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Coffee Crisis Analysis

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Submitted By coacheltaylor
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The crisis took the form of a decline in coffee prices at world wide levels since 2001.All farmers who grew coffee suffered income losses; especially small farmers in poor and low developed economies like latin America, Asia and Africa. Almost 25 million farmers were hit financially leading to more urgent, negative social consequence. Prices of coffee are based on the composite price index of the International Coffee Organization. It uses prices of two main types of coffee-arabica and robusta. This shows a decline from 141 cents to 52 cents per pound between 1984 to 2003.

EQUILIBRIUM / MARKET PRICE FOR COFFEE

This is found where the demand curve intersects the supply curve. The equilibrium price occurs at P* and the quantity traded is Q*. What happened in early part of the decade of 2000 was that supply was high but demand was falling. We illustate this on the diagram below

CAUSES FOR DEREASE IN DEMAND

The main reason for a fall in demand for coffee was the decline in cosumption in USA. This nation consumes 20% ofthe total world coffee. Its per capita consumption of coffee fell from 36 gallons to 17 gallons per person between 1970 and 1990. The rise of alternatives like soft drinks and others like tea can be the cause. However demand was somewhat rescued bythe rise in consumption from UK and other developed nations.

CAUSES FOR RISE IN SUPPLY

• Brazil and Vietnam are major coffee producers. After the frost years of 1990s Brazilians developed new techniques that allowed greater land to be used for coffee plants, along with mechanised techniques. This allowed for higher output of coffee.

• Vietnam governmnet also began to support its farmers as its agriculture sector was privatised in 1990. The government provided irrigation facilities and other assistance, so that by the end on 1990s Vietnam was the largest producer of a particulat

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