...The field of Business Ethics relies on a relatively small core of well-known cases of corporate behavior to illustrate the themes of the subject. Near the top of this list of familiar names (e.g., the Ford Pinto, Tylenol, and Bhopal) is Nestle´ S.A., the Swiss food conglomerate. Of all the business histories examined by students of ethics, Nestle´’s saga of controversy is perhaps one of most intriguing. In the late 1960s, Nestle´ was criticized by social activists for its marketing of powdered milk formula for infants in less developed countries. The case became a cause ce´le`bre as Nestle´ became the victim of a well-organized boycott campaign. The conflict has become a popular case study in the business school curriculum because it demonstrates the need that companies have to constantly preserve and enhance their legitimacy in the public eye. The discussion of legitimacy leads quite naturally into a discussion of issue management, and the consequences of mismanaging a public issue (Post 1985 p. 127). Although Nestle´ was the subject of the boycott, the infant formula controversy may have initially been seen more as a dispute over generic bad practices within the infant formula industry rather than as a focused attack on one particular firm, a perspective that Nestle´ itself may have wanted to engineer. The original publication that stimulated the boycott refers to an industry-wide pattern of marketing of infant formula. (Muller 1974) To begin with Nestle´...
Words: 1215 - Pages: 5
...| Brand Audit | Cadbury’s Dairy Milk | | | GROUP MEMBERS | Trisha Parekh (131) Gaurav Mehta (124) Rishi R Mehta (035) Priyam Modi (036) Hetal Gutka (159) | BRAND AUDIT CADBURY - A LEADER IN THE GLOBAL CONFECTIONERY MARKET A BRIEF HISTORY Cadbury India Ltd. is a part of the Kraft Foods Group and was formed on 1905. Cadbury India operates in five categories - Chocolate confectionery, Beverages, Biscuits, Gum and Candy. In the Chocolate Confectionery business, Cadbury has maintained its undisputed leadership over the years. Some of the key brands are Cadbury Dairy Milk, Bournvita, 5 Star, Perk, Bournville, Celebrations, Gems, Halls, Éclairs, Bubbaloo, Tang and Oreo. Their core purpose "make today delicious" captures the spirit of what they are trying to achieve as a business. In India, Cadbury began its operations in 1948 by importing chocolates. After 60 years of existence, it today has five company-owned manufacturing facilities at Thane, Induri (Pune) and Malanpur (Gwalior), Bangalore and Baddi (Himachal Pradesh) and 4 sales offices (New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkota and Chennai). The corporate office is in Mumbai. Cadbury enjoys a value market share of over 70% - the highest Cadbury brand share in the world! Their billion-dollar brand Cadbury Dairy Milk is considered the "gold standard" for chocolates in India. The pure taste of CDM defines the chocolate taste for the Indian consumer. In the Milk Food drinks segment their main product is Bournvita - the...
Words: 600 - Pages: 3
...INTRODUCTION Public relations (PR) is the practice of managing the flow of information between an individual or an organization and the public. Public relations may include an organization or individual gaining exposure to their audiences using topics of public interest and news items that do not require direct payment. The aim of public relations by a company often is to persuade the public, investors, partners, employees, and other stakeholders to maintain a certain point of view about it, its leadership, products, or of political decisions. Common activities include speaking at conferences, winning industry awards, working with the press, and employee communication. Public relations is thought by many to be propaganda by a different name, ironically, the very term "Public relations" could easily be seen as a public relations ploy to make the idea of propaganda more acceptable. Public Relations is similar to Analyst Relations, Investor Relations and Public Affairs depending on the firm, organization or population it represents. DEFINITIONS OF PUBLIC RELATIONS “Public Relations is the deliberate, planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain mutual understanding between on organization and its publics.” - Institute of Public Relations, USA “Public relations is the attempt by information persuasion and adjustment to engineer public support for an activity, cause, movement...
Words: 8037 - Pages: 33
...unethical marketing of artificial baby milk. The unethical practices of promoting infant formula to new mothers in developing countries was first presented in 1966 in a pamphlet by Dr. Derrick B. Jelliffe titled Child Nutrition in Developing Countries. Dr. Jelliffe, an expert in child nutrition and Director of the Caribbean Food and Nutrition Institute, published the pamphlet in an effort to call attention to the dangers of bottle feeding in traditional and semi-sophisticated populations. From 1966 to 1972, Dr. Jelliffe advocated for restraint on the part of infant formula companies and suggested that government, industry and physicians work together for the health of infants (Newton). It was in 1973 though that the infant formula controversy became public when an article titled “Babies Mean Business” was published in the New Internationalist magazine. The article outlined several unethical marketing practices that manufacturers were engaged in in an effort to promote breast milk substitute to new mothers, doctors and hospitals. One of these practices involved uniformed milk nurses, who were paid a commission by the manufacturer, to distribute free samples of the breast milk substitute to poor, new mothers in developing Third World Countries. Unfortunately, for these mothers and their newborns, the free samples didn’t last forever. Coincidentally, the free samples of the breast milk substitute only lasted long enough for the new mother’s milk to dry up. In addition, the demographic...
