...SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY GMUL 5063 [pic] Group Assignment Ethical Issues In Consumer Behaviour Submission Date : 15 April 2012 Content Pages Ethical Issues In Consumer Behaviour 3 2. Due Care Theory 4 – 5 i) Problems with Due Care 5 ii) The case of Donoghue v Stevenson[1932] 6 3. Contract Theory 7 – 9 i) Strict Liability 9 ii) Defect 9 – 10 iii) Cause of Injuries 10 iv) Risks 10 – 11 v) Unavoidable Dangers 11 – 12 vi) Rationale for and debate over strict liability 12 – 13 4. Consumer Protection ACT 1999 13 i) Scope of Application of The ACT 13 ii) Implied Guarantees Respect of Supply of Goods 14 - 16 iii) Remedies 16 – 18 iv) Implied Guarantees in Respect of Supply of Services 18 v) The National Consumer Advisory Council 19 vi) The Tribunal For Consumer Claims 19 -20 5. References 20 [pic] Ethical Issues In Consumer Behaviour The term “ethical consumer” is a famous issue discuss generically, there is related with the intentional purchase of products and services that the consumers consider to be made ethically. Basically, “positive buying” with ethical is favoured, which means that consumers are purchase a good or services with reliable information and provided...
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...COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. This publication may not be lent, resold, hired or otherwise disposed of by any way of trade without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. ABOUT MUA MUA is a premier University in management, governance and leadership sponsored by The Kenya Institute of Management (KIM). The University was established on 2nd September 2011. Since then the University has established itself as a leader and local hub for Management, Leadership and Governance training in the Higher Education sector. The University offers market driven courses to spur economic growth and produce dynamic Managers and Leaders for Africa and the World. This module has been developed for use in the Management University of Africa ODEL Programme by Isabella Sile. She is a lecturer at the Management University of Africa, School of Management and Leadership. Ms. Sile is currently pursuing her PhD in Business Administration –Finance at The University of Nairobi. MODULE OVERVIEW. This module is developed for student taking the course unit “Risk and Insurance Management” in the Bachelor of Management and Leadership Programme. The module follows the outline given below. (Note: Assignments are issued...
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...in technology and way of life. One of the most significant forces driving this development is the ability to record and deliver information across distances and at rates expanding exponentially. This is also referred to as the information age. Digital technology has changed the economy. The new terminology being used is e-marketing where the primary source of value creation for consumers has shifted from physical goods to services and information. This does not mean that everything we previously knew about business becomes irrelevant and obsolete, but it does mean that significant changes in business environment justify new approaches to thinking of the best marketing strategy and management. In summary E-commerce can be defined as an exchange of goods and services between parties, individuals and organizations as well as the electronically based intra and inter organizational activities that facilitate such exchanges.(Dave.C.,2007,p,4) There are four categories of E-commerce:- a) Business to business b) Business to consumer c) Consumer to business d) Consumer to consumer Most business still carries out the traditional ways of conducting business. This is by having a physical address where they have their products and services and translations are made there. Due to the new dot com community and ways of doing business many businesses have taken up the opportunity of conducting business online. This is because of the benefits brought about by...
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...Joshua Tollison Phase 4 Individual Project MGM310-1204B-01 Bari Courts 23 December 2012 If I were to start an e-business the main thing I would focus on would be functionality of the site and ease to make customers feel comfortable and confident about shopping with my storefront. By this I mean designing a site that gives customers several options for the products they are shopping for; along with that my customers would have access to multiple pictures of every product available, and a detailed description of the item they are interested in. My customers would also be able to compare similar items by their available options and provide a side by side analysis. The main thing for my e-business though would be the superior customer service that is provided to my clients by means of email, live chat, and a customer service hotline if you would prefer to talk to a representative. One of the final details that would make my site superior to others would be a hassle free return policy that even included return shipping for those who need to return their products for any reason. To be able to make this dream come true there are several other factors that I will be discussing throughout this paper as I present my business plan for establishing my storefront. I. E-Commerce Infrastructure Just as brick and mortar companies have an infrastructure to help them succeed in business, so do e-businesses. By having the correct infrastructure in place allows a company to run...
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...1. Introduction Electronic commerce has become an attractive market to the world, and the emerging business opportunities are now becoming a major factor in world economics. Although, investment through e-commerce channels returns high profits, but like many IT systems, it could lead business organizations to a risky situation or failing to deliver expected returns. The main cause of this is the inconsistency between the system design and the desired requirements or for the misunderstanding between IT professionals and business experts. Therefore, to design e-commerce system, a communication pattern is needed either between system developers and business owner, or between customers and the online business system. Moreover, e-commerce system should be adapted with the whole business environment such as business norms and behavior, customer practice, business rules and government policy. However, Semiotic that is ‘the science of signs’ has brought many approaches to facilitate the process of understand signs’ meaning. The approach of organizational semiotic defied the organization as a group of social norms and emphasizes on the people and their role and responsibility in order to merge them when analyzing and designing information system (Stamper et al, 2004). For e-commerce systems, there is a necessity of clear meaning for each symbol, icon and image because almost all transactions done through the web system without human agent involvement. Therefore, semiotic...
