...THE USE OF BIOMASS WASTES TO FABRICATE CHARCOAL SUBSTITUTES IN KENYA Feasibility Study forming part of the Shell Foundation-supported project on charcoal briquetting in Kenya March 2004 Chardust Ltd. P.O. Box 24371 Nairobi and Spectrum Technical Services P.O. Box 69993 Nairobi Executive Summary This study was designed by Chardust Ltd. and implemented jointly by Chardust and Spectrum Technical Services, a Nairobi-consulting firm. The aim was to determine the viability of producing briquetted charcoal fuel from biomass wastes in Kenya. The study was funded by the Shell Foundation and conducted over a two month period in late 2003. The viability of producing fuel commercially from biomass wastes was assessed from four perspectives: (a) Availability: Existence and accessibility of biomass in bulk, preferably with no competing uses. The study began with a list of 28 potential wastes, which was narrowed down to 20 and then to just ten, according to a ranking system based upon basic availability and accessibility. (b) Conversion Potential: Physical suitability for drying, carbonisation and briquetting. Samples of the ten short-listed wastes were sourced and delivered to Chardust in Nairobi, where production trials were carried out. Based on these trials, a ranking system was devised for comparing the wastes in terms of their suitability for fuel production. (c) Fuel Quality: Energy value and general performance of fabricated fuel. The third part of the study comprised...
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...SWOT MATRIX The coconut industry is a resilient one, full of potential but has manyweaknesses. While it hosts many opportunities, it also faces many threats.These are considerations in formulating policy directions for the industry. Coconut Industry: SWOT AnalysisADVANTAGES CONSTRAINTS STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Inputs 1. Availability of good clones 1. Only 1% of the areas are plantedwith good clones2. No irrigation system in coconut areas Farm Production 2. Favorable climate in most areas 3. Senile trees (30% of stands)3. Availability of technologies 4. Only 1% of the farms apply fertilizers5. Plantings in marginal lands6. Intercropping in only 30% of the land Logistics 4. Established marketing system 7. High assembly costs due to poorroads and fragmented, small holdings5. Export facilities 8. Multi-layered marketing channels Milling 6. Presence of many mills 9. Underutilized mills7. Presence of refiners 10. Underutilized refineries11. Shortage of raw materials12. High assembly costs13. Low quality copra Other Value Adding 8. Many product possibilities 14. Cost of raw materials Institutions 9. Multi-stakeholders 15. Frequent changes in PCA leadership16. Lack of program support; toodependent on coco levy resolution OPPORTUNITIES THREATS 1. Stable and growing export anddomestic markets1. Poor global image in supply reliability2. Good prospects for value addedproducts (VCO, geotextiles, etc.)2. Perception of government inaction3. Alternative fuel (coconut methylester- biodiesel)...
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...for a range of purposes including art and medicine, but by far its most important use has been as a metallurgical fuel. Prior to the industrial revolution charcoal was occasionally used as a cooking fuel. Philippines is the Top 1 among the coconut producing countries. For coconut is abundant in our country, it is popular for its culinary purposes, commercial, industrial, and household uses, and medical applications. Coconut shells with husks are used to buff wooden floors, making it clean and shiny (free from dusts). Here in the Philippines, it is known as “bunot”. The husk and shells can be used for fuel and are a source of charcoal. Coconut shells/husks are usually left around and are considered wastes besides making them into husks. To get benefits from them, by a primitive process, they can be produced to charcoal which can be an alternative fuel especially for cooking. B. Statement of the Problem The study aims to produce charcoal using coconut (Cocos nucifera) fibers. Specifically, it seeks to find answers for the following questions: 1. How much charcoal can be produced from the coconut fibers? 2. How long is the coal ember of the Coconut Fibers Charcoal? 3. Is there a significant difference between the Coconut Fibers Charcoal and the commercially made charcoal in terms of the duration of coal ember and cost analysis? C. Significance of the Study Charcoal is already being used by people nowadays for...
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...Benefits of coconut oil for dogs As the word suggests, coconut oil an oil extracted from the flesh of coconuts taken from mature coconut palms tropical. But after the purchase of coconut oil to your dog, do not expect to be fluent. It pretty solid, kept under 75 degrees, just like your average lard or butter. But unlike that may soon become rancid butter, coconut oil last up to two years, courtesy of its high levels of saturated fat which makes it slow to oxidize. Coconut oil has had a bad reputation because of this, though. Several health organizations have warned people about the risks of consuming large amounts of coconut oils because of their levels of saturated fat. In 1980 and coconut oil in 1990 was seen less and less because of its...
