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Coaching

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Casos de Coaching en Empresas

Cuando una organización aplaude la disposición de tomar riesgos en sus empleados, obtiene empleados vivos y motivados. Los empleados se sienten mas energizados cuando se preparan para actuar en situaciones difíciles. Un dicho no muy famoso expresa: “Si algo vale la pena hacerse, ¡vale la pena hacerse ahora!” y es una invitación a experimentar y arriesgarse.

Robert Kiyosaki, en sus conferencias “El Dinero y Usted” usualmente relata la historia de la compañía IBM en los Estados Unidos. Un ejecutivo allí cometió un error que le costó a la compañía $9 millones. La semana siguiente el ejecutivo, seguro de que lo iban a despedir, fue citado a la oficina del Oficial Ejecutivo (CEO, por sus siglas en inglés). Éste comenzó discutiendo los planes para un nuevo proyecto grande que él quería que el ejecutivo dirigiera.

Luego de un rato, el ejecutivo se sentía tan incómodo que tuvo que interrumpir al CEO:
“Discúlpeme, señor, estoy desconcertado. La semana pasada yo le costé a la compañía $9 millones. ¿Por qué me está poniendo a cargo de este nuevo proyecto? Yo pensé que me iban a despedir.” El CEO sonrió. “¿Despedirte? Joven, yo acabo de invertir $9 millones en tu educación. Ahora eres uno de mis empleados más valiosos.” Este era un CEO que valoraba la disposición de tomar riesgos y aprender. Él sabía que era un ingrediente esencial para el ejecutivo exitoso.

A continuación se muestra como se utilizaron las herramientas de coaching para generar un cambio organizacional dentro de la empresa:

COCA-COLA - Coaching Ejecutivo

Problema

Un alto ejecutivo tiene un estilo gerencial abrasivo y demasiado ambicioso, creando problemas internos con sus inferiores y los demas

Acercamiento

Enseñar al lider a entender su papel de lider y su impacto en los demas, creando un plan de acción de reconocimiento de sus acciones en el curso de un año

Solución

Accion inmediata centralizada en resultados para cambiar su percepción de rendimientos.

Creación de sentimiento de propiedad hacia la empresa y de responsabilidad del líder

Demostración de nuevas percepciones e idea de los demás.

Resultados

El ejecutivo fue promovido a un cargo de Vice-presidente en un cargo clave de marketing, produciendo u incremento en la productividad de sus empleados en un 90%

Aplicacion Coaching en Siemens Latinoamerica

Una de las empresas lideres en el area de los equipos de comunicaciones y medicos como lo es Siemens ha desarrollado departamentos especializados unicamente para el desarrollo de herramientas de coahcing en todos los niveles de la empresa, arraigando de manera muy cercana los siguientes valores a todos sus empleados:

Valores en relación a los trabajadores de Siemens:

- Respetar al trabajador: tener en cuenta sus necesidades, escucharlo, llegar a pactos.

- Motivarlo: un trabajador que realiza su trabajo con satisfacción suma valor a la empresa.

- Pragmatismo: no despedir, sino colaborar con el trabajador en función de los resultados de la empresa.

- Si la empresa gana, ganan los trabajadores.

- Los empleados honestos, que exponen los problemas de su trabajo, generan la mejora general.

- Aplicar un complemento al trabajador en función de la satisfacción de sus clientes.

En relación a los clientes de Siemens:

- Estar al servicio del cliente y considerarlo como un “socio”.

- El éxito del cliente es el éxito de la empresa. Por ello, una vez al año les preguntan que necesitan, qué quieren y la empresa se adecua a esas necesidades.

Caso Practico de Coaching

Lucia es una mujer preparada. Ha cursado una carrera y es moderna. Antes de acabar todas las asignaturas del último curso se casó y tuvo un bebé. Su marido, que había hecho una carrera menos importante que la suya encontró trabajo en un pueblo y se fueron a vivir allí. Después de ese niño nacieron otros. Lucia acabó una pequeña parte de la carrera que le faltaba pero pensó que eran incompatibles dos puestos de trabajo con la familia que había formado. Si ella hubiera optado por tener también un trabajo, quizás hubieran tenido que separarse durante la semana, los niños hubieran necesitado comer en el colegio, quizás que los recogiese otra persona, quizás hubiera tenido que conducir y Lucia era de esas mujeres que tienen el carnet pero no conducen. Fue pues Lucia la que se quedó al cuidado de todos y siguió a su marido por todos destinos que iba teniendo en su vida laboral. Ella con toda abnegación estaba disponible para todos ellos.

Con el tiempo Lucia tuvo malas rachas un poco depresivas, se sentía encerrada, pero siempre manifestaba ante sus familiares y amigos la necesidad que tenía de estar muy disponible para ser ama de casa y cuidadora. Un argumento que justificaba por que los niños estaban a menudo enfermos, porque no querían comer en el colegio...

Sin embargo, cada vez estaba emocionalmente más inestable, una baja autoestima, no había aprendido a conducir y hasta cogió una enfermedad crónica.

El colmo de su malestar fue una conversación en la que estaba con unos amigos y hablaban de la organización familiar y doméstica. Ella manifestó que estaba enfadada porque sus padres la habían educado en la norma de que la mujer cuidaba del hogar. Su amiga, sin embargo, nunca había concebido su vida sin trabajar y esto independientemente de tener marido e hijos. El marido de Lucia terció en el mismo sentido. El no concebía su vida sin trabajar. Contó con detalle los sacrificios que hubiera hecho en su momento para descolgar su primer puesto de trabajo acorde con sus expectativas, dijo también que su trabajo no hubiera sido negociable en la pareja.