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...perspective, e-commerce is the ability to deliver products, services, information, or payments via networks such as the Internet and the World Wide Web. 2. From an interface perspective, e-commerce involves various information and transaction exchanges: business-to-business, business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer. 3. From a business perspective, e-commerce includes activities that directly support commerce electronically by means of networked connections. 4. From an online perspective, e-commerce is an electronic environment that makes it possible to buy and sell products, services, and information on the Internet. 5. From a structural perspective, e-commerce involves various media: data, text, web pages, Internet telephony, and internet desktop video. 6. As a market, e-commerce is a worldwide network. A local store can open a Web storefront and find the world at its doorstep-customers, suppliers, competitors, and payment services. E-business: Connecting critical business systems and constituencies directly via the Internet, Extranets, and Intranets. It goes beyond a web site on the Internet to affect all aspects of business, from strategy and process to trading partners and the ultimate consumer. It combines the resources of traditional information systems with the global reach of the Web. E-business enables organizations to accomplish the following goals: 1. Reach new markets. 2. Create new products and services. 3. Build customer...
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...Human Resource Roles and Responsibilities Human resource roles and responsibilities are changing because business trends are changing. Technology, e-business, ethics, and globalization are changing the way companies do business and therefore, the human resource management need to make changes to keep up with the new trends. Globalization and Technology During the past century companies have made changes to the way human resource department’s run. Many companies created jobs overseas, which slowed down the hiring in the United States (Noe, R., Hollenbeck, J., Gerhart, B. & Wright, P., 2004). Companies are finding to survive they must compete in international markets and fend off their competitors. Companies are also outsourcing and offshoring the workload in order to compete and pay employees lower pay. Technology is constantly advancing forward. In today’s business world technology is changing rapidly and human resource department find they need to move with it. These days few companies use paper for job applications now businesses rely on the internet which combines data from several sources into a single site. Shared service centers consolidate different human resource functions into a single location (Noe, et al, 2004). Diversity and E-Business Diversity in the U.S. labor force is growing in racial, ethnic, and gender terms. Many U.S. companies have already committed themselves to ensuring they recognize the diversity of their internal labor force and use it to gain...
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...H-E-B grocery store https://www.heb.com/ fits the category of a non – news organization that utilizes social media feeds alongside traditional media feeds. Mixed media is the best way to describe H-E-B online communication (i.e. identified as a mixture of owned media, paid media shared/social media and earned media). The organization has its own website (owned media pg. 175) that allows the company to have control over information disseminated out to both its internal and external publics (pg. 118). When it comes to paid media (pg. 176), H-E-B paid to have control over 60 seconds of air time during the 2018 super bowl. Its commercial in this case demonstrated corporate advertising (pg. 176) as it promoted its annual contest Quest for Texas...
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...become more and more automated, the apparel industry still requires an incredible amount of human capital to produce its products. Because of this, the industry has traditionally outsourced its production facilities to nations with low minimum wages and even lower working standards. There is little that can be done to avoid the nature of profit maximization and outsourcing, but companies like Nike have since realized that if they allow their products to be produced under horrible working conditions, or conditions that the company’s consumer base deems unethical and immoral, then your consumer base will not purchase their products. The Sweatshop Code of Conduct is a signatory agreement that aims to establish an ethical minimum for working conditions around the world. This is not a law and therefore cannot be enforced, but it is the first step in promoting human rights within the apparel industry. If enough companies buy into the agreement, consumer demand will make it necessary for the industry to police itself and improve conditions across the board....
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... from consumer based retail sites, through auction or music sites, to business exchanges trading goods and services between corporations. It is currently one of the most important aspects of the Internet to emerge. Ecommerce allows consumers to electronically exchange goods and services with no barriers of time or distance. Electronic commerce has expanded rapidly over the past five years and is predicted to continue at this rate, or even accelerate. In the near future the boundaries between "conventional" and "electronic" commerce will become increasingly blurred as more and more businesses move sections of their operations onto the Internet How does e-commerce work? Because there are hundreds of different products and services for consumers and the multitude of different ways these products and services can be delivered, e-commerce by its nature is varied in the way it works. In its most basic form e-commerce works as follows: Consumers choose a product or service on a website. Consumers pay electronically on the website (online credit card transactions) or using a third party payment provider such as PayPal The business owner or merchant receives the order and payment and the order is fulfilled (delivered by post, booked in for services etc) Making payments online is completed via a secure connection to ensure that sensitive data such as credit card details and personal information are kept private. What are the benefits of e-commerce to the consumer? Over...
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...Meh Many traditional brick and mortar stores are now offering online shopping as an alternate choice for consumers. It is my opinion that this may eventually cause stores to compete with themselves in time because prices online are not always the same in the store. It is something that I have witnessed in the past and it will become an issue over time when more consumers choose to shop online rather than shopping in the physical store. On a separate note, online shopping is a positive thing for small online businesses that do not have to rent a brick and mortar building in order to run their business. The small companies are able to spend less money on a physical store and invest that into their online site. Sometimes this also benefits the consumer because they end up getting better deals by purchasing items from these smaller online companies. Many traditional brick and mortar stores are now offering online shopping as an alternate choice for consumers. It is my opinion that this may eventually cause stores to compete with themselves in time because prices online are not always the same in the store. It is something that I have witnessed in the past and it will become an issue over time when more consumers choose to shop online rather than shopping in the physical store. On a separate note, online shopping is a positive thing for small online businesses that do not have to rent a brick and mortar building in order to run their business. The small companies are able to spend...
