...Throughout the American history, there have been diverse peoples who had once taken root or still existing in this country. Among those people, Spanish and English colonization had played important roles in shaping today’s America. In fact, beginning in the 1400s, European countries had been searching for sea routes to reach Asia. In 1492, Christopher Columbus, an Italian navigator, sailed west and believed that he had found China, which was actually Cuba. Although Columbus did not find the passage to Asia successfully, his discovery of America marked as a start of Spanish exploration in America and changed the history of the United States. England, another European country which later colonized America, showed little interest in the exploration...
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...Midterm Essay Christopher Riojas Keiser University Introduction Adventure and discovery of land and territories in the early centuries were the order of the day for the majority of the stable nations, armies and organized ethnic groups who searched for food, water, and places of settlement. The adventuring movements of communities across the world brought about acquisition of property, resources and territories that later converted to the states and the countries under currently existing geographical boundaries. This effect culminated in more aggression in the movement and acquisition of territories that later turned out to be colonized. During the pre-colonial era, communities under the leadership of ethnic chiefs controlled tribes and extracted resources that were only within their territories. More land was unoccupied thus attracting other foreign immigrants who, moved in search of better resources and experiences. It is in the spirit of discovery and colonization, this article puts into perspective the development of a new state of Virginia in America. Precisely at Jamestown, as it is told through a film called “The New World”, directed by Terrence Mallick, and a story book called “The General History of Virginia, New England, and The Summer Isles”, by Smith (pg.57-69). This article analyses the two sources, the film and the book as their stories are related by both explaining the discovery and development of Jamestown and Virginia. This region has been captured in...
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...History always requires us to place things in their context and to avoid judging the past through the eyes of the present. But this is not true and it’s actually the opposite looking at the ideological forces that have shaped North (First World) and South (Third World) countries relations for half a century. In this essay one will be looking at the question of to what extend can the process of colonialism be blamed for the problems being experienced by developing countries today? Also matters pertaining to African migration, the spread of Islam, gold and slaves will be included in this essay as they are central to the process of colonialism. Towards the end of the last century, with a long history already behind it European colonization branched out in quite different forms according to the place and the interests of the metropolis. According to Thirlwell (1994:60) it was “a transitional period in which brutal power relations existed alongside paternalist feelings of responsibility towards natives who needed to be civilised” thus, great powers put the then dominant ideas into practice opening up the way to the so called “development” (Thirlwell, 1994). According to Rist (1997:100) “colonialism is a practice of domination, which involves the subjugation of one people to another”. The term colony comes from the Latin word colonus, meaning farmer. Thus, one believes that this root reminds us that the practice of colonialism usually involved the transfer of population to a new...
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...• Robert Livingston • War of 1812- Military conflict between US and Britain following revolution about unresolved issues: trade restrictions, etc. • Tecumseh- Native American leader of the Shawnee and a large tribal confederacy; opposed US in war of 1812. • John Quincy Adams- sixth president; whig. • Empire of Liberty- theme developed first by Thomas Jefferson to identify America's world responsibility to spread freedom across the globe. Jefferson saw America's mission in terms of setting an example, expansion into the west, and by intervention abroad. • Transportation Revolution- early 1800s, development of steamboats, canals, and railroads. Faster transport of people, products, and knowledge. • National Road- First major improved highway in the United States to be built by the federal government. Connection between the Potomac and Ohio Rivers and a gateway to the West for thousands of settlers. • Communication Revolution- Samuel Morse invented telegraph. • The Market Revolution- improvements in how goods were processed and fabricated as well as by a transformation of how labor was organized to process trade goods for consumption. • Porkopolis- Cincinnati was the country's chief hog packing center, and herds of pigs traveled the streets. • Labor theory of value- The value of a commodity is only related to the labor needed to produce or obtain that commodity and not to other factors of production • Second Party System- 2 party system • Democrats-...
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...The Theme of Death in Dr. Futurity Dr. Futurity is a science fiction novel written by Phillip K. Dick, and was first published in 1960. The story is about Dr. Jim Parsons who is taken from the year 2012 to 2405. According to the author, the future world does not require doctors because the society would have embraced eugenics and death. In this future world, the society is grouped into tribes with animal totems as symbols of representation. The tribes are in competition with one another in determining the future generations. In the novel Dr. Futurity, there are different themes. This essay will focus on the theme of death. Dunst and Stefan (15) in their work explore the theme of death by examining the profession of Dr. Parsons. Dr. Parsons...
