... |PSY/410 | | |Abnormal Psychology | Copyright © 2010, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is designed to provide students with an introduction to theories and research concerning abnormal behavior (psychopathology). The course will address such topics as the incidence (frequency) of abnormal behavior of various types; how abnormal behaviors are classified into various diagnostic categories; the etiologies (causes) of psychological disorders; and the variety of methods employed in the treatment of abnormal behavior. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Hansell, J., & Damour...
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...and Eating Disorders Outline 1. Sexual and Gender Identity a. Categorized as just that, sexual and gender identity disorders b. Some classifications include gender identity disorder, sexual dysfunctions, and paraphilia’s c. Biological contributions include physical disease, medical illness, prescribed medications, use and abuse of alcohol and other drugs d. Emotional patterns of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships, emotional instability, identity disturbance, chronic feeling of emptiness, and often show symptoms of agitated effort to avoid real or imaginary abandonment e. Cognitively causes paranoid thoughts, to the extreme of having repetitive suicidal thoughts f. Behaviorally; individuals have/ show serious and rigid personality traits that causes anguish to the individual and/ or cause problems at work, school, and/ or social relationships (impulsiveness, intense anger, and stress) 2. Personality Disorders a. Categorized by how an individual relates to the world b. Some classifications include antisocial personality disorder and histrionic personality disorder c. Biologically; genetics are responsible for personality (a connection between genetics and personality traits) d. Emotional components reflect on a disruptive childhood e. Cognitively, childhood experiences shape thought patterns in which it later becomes the individuals personality f. Behavioral wise, individuals act out their beliefs although the behavior is self-obstruct 3. Eating Disorders ...
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...Personality, and Eating Disorders Holly Bracy Psy/410 November 18, 2013 Kathryn Westbeld Sexual and Gender Identity, Personality, and Eating Disorders Sexual and Gender Disorder Categories * Sexual Dysfunction * Sexual Desire Disorders * Sexual Arousal Disorders * Orgasmic Disorders * Sexual Pain Disorders * Paraphilias * Gender Identity Disorders (Hansell & Damour, 2008) Sexual and Gender Disorder Classifications * The DSM-IV-TR classifies sexual disorders into three types: sexual dysfunctions, paraphilias, and gender identity disorder. (Hansell & Damour, 2008) Summary of Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders * The psychodynamic approach focuses on fixations in sexual development and also focuses on defense mechanisms. * Cognitive/behavioral perspectives emphasize social learning of abnormal sexuality, classically conditioned sexual arousal to deviant stimuli, and reinforcement of aberrant sexual behavior. * Biological factors can include some disinhibiting diseases or injuries or mental retardation that can contribute to abnormal behavior. (Hansell & Damour, 2008) Personality Disorder Categories * Paranoid Personality Disorder * Schizoid Personality Disorder * Schizotypal Personality Disorder * Antisocial Personality Disorder * Borderline Personality Disorder * Histrionic Personality Disorder * Narcissistic Personality Disorder * Avoidant Personality Disorder * Dependent...
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...Eating Disorder Outline I. What is an eating disorder A. Disturbance in Eating B. Has Psychiatric Classification in Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV-R) C. Coping Mechanism II. Coping III. Eating Continuum IV. Normal Eating Normal Eating is being able to eat when you are hungry and continue eating until you are satisfied. Normal eating is being able to use some moderate constraint on your food selection to get the right food, but not being so restrictive that you miss out on pleasurable foods. Normal eating is giving yourself permission to eat sometimes because you are happy, sad or bored, or just because it feels good Normal eating is three meals a day, or it can be choosing to munch along. It is leaving some cookies on the plate because you know you can have some again tomorrow, or it is eating more now because they taste so wonderful when they are fresh. Normal eating is overeating at times: feeling stuffed and uncomfortable. It is also under-eating at times and wishing you had more. Normal eating is trusting your body to make up for your mistakes in eating. Normal eating takes up some of your time and attention, but keeps its place as only one important area of your life. In short, normal eating is flexible. It varies in response to your emotions, your schedule, your hunger and your proximity to food. V. Chronic Dieters 1. 2. 3. VI. Types of eating disorders a. Anorexia ...
