...insecurity Comparing food security to food insecurity talks volumes of differences, even within Australia. According to the State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020, food insecurity globally runs into millions. Food security is often taken for granted in Australia. Significant disparities, though, exist mainly in the remotest parts. The Foodbank Australia Hunger Report 2019 revealed many Australians experience food insecurity— especially in rural and remote...
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...life surrounded by Middle Eastern conflicts and policies that became unavoidable. After Satrapi and her parents came back from their vacation one day, they later find out from her grandma that Iraq and Iran were at war with one another, having the country’s strict government policies, military forces, and eliminating all those who protested against it. Because we can see what is happening from an innocent point of view during Satrapi’s life, the pain and violence that was expressed throughout the novel is based upon the real suffering...
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...Casualties of Law Enforcement: Homicide and Suicide Katherine Nielsen Buena Vista University Online Abstract This work is an overview of the increase in deaths of law enforcement agents: those killed on duty and those who kill themselves. As per a yearly report (Berman, 2014), the number of law enforcement agents killed while working rose almost a quarter this past year compared to years prior, especially ambush-style killings. Police officers across the country face potential dangers on their job, and they are a target simply because they are in uniform. As well, every 17 hours an officer commits suicide (Berman, 2014). This paper explores the correlation of the stress experienced by law enforcement associated with general strain theory (GST). GST is an explanation for suicide ideation for law enforcement officers. Other articles observe that police officers may suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after a critical incident or a traumatic experience. PTSD awareness is critical for saving lives. Why is there an increase in law enforcement deaths and suicides, and what needs to occur to change this trend? Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, general strain theory Introduction There were 50 officers murdered by shootings in 2014, a huge leap from the 32 such deaths a year prior (Berman, 2014). One officer killed is one officer too many, and this trend needs to be reversed. How does society stop this? Altogether, 126 law enforcement officers died in...
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...Introduction Ghana has a diverse cultural, ethnic, religious and economical background which makes generalization about gender relations and their consequences for women and children’s access to resources, decision making and status in society extremely difficult. Divergence of experiences has been further widened by regionally distorted historical development and biased development policies. Ghana’s population is about 22 million, includes over 90 different ethnic groups. Among these the Akan, Ewe, Mole Dagbani and Ga-Adangbe are dominant. Different ethnic groups are characterized by a variety of kinship systems with different implications for access to resources and decision making power by gender. The Akan, who are from the southern part of Ghana, are the largest amongst all ethnic groups, and matrilineal inheritance system is very dominant. Most other ethnic groups, in the North, but also the East, are patrilineal. The Ga, who are concentrated around Greater Accra, are somewhat known in having bilateral inheritance and kinship structures. Matrilineal systems may give women greater access to resources outside marriage than patrilineal systems, but they are characterized by a weaker nuclear household offering little economic security to women. Matrilineal systems do not necessarily imply significantly greater access to resources or higher status of women. There is extreme diversity and complexity of household forms as well as of the organization of the household economy....
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...Assignment Two The news media only provides us with representations of reality. These representations are constructed by media conglomerates to manipulate our views on society; politics, international relations and current affairs. While the media is meant to be an objective source of information, it is important to remember that this information is filtered, watered down and often manipulated before reaching its audiences. After all, “one apprehends reality only through representations of reality... there is no such thing as unmediated access...” (Dyer 1993, p. 3, as cited byO'Shaughnessy & Stadler, 2005, p. p.77) This is done by ruling classes of society in order to ingrain dominant ideologies into cultural knowledge and thus maintain their governing status- the process of “hegemony”. The media both mirrors and shapes society- it is a “mechanism of mass control” (Flounders et al., 2000, p.89). The news, as an integral part of the media, does the same. Therefore it is important for us to remember that the image of our world shown by the media is only a portrayal, and not always objective or truthful. “The media define for the majority of the population what significant events are taking place, but, also, they offer powerful interpretations of how to understand these events.” (Stuart Hall, 1978, p. 426) In this quote, Hall states that media broadcasters, although providing important (newsworthy), accurate and up-to-date information to the public, are nevertheless...
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...Improving Academic Performance and Achievement of children and youth in foster care Joanna Bermudez Mercy College Summer 2013 Introduction and Problem Statement Approximately fifty percent of adolescents in this country’s foster care system are graduating from high school each year. In NYS, less than forty-four percent of adolescent’s in the foster care system graduate from high school yearly. The outcomes of youth who leave the foster care system between the ages of 18 and 21 are statistically grim; less than 50% of these youth are equipped with a high school diploma (Scannapeieco, Connel-Carrick, and Pinter, 2007), and with-in two years of leaving the system, 25% of them face unemployment, homelessness, and/or incarceration (Krinsky, 2007). For all children, especially children in foster care, having the proper advocacy, stability, educational coordination and guidance are vital in ensuring their academic success. Unfortunately, children in foster care are less likely to receive these components to assist them in becoming successful in academia, which in turn affects their chances to live a productive adult life. The needs of the children and youth in foster care are in need of reformation across each state throughout the nation. Since the development of foster care, the focus of intervention has and continues to be a reactive approach, instead of a tactical approach. The intervention of foster care seeks to ensure the physical safety and well-being of each child...