¿Por qué Lucia había renunciado tan fácilmente al suyo?

¿Por qué había dado por supuesto que era ella la que tenía que conciliar la vida profesional de su marido para montar una familia?

¿Por qué asumió esa responsabilidad?

¿Por qué no se ocurrió hablarlo y arreglar con su marido la cuestión de que ambos trabajaran?

¿Quién la obligó a hacer concesiones para formar una familia y quién a abandonar la idea de trabajar?

¿Por qué soportó durante años esa situación?

¿Por qué no renegoció con su marido?

¿Cómo puede ser que después de formarse y de aprovechar la oportunidad de ir a la Universidad, cosa que no había hecho su madre, hubiera cogido el mismo camino del trabajo dentro de casa?

Lucia después de todas esas ventajas que nos ofrece la sociedad tenía la misma percepción de los derechos de las mujeres que su madre y su abuela porque muchas mujeres jóvenes siguen perpetuando los roles de la mujer abnegada que sacrifica por toda la familia.

Lucia sabiendo que iba en contra de sus aspiraciones, era una mujer moderna y progresista, hizo algunos trabajos, sin sabérselos tomar realmente en serio, tal era el peso del estereotipo. El compromiso con un proceso de coaching fue lo que le hizo salir del círculo en el que estaba inserta.

Con el coaching se mostró a sí misma la seguridad de su decisión de salir del rol de ama de casa y al mismo tiempo el coaching le proporcionó un multiplicador de la puesta en marcha de su decisión. Lucia comprendió que salir de casa para trabajar no era una traición a su familia, que estar fuera, tener compañeros y cosas en qué pensar distintas a los constipados de sus hijos era saludable incluso para sus propios hijos. Encontró un trabajo, volvió a la universidad para reciclarse, se acostumbró a la vida en el "exterior", a las prisas... estaba muy contenta y muy activa, se decidió a conducir... Su marido también estaba muy contento, sus hijos se sentían más libres, el clima de la casa había mejorado mucho sin sus susceptibilidades, quejas, su emotividad a flor de piel...

Lo que impresiona en la historia de Lucia es el poder normativo que los roles de género siguen teniendo todavía para muchas mujeres. La conducta de Lucia seguía la conducta que una mujer debería tener, la expectativa social de que las mujeres dedican su atención a los hijos y el marido más que a ellas mismas, y esto sin necesidad de una gran presión por parte de su familia, solamente con la persistencia de la norma social. Otras mujeres trabajan y también sienten una gran culpabilidad por hacerlo ya que tienen sensación de abandonar a sus hijos por no estar enteramente dedicadas a ellos.

¿Dónde está escrita esta norma tan poderosa? Sin duda en la mente de Lucia, donde era preceptivo ocuparse de esa forma con su familia, no negociar su trabajo con su marido a pesar de compartir sus vidas, donde el trabajo de su marido tenía prioridad absoluta... un mensaje codificado y asumido que le costó años apartar.

El coaching le permitió organizar el tiempo, separar el amor que sentía por sus hijos de su ocupación exterior, librarse de la culpabilidad de salir de casa todas las mañanas y tener otras preocupaciones, de dejar a sus hijos en el comedor escolar... Una vez organizada la vida cotidiana, se pudo dedicar a su nueva vida profesional, la que hasta el momento se había prohibido vivir.

Como Lucia muchas mujeres de nuestros países desarrollados aún siguen presas de estas reglas. Sin concederse derechos, sin pedir, sumisas, sin saber que ya no es necesario plegarse a esas expectativas sobre las cualidades femeninas de la voz dulce, la abnegación y la paciencia. La sociedad acepta mujeres atrevidas, con personalidad determinada y con grandes ambiciones.

Las mujeres podemos seguir nuestro camino.

Las barreras existen en la sociedad pero también se encuentran en nuestras mentes.

Análisis y rol del proceso de coaching en el caso de Lucia para un objetivo: salir del rol de ama de casa

La conversación. En ella se establecerá el asunto a tratar, el objetivo de la misma, la realidad de Lucia, las opciones que tiene y qué compromiso hacia la acción está dispuesta a contraer. La escucha profunda del coach acompaña toda la conversación.

El objetivo de Lucia. La meta debe esclarecerse y entresacarse de lo que Lucia expresa, a veces con la angustia o el miedo que frena el proceso de salir de un atolladero. La meta adaptarse a un deseo real de Lucia, debe merecer la pena y estar convencida del cambio que va a operar en su vida. La meta no es tal si está desplazando una angustia, deber expresar un valor, ser real, estar expresada de manera positiva, ser cuantificable... Lucia debe saber si los resortes para llegar a ella le pertenecen y en qué medida.

Estrategias para lograr conseguir resultados rápidamente. Identificar qué estrategia es que conviene a Lucia por medio de preguntas estimulantes que revelen cuáles son las más adaptadas y las más rentables. Posicionar la acción exterior del coach y las estructuras de apoyo para la acción.

El feedback. Introducimos feedback informativo, para mejorar el rendimiento, y para reconocer las acciones de Lucia. En esta fase por medio de preguntas Lucia se responderá a sí misma qué le he impedido movilizarse hasta el momento, cuántas opciones observa para salir de la situación presente y cuántas quiere poner en marcha, por qué orden.. y posteriormente el coach reconoce su trabajo ciertamente complejo, lo que compromete más a Lucia con su propio éxito.

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