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...Eating Disorder Outline I. What is an eating disorder A. Disturbance in Eating B. Has Psychiatric Classification in Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV-R) C. Coping Mechanism II. Coping III. Eating Continuum IV. Normal Eating Normal Eating is being able to eat when you are hungry and continue eating until you are satisfied. Normal eating is being able to use some moderate constraint on your food selection to get the right food, but not being so restrictive that you miss out on pleasurable foods. Normal eating is giving yourself permission to eat sometimes because you are happy, sad or bored, or just because it feels good Normal eating is three meals a day, or it can be choosing to munch along. It is leaving some cookies on the plate because you know you can have some again tomorrow, or it is eating more now because they taste so wonderful when they are fresh. Normal eating is overeating at times: feeling stuffed and uncomfortable. It is also under-eating at times and wishing you had more. Normal eating is trusting your body to make up for your mistakes in eating. Normal eating takes up some of your time and attention, but keeps its place as only one important area of your life. In short, normal eating is flexible. It varies in response to your emotions, your schedule, your hunger and your proximity to food. V. Chronic Dieters 1. 2. 3. VI. Types of eating disorders a. Anorexia ...
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...Eating, Substance Abuse, Sex/Gender/Sexual, Impulse Control and Personality Disorders Paper and Matrix Kristen Brown Psy 410 February 7, 2010 Kristi Lane Eating, Substance Abuse, Sex/Gender/Sexual, Impulse Control and Personality Disorders Paper and Matrix Biological Eating Disorder Eating disorders have been linked to many biological components such as genetic factors, hormonal and neurotransmitter abnormalities, and damage or abnormalities to certain structures in the brain. Research conducted on twins has shown that genetic factors play an enormous role in whether one will develop an eating disorder. Many individuals who have eating disorders also seem to suffer from other disorders that have genetic factors involved. Eating disorders have been linked to people who also have obsessive compulsive disorder. Individuals who have hormonal or neurotransmitter abnormalities tend to have no control over their eating habits. People who have hormonal abnormalities tend to have unlevel amounts of hormones related hunger. Bulimia nervosa is linked to low hormone amount of the hormones that suppress appetite cause the individual to feel excessively hungry. The reverse is the case for anorexia nervosa. Endorphins play a key role in the body’s feelings of pleasure and people who suffer from eating disorders tend to have endorphins secreted when they are completed measures to prevent weight gain such as self-induced vomiting. Lastly, some people who have been diagnosed with eating...
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...Running Head: EATING DISORDERS 1 Eating Disorders Connie DePlonty Bay Mills Community College EATING DISORDERS 2 Abstract We have all heard the typical stereotypes of the “perfect body.” Who has a perfect body and what does it look like? Are all girls supposed to be tiny and twig-like, and are all guys supposed to have washboard abs? No, and if this were true, that is how we all would have been created. According to the NEDA website (2014) “everyone is different, and that is what makes people interesting, if everyone were the same then we would have no individuality." It is important that the message of being your own person, to embrace your individualism and love who you are gets to young adults and teenagers. When the message does not get across there are serious consequences such as the development of eating disorders. This paper will review the types of eating disorders, history of the disorders, how they may be diagnosed, signs and symptoms and possible treatment options. EATING DISORDERS 3 “Eating disorders are psychological problems marked by an obsession with food and weight. There are four general categories of eating disorders these are; Anorexia nervosa, Binge eating, Bulimia nervosa and a category called (EDNOS) eating disorders not otherwise specified” (Eating disorders - In Depth...