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...1. Evaluate the complex interaction of cultures that resulted with the arrival of European explorers and colonies. Was this interaction more harmful or beneficial to both Europeans and Native Americans? The cultural interactions between the Europeans and the Native Americans were ultimately destructive for the natives, but overall beneficial for the Europeans. It is clearly stated in many history books that the European diseases brought over to the Americas decimated much of the native population. This dramatic loss of population affected the natives willingness to resist European assimilation, and thus contributed to the loss of many native cultures but a blending of European and native cultures. Furthermore, the natives were often...
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...Mercantilist believed that economic power was rooted in a favorable balance of trade, which means exporting more than one is importing, and the control of spice. Colonies in West Indies that produced sugar and other valuable commodities were seen to be more important than the colonies on the North American continent. It seem the colonies on the North American continent were seen primarily as markets. Even though they had valuable sources of raw materials. Despite trade regulations the colonists maintained a large degree of autonomy. Every colony had a governor who was appointed by either the king or proprietor. Although the governor had powers similar to the king, he was also dependent on colonial legislatures for money. The governor, whatever his official powers, was essentially strand in the new world. His power relied on the cooperation of colonists, and governors ruled according, only infrequently overruling the...
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...Essay n°2: the early thinkers and the Native American Societies This essay is trying to seek elements of answer to the question of the absence of state structures in Native American societies in the writing of Lafitau, Jefferson and Locke. It will also deal with the advantages that the Europeans colonists gained from this disorganization. Joseph François Lafitau, a very famous French Jesuit priest made a big contribution in the elements we today have about the period of the American colonization. He is still known today, as the father of anthropology. Lafitau in his famous book Customs of the American Indians compared with the Customs of Primitive Times published in 1724 made a deep study of the customs of the Iroquois (a tribe from North...
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...World History Dr. Mahdavi History 101 Fall 2012 Study Guide For Mid-Term Examination The examination will consist of 5 essay questions of which one is mandatory to write upon (40 points). You may choose any other two to write about (30 points each) for a total of 100 points 93 - 100 A 73 - 76 C 90 - 92 A- 70 - 72 C- 87 - 89 B+ 67 - 69 D+ 83 - 86 B 63 - 66 D 80 - 82 B- 60 - 62 D- 77 - 79 C+ 59 or below F=0 In reviewing for the examination, focus your study on the following general topics: 1) 1.Examine the centralizing efforts in countries like France, Spain, and England. How and in what ways were they successful? Why was the Holy Roman Empire not as successful as other European states in centralizing power? 1. 2) Examine the career of Martin Luther. 1:What were the foundations of his Reformation? 2: What legacy did he leave Europe? (Bentley & Zeigler, Chap. 23) A: 1: POLITICAL INTRIGUES, COMBINED WITH THE CHURCH’S GROWING WEALTH AND POWER, ALSO FOSTERED GREED AND CORRUPTION, WHICH UNDERMINED THE CHURCH’S SPIRITUAL AUTHORITY AND MADE IT VALNERABLE TO CRITISISM. 2: IT LED TO THE CHURCH REFORM ALONG TO LUTHERS TEACHINGS, WHICH MANY CITIES PASSED LAWS PROHIBITING ROMAN CATHOLIC OBSERVANCES AND REQUIRING RELIGIOUS SERVICES TO FOLLOW PROTESTANT DOCTRINE AND PROCEDURE. 3) Learn about the Scientific Revolution and 1:why the early discoveries of the Scientific Revolution met with such resistance? 2:...
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...Essay Question 1: In what ways did the character and composition of the black population and the institution of slavery in the Chesapeake change between the middle of the seventeenth century and the early decades of the eighteenth century? The early Chesapeake was characterized by a labor system heavily dependent on indentured servants, primarily young, single men from England who contracted to work for a set period of time in exchange for passage to the New World. This system, however, faced significant challenges. The mortality rate among indentured servants was high due to harsh conditions, disease, and inadequate provisions. Moreover, as the colony expanded and the demand for labor grew, the supply of indentured servants began to dwindle....
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...The major difference of Spanish and English motives for the colonization was use if military. The Spanish Conquistadors subjugated and exterminated the native populations in order to create a vast Spanish empire in the New World. They used a military brutality and a greed to control the native populations. In the other hand, English settlers interacted with Indians and elicited numerous knowledge about the New World. Their motives were more religious and economic than conquerable. 3. The slave system in Guinea greatly affected the character of American civilization. However, the slavery that African would experience at the hands of the Europeans was to be very different. Slavery in Africa was usually temporary and retained certain legal protections for an individual slave. Since there were high demands for workers in Caribbean and America due to labor shortages and labor-intensive crops, especially sugar and rice, slaves had to stay permanently in plantations; and overcome harsh conditions, including climates. Europeans and white Americans came to portray African society as primitive and uncivilized in part to justify the enslavement of Africa’s people. This statement “The slave system...