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...gather all the coconuts ( ready to harvest) in one place...It's easy to do the job when they are gathered together... Second - Husk all the coconut; separate the husk and the whole coconut shell unbroken. Third - Break the whole coconut shell in the middle ( put it all together in one place)..Take out the white thing or the meat (Copra) using some tools.....(There is water inside the coconut when you break it...Find a place far from fruits it makes the fruit wither when it absorbs too much water from the coconut) Forth - Let the empty coconut shell under the sun from 1 to 2 days....( To make it dry - the drier the coconut shell is the better result of charcoal). MAKING THE CHARCOAL ( 5 to 6 hours or let the charcoal inside the Drum overnight) Things Needed: - Empty 55 gallon Metal Gasoline Drum ( without top lid) - Coconut shells - Match - Covering ( Fresh banana bark - flattaned (10 -15 pieces) - Heavy things ( Rock, pile of woods, etc) Step 1 - Put the Drum in a flat surface or to make it safer you can make a round hole, 1 ft deep, bury the bottom part of the drum with lid and cover it with soil. Step 2 - File the coconut shells ( one is on the top of anotther) in circle form up to the brim of the drum leaving a small space in the middle of the circle. Step 3 - Take a piece of a coconut shell and make a fire and put it in the middle of the circle on the file.Wait for how many minutes till the fire kindled the other coconut shells below....
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...Charles M. Madriaga BS-Biology III-A Area of Interest : Coconut water (Cocos nucifera) State of the Art: Coconut is one of the most common plant can be found in the country, one product that can be utilize out of it is its juice (coconut water), this natural beverage is consumed worldwide because of its nutritional and health effects justified by its unique chemical composition of sugars, vitamins, minerals, amino acids and phytohormones it is the most accessible ready-made product which contains electrolytes, a good alternative for energy loss and hydration property. Coconut water can also be used as plant growth enhancer, which is safer and less expensive than fertilizers. Because of the lack of an effective and locally available fertilizer and pesticides technologies, the Philippines resorted to the importation of 85% of the total inorganic fertilizer and more than 90% of pesticide requirements ( Javier et. al , 2009) Coconut water also can be used for preservation purposes, coconut water can preserve animal and plant tissues ( Cesar et. al, 2014 ). Research gap: Coconut Water - Properties, Uses, Nutritional Benefits in Health and Wealth and in Health and Disease by: E Prabhakar Reddy and T.Mohana Lakshmi * Study did not specify the diseases can possibly be cured by coconut water. * Lack of results shown on how coconut water could possibly cure diseases. Comparison of coconut water and a carbohydrate-electrolyte sport drink on measures of hydration...
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...BIO1-BIOTECHNOLOGY AND HEALTH SCIENCE COCONUT MILK MACHINE (COMBINATION BETWEEN EXTRACTING AND GRATER COCONUT MACHINE) H. Azmi, M. S. Mohd Nasir &A. B. Mohd Kahirul Fadzli School of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kampus Tetap Ulu Pauh, Jalan Arau-Changlun, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia. Abstract The purpose of this research was to design, construct, and evaluate a prototype ot Coconut Milk Machine which combined those two existing machines to produce the coconut milk. In current practices on the market today, to produce the coconut milk must be used two separate machines such as coconut grater machine to get the small pieces of coconut and then use the coconut extracting machine to get the coconut milk. Have two works must be done before getting the coconut milk. One big problem occurred during the grater the coconut kernel in the existing machine is not constant in order to produce the small pieces of coconut. In this project, first the research needs to focus on the design of the knife mill inside the existing coconut grater machine. It is important to get the small pieces of coconut in constant operation. Second the mechanism used to operate this machine such as mechanical and electrical devices and lastly how to automate that machine in order to reduce the operating time and to increase the productivity. Therefore, the proposed research is aimed to study the existing coconut machines available and investigated the problem occurred during...
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...ACCEPTABILITY OF AVOCADO AND YOUNG COCONUT MEAT AS HEALTHY SMOOTHIE Jo V. Ambat Annie Grace A. Bustamante Nico Braselle Casaña Raymond M. de Taza Manche P. Pere A research study presented to the faculty of Home Economics, Vocational and Technical, Education Department, College of Education, Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite in partial fulfilment of the requirements in HRML 24- Research I. Prepared under the supervision of Dr. Editha G. Reyes 1. INTRODUCTION The avocado is colloquially known as the Alligator Pear, reflecting its shape and the leather-like appearance of its skin. Avocado is derived from the Aztec word "ahuacatl". Avocados are the fruit from Persea americana, a tall evergreen tree that can grow up to 65 feet in height. Avocados vary in weight from 8 ounces to 3 pounds depending upon the variety. There are dozens of varieties of avocadoes. The rich and creamy Hass variety is the most popular type of avocado in the United States, and 95% of all avocados grown in the United States are produced in California, original home of the Hass variety. They are generally available throughout the year, they are the most abundant and at their best during the spring and summer in California and in October in Florida. While avocados are technically fruits, we have categorized them here as vegetables since this is how they are usually considered from a culinary perspective. Avocados can make a great base for a high-energy smoothie that will satisfy you and...