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...Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM) is published by the American Psychiatric Association. It is a classification of mental disorders which offers a common language and classification of mental disorders. It is used by the medical profession, researchers, pharmaceutical companies and health insurers. The fifth edition was published in 2013. DSM 4 divided each psychiatric diagnosis into five dimensions or axes, each one relating to different aspects of disorder or disability. AXIS I: Clinical Disorders (all mental disorders except Personality Disorders and Mental Retardation) Axis II: Personality Disorders and Mental Retardation Axis III: General Medical Conditions (must be connected to a Mental Disorder) Axis IV: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems (for example limited social support network) Axis V: Global Assessment of Functioning (Psychological, social and job-related functions are evaluated on a continuum between mental health and extreme mental disorder) The fifth edition has simplified this classification into three sections rather than the multiaxial system, but there has been much criticism of the new edition with doubts been thrown as to its impartiality, resulting in a petition calling for an outside review of DSM 5. In Europe there is a tendency to favour the I.C.D. as a means of classifying mental illnesses. The International Classification of Diseases (I.C.D.) is an international standard diagnostic classification for all diseases. It is published...
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...Bruce Michael O.Andrade ENGLISH What is eating disorder? Psychological: Eating disorders are classified as Axis I disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders (DSM-IV) published by the American Psychiatric Association. There are various other psychological issues that may factor into eating disorders, some fulfill the criteria for a separate Axis I diagnosis or a personality disorder which is coded Axis II and thus are considered comorbid to the diagnosed eating disorder. Axis II disorders are subtyped into 3 "clusters", A, B and C. The causality between personality disorders and eating disorders has yet to be fully established. Some people have a previous disorder which may increase their vulnerability to developing an eating disorder. Some develop them afterwards. The severity and type of eating disorder symptoms have been shown to affect comorbidity. The DSM-IV should not be used by laypersons to diagnose themselves, even when used by professionals there has been considerable controversy over the diagnostic criteria used for various diagnoses, including eating disorders. There has been controversy over various editions of the DSM including the latest edition, DSM-V, due in May 2013. Read more: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eating_disorder Bulimia: An eating disorder in which a person binges and purges. The person may eat a lot of food at once and then try to get rid of the food by vomiting, using laxatives, or sometimes over-exercising...
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... |Percent Earned: |Comments: | |70 Percent | | | | | 25 |See comments below | |All key elements of the assignment are covered in a substantive way. | | | |Define the major DSM IV-TR categories of eating, substance abuse, | | | |sex/gender/sexual, and personality disorders within matrix | | | |Examine various classifications within matrix | | | |Analyze biological, emotional, cognitive and behavioral components of above | | | |stated disorders | | | |The content is comprehensive, accurate, and/or persuasive. | | | |The paper develops a central theme or idea, directed toward the appropriate | | | |audience. | | ...
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...Eating disorders has in the recent times become a threatening mental health illness in the society and as such attract a public discussion in most forum. The epidemic has mostly cut across a demographic populations of young people between age 15 to 25 as supported by Walsh (2007a) surprisingly, women are the most affected in this group. There are three classifications of this eating abnormality; known as - Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia nervosa and Binge eating disorders. However, I will base this essay on one of these classifications known as Anorexia Nervosa eating disorder which is defined as a physiological illness whereby people starve themselves and refused to eat - Ambrose and Deisler (2011). Another author defines anorexia nervosa as refusal to maintain a healthy body weight and fear of gaining weight Shepphired (2010). For the purpose of this essay, I will discuss much more on this type of eating disorder popularly known as Anorexia nervosa by DSM-V(2013). I am going to divide this essay into three parts. I will look at the signs and symptoms of anorexia nervosa. I will identify the possible impact of the illness in the life of a patient and her immediate environments (the families and Friends of the individual) and the treatment or nursing intervention. I will also relate this experience to one of my patient at my placement. In accordance with the Data Protection Act (2000) and Nursing and Midwifery code of conduct (2010), I have adopted the name Lola (not the...
