilled electrician is $48,250 a year or $23.20 an hour. Most electricians will only need a high school diploma or the equivalent, although some will choose to attend a technical school. They will learn their trade through a 4 year apprenticeship. This is on the job training. During each year of training, electrical apprentices will complete 144 hours of classroom instruction and 2000 hands on, on the job training. If one were to attend a technical school that would be applied toward their apprenticeship. Starting pay for an...
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...build a circuit to confirm the law b. Use Ohms and Kirchhoff’s laws to calculate the desired measurements B. Equipment c. DC Power Source d. Breadboard e. Extech instruments voltmeter f. 1000 resistor g. 3900 resistor h. 1200 resistor i. 3300 resistor j. 2200 resistor k. Wires C. Procedure l. Review Ohms and Kirchhoff’s laws m. Find the theoretical values for the circuit in Figure 3 n. Use the 1000 W, 3300 W, and 2200 W resistors to create the circuit in Figure 3 o. Set the voltage to 6.9 v and measure the values from the circuit with the Extech instruments voltmeter p. Use the found values to create the Thevenin circuit q. Check the values and confirm that the circuits are the same D. Schematic Diagrams E. Data Tables | VTh | IShort | RTh | Theoretical | 6.875 v | 1.69 mA | 4.05K | Measured | 6.8 v | 1.7 mA | 4K | F. Questions Pre Lab: 1) Find the Thevenin's and Norton's equivalent circuits of network in figure 3, excluding RL. VTh = Open Circuit Voltage VTh = (2.2 / 1 + 2.2) x 10 = 6.875 v What is theoretical IShort for the Figure 4? G. Conclusion In this lab I learned the features and how to operate both an oscilloscope and function generator. I also learned how to create a circuit using...
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...UNIT 3 HAZARDS 1. Any situation that causes a processor to freeze is called as _____. a) Hazard b) System error c) Page fault d) None Answer:a 2. The period of time at what time the unit is at rest is called as _____. a) Bubbles b) Stalls c) Hazards d) Both a and b Answer:d 3. The disagreement for the procedure of a hardware device is called as ______. a) Structural hazard b) Data hazard c) Control hazard d) None Answer:a 4. The situation somewhere in the data of operands are not accessible is called ______. a) Data hazard b) Structural hazard c) Control hazard d) None Answer:a 5. The stalling of the processor appropriate to the unavailability of the instructions is called as ____. a) Control hazard b) Data hazard c) Input hazard d) None Answer:a 6. The time lost due to branch instruction is frequently referred to as _____. a) Time delay b) Error c) Branch penalty d) None Answer:c 7. The pipeline sparkling is a scheme used to prevent data hazard and structural hazards. a) False b) True c) None Answer:b 8. Which method is used in central systems to complete out of categorize execution. a) Redundancy b) Score boarding c) Score Optimizing d) None Answer:b 9. The algorithm followed in most of the systems to perform out of order execution is ______. a) Tomasulo algorithm b) Score carding c) Reader-writer algorithm d) None of...
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...4. Employee Training and Development , Knowledge Level: Novice, Keywords: employee, training Read more: 4. Employee Training and Development Get more information on Entrepreneurship The quality of employees and their development through training and education are major factors in determining long-term profitability of a small business. If you hire and keep good employees, it is good policy to invest in the development of their skills, so they can increase their productivity. Training often is considered for new employees only. This is a mistake because ongoing training for current employees helps them adjust to rapidly changing job requirements. Purpose of Training and Development Reasons for emphasizing the growth and development of personnel include • Creating a pool of readily available and adequate replacements for personnel who may leave or move up in the organization. • Enhancing the company's ability to adopt and use advances in technology because of a sufficiently knowledgeable staff. • Building a more efficient, effective and highly motivated team, which enhances the company's competitive position and improves employee morale. • Ensuring adequate human resources for expansion into new programs. Research has shown specific benefits that a small business receives from training and developing its workers, including: • Increased productivity. • Reduced employee turnover. • Increased efficiency resulting in financial...
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...------------------------------------------------- Lab Final Unit 11 Lab Final: Voltage Regulator with Constant Current Limiting (PORTFOLIO) Scope and Intention of the Project: The Lab Final Project is a self-directed project with specific requirements provided. You will be given a design task which utilizes a standard circuit in the textbook. You will apply knowledge that has been acquired in lecture, assignments, and previous labs. Task: Your task is to design, simulate, build and test a voltage regulator with constant current limiting as shown in Fig. 11-7 on page 559, Chapter 12 in the textbook. In addition to providing a circuit which operates to the specified functionality, you will submit a project report with required format and contents. D1 D1 This circuit is to be built according to the following specifications: * Input Voltage Range: + 9 V DC to +15 V DC * Q1 and Q2: 2N3904 Transistor * D1: 1N4733 Zener Diode * R1 = 1.0 kΩ, R2 = 10 kΩ, R3 = 10 kΩ, R4 = 1.0 Ω * Nominal Output Voltage: + 10 V DC * Max. Output Current: 500 mA Required Test Data: 1. Line regulation for input voltage changes from +9 V to +15 V 2. Load regulation for load changes from open circuit to 1000 Ohm load resistance 3. Graph of output voltages for at least 5 different input voltages, using a 150 Ohm load resistor 4. (Y-axis scaled for output voltage, x-axis scaled for resistive load) 5. Graph of output voltages for at least 5 different loads (include “no load”) at...
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