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...INTRODUCTION: TENDO COCONUT WATER First deliverable IIFT Delhi Ashwani Pasricha, Sanjeev Kumar, Mudrika Chandnani Agenda I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. The Product The variants Characteristics Marketing potential Market survey Target customers Positioning Recommendations Final word The Product Coconut water – a world of opportunity Coconut water is technically a fruit juice, extracted from unripe (green) coconuts. It is a popular refreshing beverage widely consumed in tropical countries, commonly sold fresh by street vendors still in its green shell, and drunk through a straw. For centuries, people living in coconut producing countries have been quenching their thirst by drinking fresh coconut water. It has been considered so healthy that various qualities were ascribed to it. In Hindu religious culture, coconuts are the best of all fruits and coconut water can cure all the illnesses of the world. The coconut is a holy fruit and those going to temples have to offer it as a gift. There is nothing like fresh tender coconut water off the tree, consumed immediately, it has an unbelievable taste and flavor and few drinks can compare on grounds of health. Around 10 billion coconuts per annum are consumed as tender coconut water in coconut producing countries. The fresher the better. Age can vary to taste but 7.5 months is probably ideal. Moreover, the drink comes in its own natural aseptic packaging. Amongst the reckoned names in the industry, product is hygienically...
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...Coconut Oil and Calamansi Peelings As Agent for Hair Oil Chapter I. Introduction A. Background Of the Study The hair is our crowning glory that holds true for most people since it is one of the things that leave a lasting impression when we first meet someone. The way that we carry our hair, our haircut, our hairstyle and even hair texture are all visible traits that can greatly affect the way that other people look at you. This is the reason why we need to take extra care of our hair. Our hair and scalp, just like our skin needs special care and attention. One way of caring our hair is by using hair oil. This research is about the possibility of oil extracted from calamansi peeling as preservative for hair oil. Hair oil is commonly used by people who have dry hair especially girls. Hair oil moisturizes the scalp, it provides hair into the sebaceous glands and promotes hair growth. The calamansi peelings we need in this study is abundant in the Philippines. We can directly find them in our kitchen, etc. Calamansi peelings contain a preservative called Pectin that is generally used in preserving jams and jellies. In this study, we commonly use the extract of calamansi peelings which has pectin to preserve the fragrance of the coconut oil and which at the same time gives an additional fragrance to the oil. This study employs the importance of this experiment to our economy in the country. B. Statement of the Problem This study will determine the feasibility...
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...URL: www.naturegreenoils.com Pure liquid coconut oil Pure liquid coconut oil is a new product from naturegreenoils.com that will be available to you via amazon.com Pure liquid coconut oil as the name suggests is derived from coconuts. This product is organic and has no chemical additives thus it presents no dangers to the consumers. Pure liquid coconut oil is made for people who care about the well-being of the skin texture. Pure liquid coconut oil is specifically made to improve the skin health. This product is targeted for both sexes. The benefits offered by this product are immense. First, it is purely natural. Secondly, this product can be used in cooking and applying on your skin. Thirdly, this product is packed in clean containers that are labeled with directions, quantity, and benefits for use. Fourth pure liquid coconut oil is available online through Amazon website. It is thus available to all customers regardless of their geographical location. This product is recommended for people of all ages. For more information regarding direction of use, reviews, or any other enquiries feel free to visit www.naturegreenoils.com website anytime. Nature Greens Company is an online company that provides its customers with high quality dietary and nutritional products. This company is based in the US and all of its products are natural. There are those products that are made from natural fish and there are those that are made from coconut oils. Nature Green ensures that its customers...
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...Background of the Study The Philippines remains as the world leading supplier of traditional coconut products. The Industry is also finding new products and uses for the “Tree of Life”: Coco Peat, geotextiles, activated carbon and virgin coconut oil. The coconut industry is a dominant sector of Philippine agriculture composes of 12 Million Hectare of farm lands, 3.25 Million is devoted to coconut and 68 out of 79 provinces are coconut areas. One of the provinces that have an abundant supply of coconut is Tagaytay. Coconut industry gives an opportunity for the locals to create and develop a lot of products that is made from coconut. The coconut is known for its great versatility as seen the many domestic, commercial, and industrial uses of its different parts. Coconuts are part of the daily diet of many people, which lead to the reinvention of an ordinary Cream Pie into Coconut Cream Pie. The original ingredients of Coconut Cream Pie are package refrigerated pie crusts sugar, cornstarch, egg yolks, butter, sweetened flaked coconut, vanilla extract, and whipping cream. Marisol Amparo Habelito, an entrepreneur, comes up with the idea on how to make the procedures of the Coconut Cream pie become easier and affordable. Instead of using expensive ingredients, Marisol used crushed biscuits, filling of sweetened strips of coconut meat and heavy cream on top as alternative ingredients. The Coconut Cream Pie by Marisol Amparo Habelito was initially sold at Marisol’s residence in front of...