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...Why Nations Fail In this essay, I am reviewing a book entitled Why Nations Fail written by Daron Acemoglu, and James Robinson. The book was written in 2012, and the authors mention the ongoing Arab Spring as they were putting together their ideas in writing. This coincidence makes me wonder if these authors were also impacted by the information revolution or the information outburst as Nye (2013) often chooses to call. In fact, the authors did not mention the term ‘information revolution’ in the book; they simply state that Egyptians are on the street not because they are poor, as many scholars and political analysts suggest, but because power has resided in the hands of a few elites, and these elites have used political power to amass personal wealth at the expense of the bigger mass. But why the Egyptian revolution took place at this particular time, instead of a decade ago, for example? As far as I understand political theories, the answer lies behind globalization and information revolution which opened a new gate to information. That is, since billions of people around the globe are capable of reaching the internet (about 1.7 million according to Nye), many are able to read online news, or even watch them live as they are being broadcasted. Thus, it is possible to associate the Egyptian revolution or the Arab Spring to globalization and information revolution. Acemoglu et al, (2012) also indicate that Egypt’s ex-president, Hosni Mubarak gathered a huge amount of...
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...Running Head: Frederick Douglas Independence Day Speech Frederick Douglas Independence Day Speech [Name of the writer] [Name of the institution] Frederick Douglas Independence Day Speech Introduction In the nineteenth century, many communities and cities in America celebrates Independence Day with a solemn reading of the Declaration of Independence, followed by a general direction, either oral or a speech marking the celebration of independence and heritage of the American Revolution founding fathers. On July 5, 1852 "Ladies Society of slavery in Rochester, New York, suggested that Douglas will be the keynote speaker during the celebration of Independence Day. Mr. Douglas denounced the journalists and advocates of the abolition of slavery of African origin as the evil of slavery, which still prevails in South America at the time. He received a sheer support from the Declaration of Independence and established the general principles of American institutions that will work inevitably to depose slavery. Analytical Summary In the darkest moments of World War II, on July 4 President Franklin Delano Roosevelt reminded the nation that the democratic freedom which was claimed by the citizens has been established for them. According to him, July 4 is a tonic of hope and inspiration for all the nation. So the people should stand stronga and fight for freedom in this dark hour. People received this message as a breath of security, right to liberty for...
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...Laura Niemi HIS-221 March 17, 2012 Erin Morris Timeline Part I Describe three different American Indian cultures prior to colonization.1200-1900C.E. The Anasazi occupied the Southwest which included Arizona, Colorado, Utah, and New Mexico. Their work consisted of basket making and stonework. The Iroquois was one of the largest tribes. They had different languages and traditions. The Algonkian lived in the Northeast. Their first encounters were with the Europeans. They existed with hunting and The effects of British colonization on the Native Americans. 1600’s One effect was when the Europeans brought unknown diseases. They brought alcohol, guns, and horses. By bringing these new changes it was a way to effectively change their ways. Guns changed their ways of hunting for food. Due to these changes, some of these groups moved which led them to having little or no food. The evolution of the socio-political milieu during the colonial period, including Protestant Christianity’s impact on colonial social life. 1600-1700’s Emergence of local governing bodies (The House of Burgesses in VA) Official churches by state (Maryland was Catholic; Southern colonies tended to be proprietary, they were Anglican. Northern colonies were established for religious freedom; Puritans in New England, Baptists in Rhode Island; Quakers in Pennsylvania) Minority Christian sects and Jews were targeted in places like New England and the South (Quakers in Virginia; Anne...
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...The Battle of Elderbush Gulch and The Shirt Mia Duan THTRFLM 1T03 Dr. Glen Norton March 14th T03 In two films The Battle of Elderbush Gulch and The Shirt are both talk about colonization that occurred in North America. They illustrated two different and perspectives on colonialism. Based on the group discussion, these two films were happened in two different time periods, this shows the change in discourse about colonial history and the treatment of Native Americans throughout history. However, The Battle of Elderbush Gulch more focus on the white colonialist perspective but The shirt focus on post colonial perspective. Compared to the background, this essay is going to illustrate how the cinematography and background setting portrays the representations of the colonial and postcolonial perspective. These two films start from very different ways in terms of cinematography. By watching the Battle of Elderbush Gulch, majority scenes are using medium shots to telling story, and never moving cameras. Meanwhile, through medium shots, audiences could see more elements which shown in the movie. When film using medium shots, viewers saw white people’s family life, which proves that white people's happy and civilized life. However, native people are trying to eat puppies, which show how native people violent, savage, and uncivilized are. Comparing to Elderbush Gulch, the cinematography of The shirt is not using too many ways. Pan shots are the major shot in the film...
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