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...Social issues Social trend: The use of media as a marketing strategy to influence consumer behaviour Social factors have great influence and importance to businesses as it relates to changes in social structures, consumer lifestyles and behaviours. (100, 2013) Opinions of consumers play an essential role in the growth of a business. As such, businesses often make use of positive reviews from customers to attract new diners. (Solution, 2013) For instance, engaging reputable online personalities like Lady Iron Chef to review your dishes is a form of advertisement. Through positive blog reviews, it employs the influence of the blogger to market the name of the eatery in an appealing way to his/her followers. Fig 1.1: Blogger's webpage featuring eateries Fig 1.2: Updates on daily specials (Ladyironchef, 2013) (Twelve Cupcakes, 2013) It is evident from the figures above that the use of media is a common marketing strategy. With the surge in social networking sites like Facebook and twitter, businesses are seizing the opportunity to publicize their products. (Fig 1.2) Moreover, the use of review websites (Fig 1.1) is also an effective method employed to advertise. Fig 1.3: Twelve Cupcakes featured on The Walker (TwelveCupcakes, 2013) Social media creates opportunities for the F&B industry to prosper. Being an efficient and effective tool, sharing of information online can create opportunities for a business. One such company which benefitted from social media is Twelve Cupcakes...
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...Similarly the large catalogue (Peckham, 2014) and good relationships with consumers through strong marketing communications online help to reach a large consumer base. Some key weaknesses include poor relationships with some popular artists. An example is Taylor Swift (McIntyre, 2015) and this may impact Spotify’s reputation. The low level of consumers moving to the paid model is also a weakness, creating a larger issue of poor finances (Dredge, 2015), also as a result of the reliance on advertising income. This limits the amount of capital available for reinvestment. Opportunities for Spotify include building stronger relationships with artists and consumers, to gain a larger market share and to increase paid subscribers. This can be completed through education and further diversification in the market. Also seeking to launch in developing countries such as Africa, like they are in Japan (Music Week, 2015), could increase market share and profitability. Competitors within the market including Pandora, Deezer and Apple Music are all threats to Spotify (Dredge, 2014). The rapid changing technologies and developments could threaten Spotify’s position as market leader because Spotify have poor finances for reinvestment to keep up with competitors. Finally, piracy and competitors like Songza (Songza, 2015) which offer music without advertisements for free, are ongoing threats, seeing potential consumers seek alternatives to Spotify. Firm Analysis At the moment Spotify...
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...Consumer Buyer Behavior Marketing 120 – Learning Outcome 4 Assignment #2 Course: Business Certificate Program Total: 8 marks Marks Evaluation : 3% Submission Date: 19.2.16 Product involvement has a significant impact on the way consumers make decisions. On one hand, if buyers are very involved in a purchase decision, they are likely to spend a lot of time and effort collecting and analyzing information related to that purchase. On the other hand, if buyers do not consider a purchase decision critical, and are only marginally involved in the purchase, they will make the decision without much deliberation or cognitive effort. Buying a house or a car is considered a high-involvement purchase for most consumers, whereas buying candy would be considered a low-involvement purchase. Compare and contrast the websites of two companies—one selling cars and the other selling candies—and see if the sites take into account the consumer involvement levels in their site design. For cars visit the BMW website (www.bmw.com). For candies, visit the Wrigley chewing gum website (www.wrigley.com). After visiting these sites, answer the following questions: 1. Car buying is a high-involvement decision. What are the factors that play an important role in this decision? Give examples from the BMW site of how these issues are addressed by BMW. (3) 2. A high-involvement decision tends to be a rational decision....
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...what customers value: Take a thorough look at consumers: What types of experiences do they expect? What companies do they believe deliver the best experiences? How do consumers prefer to learn about vehicles? In terms of information sources, the Internet, personal networks, and social media platforms rate highly, and much higher than traditional information sources such as television, radio, and direct mail. In fact, more than 70 percent of consumers use the Internet while shopping for new and used vehicles—more than double the usage of any other information source. This reflects consumers’ growing desire for an objective resource of trusted information. Increasingly, analysis shows that consumers are relying more and more on their social media networks and trusted connections for guidance on vehicle purchases. A primary conclusion to draw from these trends relates to control and influence: The most influential sources of information in the vehicle purchasing process exist beyond the traditional span of control of the OEM and dealer to include social influences. 2. Manage the customer experience: The challenge of managing a customer experience that lives beyond the boundaries of the OEM’s four walls is not new. After all, manufacturers have worked to manage customer relationships through independent dealerships. However, due to the ways in which consumer power and vehicle shopping influence are rapidly changing, consumer expectations about their experience in the dealership...
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