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...122 Uses For Coconut Oil - www.DeliciousObsessions.com ww w.D e lici ou sO bse ssi on s.c om 1. Eat a spoonful when you need an energy boost. 2. Use it as the base for a homemade body scrub. 3. Use to condition your wooden cutting boards. 4. Use as a super conditioner on your hair (apply to dry hair, leave in as long as possible and then shampoo as normal). 5. Use as a styling agent if you have really dry hair. Just rub a tiny bit on your palms and apply to your hair and style as normal. 6. Keep a little container in your purse for lip moisturizer. 7. Add a spoonful to your dog or cat’s food. Coconut oil is great for our furry friends! 8. Replace nasty, unhealthy vegetable oils in your kitchen with coconut oil. 9. Make healthy Magic Shell ice cream topping. 10. Use it for oil pulling. 11. Use a tiny dab on your underarms for a natural deodorant. 12. Use coconut oil instead of shaving cream. 13. Add to your bath tub for a moisturizing soak (a couple drops of peppermint oil is wonderful!). 14. Use as a makeup remover. 15. Use it to help sooth chicken pox, shingles, or other rashes or skin irritations. 16. Use it to treat athlete’s food, ringworm, or other fungal or yeast infections. 17. Take a spoonful with your vitamins to help improve absorption. 18. Spread a thin layer on cuts or burns to speed up healing. 19. Take up to 5 spoonfuls per day for improved thyroid function. 20. Add a spoonful to your smoothies for extra nutrition and flavor. 21. Use on the delicate tissue...
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... just like our skin needs special care and attention. One way of caring our hair is by using hair oil. This research is about the possibility of oil extracted from calamansi peeling as preservative for hair oil. Hair oil is commonly used by people who have dry hair especially girls. Hair oil moisturizes the scalp, it provides hair into the sebacious glands and promotes hair growth. The calamansi peelings we need in this study is abundant in thePhilippines. We can directly find them in our kitchen, etc. Calamansi peeilings contain a preservativecalled Pectin that is generally used in preserving jams and jellies. In this study, we commonly use the extract of calamansi peelings which has pectin to preserve the fragrance of the coconut oil and which at the same time gives an additional fragrance to the oil.This study employs the importance of this experiment to our economy in the country. B. Statement of the Problem This study will determine the feasibility of the Oil Extracted from Calamansi Peelings as preservative for Hair oil. In so doing, the characteristics will be compared to commercial hair oil. Most specifically, the researcher aims to: 1. Compare the product to commercial preparations in terms of fragrance C. Hypothesis There is no significant difference between the product and commercial hair oil. D.Significance of the Study The increasingly high prices of goods and cosmetics nowadays are the...
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...Recent Research in Science and Technology 2011, 3(4): 155-157 ISSN: 2076-5061 www.recent-science.com PHARMACY CARDIOTONIC ACTIVITY OF COCONUT WATER (COCOS NUCIFERA) Hemanth Sairam Pattigadapa∗, M. Ramesh, C.H. Praneeth Sagar, U. Bhaskar Rao, G. Lakshman, M. Ankaiah, J. Balu Naik 1Sree college of Pharmacy, Nayakulagudem (vil.), Khammam (Dist.), A.P. (State), India Abstract The coconut (Cocos nucifera) is a member of the family Arecaceae (Palm family). Various parts of this tree is used in the treatment of, cancer (due to hexane fraction of coconut peel), indomethacin-induced ulceration (coconut milk).Coconut water consumption reduces diastolic blood pressure (due to the presence of potassium).In the present work fresh coconut water, dilution 1:1(coconut water: distilled water), are used to evaluate cardiac activity on the isolated frog heart and are labeled as T1, & T2 respectively and compared with Digoxin (S1) as standard solution. It was found that sample T1(Undiluted coconut water) showed better response as compared to the diluted coconut water(T2).These preliminary studies confirm the cardiotonic activity of the coconut water(Cocos nucifera). Keywords: Physical properties, Jakekur, Water, Quality Introduction The cardiovascular system includes the heart, blood vessels, spleen, and lymphatic system. The main function of this system is to maintain homeostasis by acting as a transportation system that carries needed materials...
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