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...both the medical community and in the public, it is yet to be classified as its own disorder. Drs. Pawel and Margaret Jastreboff first coined the term misophonia or “hatred of sound” in 2001. (Neal) People who have misophonia are most commonly angered by specific sounds, such as slurping, throat-clearing, nail-clipping, chewing, tooth-brushing, sniffing, laughing, typing, coughing, humming, whistling, and singing. (Cohen) Each person suffering from Misophonia will have his or her own symptoms and triggers, which can be referred to as their trigger set. While experiencing a trigger event, symptoms such as sweating, muscle tension, and quickened heartbeat, quickly consume the sufferer. These reactions often result in distancing oneself from the trigger or possibly lash out and express anger at the source of the antagonizing sound. The anxiety, panic, and rage misophonics feel when exposed to trigger sounds compromise their ability to complete everyday tasks and disable them from normal social interactions. A person suffering from misophonia recognizes that the anger or disgust is excessive, unreasonable, or out of proportion to the circumstances yet it is uncontrollable. Just like every other disorder, misophonia exists on a scale ranging from mild to severe. Diagnosing Misophonia is made through evaluating the feelings of an individual when they are exposed to certain sounds. Since the disorder affects personal feelings brought on by these noises, a diagnosis is hard...
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...According to the National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders, there are over 24 Million people that suffer from eating disorders. What is an eating disorder though? The simple definition of this disease is that a person exhibits abnormal eating behaviors. There are many different variations to these disorders but they share many of the same characteristics such as: fear of becoming obese, obsession with thinness, food, weight, and even calorie counting. Of the many cases though what is the main cause of this disease? Can it be psychological, an environmental, or a biological factor? In this paper I will explore some of the reasons why people develop eating disorders and how it all factors into a person’s everyday life. The two main eating disorders that I will be looking at is anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia Nervosa, a serious, potentially life-threatening eating disorder characterized by self-starvation and excessive weight loss. The four main symptoms are intense fear of weight gain, the struggle to maintain body weight, loss of menstrual periods, and the feeling of feeling “fat”. With developing Anorexia Nervosa, the body is denied the fundamental nutrients it needs to function properly. Therefore, it is forced to slow down all of its processes to conserve energy. By slowing down the body, it can cause serious medical consequences like an unnaturally slow heart rate and low blood pressure, osteoporosis, muscle loss and weakness...
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...Eating, Substance Abuse, Sex/Gender/Sexual, Impulse-Control, and Personality Disorders The capacity for normal human functioning is reduced when an individual suffers from eating disorders, substance abuse, sexual, gender identity and/or personality disorders. When an individual suffers from an eating disorder their perception of the self is blurred with a constant need to be “skinner”. Society plays a major role in self-perception. Society portrays beauty as women and men who weigh ninety-five pounds. Due to this current obsession to be skinny in today’s society, many young girls and boys will develop an eating disorder, or turn to drugs and alcohol as a way to escape from the daily pressures to be beautiful in today’s society. This paper will analyze the biological, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral components of eating, substance abuse, sex/gender/sexual, and personality disorders. The DSM-IV-TR includes two axis I categories of eating disorders, anorexia nervosa—restricting and binge-eating/purging types—and bulimia nervosa—purging and non-purging types. Biological factors involved with eating disorders include genetic basis, hormonal excesses and deficiencies and abnormal neural activity. People who suffer from anorexia and bulimia usually have low serotonin levels as well as structural brain abnormalities. High expectations set by parents is a key factor in the emotional aspect of this disorder. Many strive toward high expectations and suffer the effects of...
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...Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV-TR) Anxiety disorder Mood/Affective disorder definitions Anxiety is a disorder in which a person feels intense fear of something that should not be feared in such an extreme way, or something that is non-existent. Mood/affective disorder is a feeling or mood that is inappropriate or extreme for the situation. Examine Various Classifications Generalized anxiety disorder: chronic nervousness or fear which is not warranted by an object or situation. Panic disorder: feelings of intense danger even though there is no present danger Phobias: persistent, irrational fear of an object or situation Obsessive-compulsive disorder: uncontrollable thoughts and compulsive actions that are associated with those thoughts Post traumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder: intense fear of an object or situation which occurs after suffering a traumatic experience Major depressive episode: a person must show at least five symptoms in order to be diagnosed with this disorder. The following are the symptoms associated with this disorder: extreme depression which lasts most of the day for a period of time, lack of interest in activities that would normally be pleasurable, weight loss or gain, insomnia or hypersomnia, persistent fatigue, cognitive difficulties, thoughts or attempts of suicide Manic episode: elevated self-esteem, less need for sleep, racing thoughts, extreme distraction, excessive talking, excessive interest...
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