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...preservation of mental and physical well-being through the service offered by the medical and allied health profession (The Free Dictionary, 2009). Many people believe that the current model of health care in the United States is the best health care in the world. However, it has major shortcomings that are becoming more and more visible. The United States has the most expensive health care system in the world based on health expenditure per capita and on total expenditures as a percentage of gross domestic products (Hellender, 2001). The reasons for the high costs in the U.S is due to the rising costs of medical technology, prescription medication and administrative costs resulting from the complex multiple payer system in the U.S. Another reason for the high costs are the high number of uninsured people in the U.S. who required treatment of illness and diseases that could have either been prevented or treated inexpensively in the early stages had they had insurance, rather than treatment of a crisis condition later on as it progressed to a more serious stage. The question on how health care should be structured has been debated many times for a long time now. There have been many studies, reports and initiatives that deal with this...
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...The Military, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, and Personality Jaye Crouse Northcentral University Dr. Claire Clifford PSY8100 Jul 20, 2014 Introduction The field of personality psychology has developed out of the necessity to know why people act, feel, and think like they do, to analyze their inward and outward motivations, and to discover where behaviors originate. It is the age-old debate of nature versus nurture that is found in many psychological theories and personality is no exception. Some researchers are convinced that the structure of personality is uniform and personality traits are universal, fundamentally heritable, and comprised of broadly defined dimensions where cultural, social, and gender influences are irrelevant and personality traits are fairly stable (Cattell, Eber, & Tatsuoka, 1970; McCrae & Costa, 1997: Terracciano & McCrae, 2006). Other psychologists such as humanistic and positive psychologists believe quite the opposite and contend that humans are essentially good with free will to make choices, change outcomes, and seek out opportunities to enhance their quality of life with the goal of self-actualizing, making personality a more fluid and less deterministic perspective with a focus on values, resiliency, and subjective well-being (Cloninger, 2013). Other researchers such as Freud, Adler, Horney, and Jung believe culture, society, and environment are profoundly important influences on personality (working in tandem...
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...Clin Soc Work J (2014) 42:323–335 DOI 10.1007/s10615-014-0496-z ORIGINAL PAPER Trauma Through the Life Cycle: A Review of Current Literature Shulamith Lala Ashenberg Straussner Alexandrea Josephine Calnan • Highlight every key term that refers to the following key concepts: 1) "trauma" generally a) "large T trauma" b) "micro-trauma" 2) "resilience" Published online: 31 May 2014 Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 Abstract This paper provides an overview of common traumatic events and responses, with a specific focus on the life cycle. It identifies selected ‘‘large T’’ and ‘‘micro’’ traumas encountered during childhood, adulthood and late life, and the concept of resilience. It also identifies the differences in traumatic events and reactions experienced by men compared to women, those related to the experience of immigration, and cross generational transmission of trauma. Descriptions of empirically-supported treatment approaches of traumatized individuals at the different stages of the life cycle are offered. Keywords PTSD Á Large-T and micro-traumas Á Neurobiology Á Gender differences Á Immigrants Á Treatment approaches The past is never dead. It’s not even past. William Faulkner The conflict between the will to deny horrible events and the will to proclaim them aloud is the central dialectic of psychological trauma. Judith Lewis Herman S. L. A. Straussner (&) Silver School of Social Work, New York University, 1 Washington...
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...The Benefits of Spirituality in providing Emotional Care to Trauma Survivors Nigel E. Lewis California Southern University Abstract Spirituality is widely utilized across cultures as means of dealing with emotional trauma such as tragedy and disasters. Ironically, in academic circles recognition of the value of spirituality as a coping mechanism has been slow. However, in the current post September 11 environment, greater attention has been given to the value of spiritual care in the treatment of victims of emotional trauma particularly in disaster mental health studies. In this paper the value of spirituality in providing emotional care to survivors of trauma is analyzed. Why is the value of spirituality in emotional care important to me? Conventional wisdom has held to the notion that boys are better at math than girls. Perhaps, this age old belief was responsible for Mattel the company that produced “Teen talk Barbie” in 1992 to create a Barbie doll that had among its stored phrases, one phrase that said, “Math class is tough!”. This phrase was stored with 270 other girl talk phrases such as “I love shopping” and “Will we have enough clothes!”. The result was that Mattel was soundly criticized and quickly changed the doll’s offending phrase a few months later. In spite of Mattel’s effort to correct a message that verbalized an inherent cultural bias, one wonders if the is any accuracy...
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...The American Criminal Justice System: The Social and Cultural Considerations Introduction The American criminal justice system, the largest in the world, with 2.3M people incarcerated (Prison Policy Initiative 2016) has a significant impact on many aspects of American society when viewed through the social and cultural lens including the psychological impact of incarceration, varying treatment based on race, and post-incarceration results. Based on the analysis of various positions of experts in the field, it is clear that certain policy reforms in the existing system would be beneficial for the incarcerated and the broader society. When comparing the scale of incarceration and other related metrics in the United States...
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...discovery of the virus in 1976, with the number of cases from the current outbreak now outnumbering the combined cases from all known previous outbreaks. Another outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo, which has killed 13 people as of 26 August 2014, is believed to be unrelated to the West African outbreak. Initial outbreak in Guinea Researchers believe that the first human case of the Ebola virus disease leading to the 2014 outbreak was a 2-year-old boy who died 6 December 2013 in the village of Meliandou, Guéckédou Prefecture, Guinea. His mother, 3-year-old sister and grandmother then became ill with symptoms consistent with Ebola infection and died. People infected by those victims spread the disease to other village. On 19 March, the Ministry of Health acknowledged a local outbreak of an undetermined viral hemorrhagic fever; the outbreak, ongoing since February, had sickened at least 35 people and killed 23. Ebola was suspected, and samples had been sent to Senegal and France for disease identification. On 25 March, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the Ministry of Health of Guinea had reported an outbreak of Ebola virus disease in four southeastern districts: Guekedou, Macenta, Nzerekore and Kissidougou with suspected cases in the neighbouring countries of Liberia and Sierra Leone...
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...many precautions we can take to prevent this violence. Precautions such as better background checks before purchasing a gun will greatly decrease deaths due to gun violence. In America, the average number of school shootings is approximately 1.37 per week (Davies). There are too many lives lost throughout the year to gun violence. It is time for America to step it up when addressing the flaws in the laws and regulations in the systems. Seeing that gun violence in school environments have recently become such an issue, the United States must address these issues head on by enforcing more and existing laws and change the laws that contain imperfections. Gun violence has not only spread throughout the United States but also in many other countries as well. On an average day in America, there are at least ninety-six deaths resulting from gun violence (Guns). Every day, seven teens and children from ages zero to nineteen die due to gun violence. This means that four out of...
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...sealed with an adhesive drape, and negative pressure is applied to the wound for 22-24 hours daily. VAC decreases tissue edema and improves local circulation; it also removes the debris from the wound surface. The average cost, including the materials and nursing care ranges from $400-$500 per patient weekly. This technique has been used increasingly over the past decade for acute and chronic wounds, and studies have demonstrated improved wound healing. Its use has been extended to other types of wounds, such as surgical wounds from abdominal, chest and cardiac (heart) surgical procedures. Currently VAC can be used on all types of wounds: acute, subacute or chronic. Introduction Diabetes is becoming a common problem in most of the countries all over the world. About 1.8 million people are affected by diabetes and with rapidly increasing diabetic patients the count is estimated to go up to 2.7 million in next 25 years (Speak K, 2007). Diabetic foot complications are more frequent in males individuals aged over 60 years. The life expectancy of the diabetic patients has increased due different treatments, which in turn increases the number of complications as the disease progresses. Prolonged uncontrolled diabetes leads to complications like neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease (PAD), which are the risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers (Speak K, 2007). Nearly, 15%-20% of diabetic patients suffer from diabetic foot ulcer and 85% suffer amputations because of diabetic foot...
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...Heather Richard EDUC 611 Treatment Plan Liberty University Introduction You are a school counselor in a Title One middle school located in the heart of Newark, NJ. Recently, there was a shooting at your school that involved many students. Classrooms were locked down for three hours. A few days ago, a teacher at your school said she saw in the crisis handbook that following a crisis, teachers should look for student behavior that is out of the ordinary as a way of identifying students who may need to see the school counselor. The student she is concerned about is a seventh grade (13 year old) Asian male named Tai. She said that he seems to be more withdrawn since the shootings and believes one of the students who were shot was a friend of his. Tai is new to the school this year and participates in the free lunch plan. Case Conceptualization and Needs Assessment Having a comprehensive crisis management plan in place allows members of the school staff and community to be aware of policy and procedures related to identifying students who may be in crisis. A crisis management plan should detail student behavior which may be signs of mental illness or crisis. In doing so school staff have criteria in place that helps identify those who may need assistance. According to Allen et al., the role of the school counselor is defined by the American School Counselor Association's (ASCA, 2000) by the statement, "the professional school counselor's primary role is to provide direct counseling...
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