Words: 1064 - Pages: 5
...Why Public Breastfeeding Should No Longer Be a Controversy Public breastfeeding has been a controversial topic for years. “Breastfeeding in public is legal and protected by federal law. Legislation in most states gives women the right to nurse in public.” (“What to Expect”) So if it is legal to breastfeed in public, why do so many people have a problem with it? In one hand, people are saying that formula was made for this very reason, to feed your child while you are out in public. In the other hand, people are saying that formula is not the way to go with your child, yet breastfeeding isn’t accepted in public either. (Johnson) You can’t have it both way! Some women just can’t breastfeed, so they must use formula to feed their baby....
Words: 1377 - Pages: 6
...Dyshea Shelley Natural or Not? Breastfeeding is one of the most important decisions a parent must make for their child. Breastfeeding is when the mother feeds the child milk from her breast (Breastfeeding). Over the last few years, there has been so much controversy in the media whether women should be allowed to breastfeed in public. Despite the controversy, women should be able to breastfeed in public because it improves infant health, it has psychological benefits, and it makes women feel less ashamed and embarrassed. Many medical and public health organizations support breastfeeding and say it improves an infant’s heath significantly. Breast milk is a rich, creamy liquid that is high in protein and low in fat (“History of Breastfeeding”). It contains the protein, vitamins, and fat an infant needs. Breast milk contains antibodies that help fight infection and it’s easier to digest. It also reduces the chances of allergies, asthma, respiratory illnesses, and overweight issues in the future. Some studies also suggest that breastfeeding lowers the risk of certain cancers and diabetes. Children that were breastfed have even been proven to have higher IQ scores. However, breastfeeding doesn’t only benefit the child. Studies show that women who breastfeed have a smaller chance of having ovarian and breast cancer (“Biology of Breastfeeding”). Besides the physical benefits of breastfeeding, breastfeeding also has many psychological benefits. Researchers say breastfeeding infants...
Words: 608 - Pages: 3
...| Ethics Paper Nestlé Infant Formula Prepared by Mohammad Ul Haque Id:0147217 MG660- Strategic Marketing Prepared for Professor Jorge Zavala-Vinces 1. If you had been an executive with Nestlé, would you have changed your marketing approach after the boycotts began? Nestlé’s marketing tactics in promoting the use of infant formula in Third World countries wasn’t moral. Nestlé was not acting within the boundaries of moral standards. Every corporation must understand and realize the corporate ethics and responsibilities they should have. The problem was that Nestlé used unqualified sales girls, the distribution of free samples, marketed to people who were incapable to fulfil the minimum requirements for giving formula safely to the baby, and the association of bottle-feeding with healthy babies to promote the use of infant formula to mothers who would have been better off breast-feeding their babies. The first Nestlé boycott in 1977 led by Infant Formula Action Coalition (INFACT) had a large impact on Nestlé’s revenues. Their products were boycotted in the U.S. to end the promotion of infant formula. This was a small part of the major problem which is to improve total infant nutrition throughout the Third World that must be resolved on a global basis if the health of babies in the developing nations is to be improved. If I had been an executive with Nestlé, I would have changed the marketing approach after the boycotts began...
Words: 2507 - Pages: 11
...Answers. Retrieved August 11, 2014, from http://www.whatisscrapple.com/what-is-scrapple-faq Driscoll's Food Service | Our Berries | Strawberries. (n.d.). Driscoll's Food Service | Our Berries | Strawberries. Retrieved August 9, 2014, from http://www.driscolls.com/foodservice/berries/strawberries.php Ewall, M. (n.d.). Bovine Growth Hormone: Milk does nobody good.... Bovine Growth Hormone: Milk does nobody good.... Retrieved August 11, 2014, from http://www.ejnet.org/bgh/nogood.html Food Miles, Food Chains and Food Producers. (n.d.). Food Miles, Food Chains and Food Producers. Retrieved August 11, 2014, from http://www.agrifood.info/connections/2008/Stringer_Umberger.html For Your World - Oats & the Environment | QuakerOats.com. (n.d.). For Your World - Oats & the Environment | QuakerOats.com. Retrieved August 11, 2014, from http://www.quakeroats.com/oats-do-more/for-your-world/oats-and-the-environment.aspx Growing Strawberries with The Most Toxic Chemical on Earth Can Still Be Stopped. (n.d.). Rodale News. Retrieved August 11, 2014, from http://www.rodalenews.com/strawberries-methyl-iodide How Milk Gets from the Cow to the Store - Milk - ProCon.org. (n.d.). ProConorg Headlines. Retrieved August 11, 2014, from http://milk.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID=000658 How Products Are Made. (n.d.)....
Words: 456 - Pages: 2
...Cadbury Dairy Milk – The Sweetest of them all Background It all started in 1905 when Cadbury’s top selling brand, Cadbury Dairy Milk was launched in Bournville, UK. By 1913, Dairy Milk had become Cadbury’s best-selling chocolate, and in the mid-twenties it became a brand leader. Cadbury India began its operations in 1948 by importing chocolates and then repacking them before distribution in the Indian market. With its deliciously smooth texture and unique creamy taste, Cadbury Dairy Milk made an immediate on the consumers and quickly became a market leader. Cadbury’s mission is “Working together to create brands people love”. Cadbury Dairy Milk encapsulates an enormous breadth of emotions, from shared values such as family togetherness to the personal values of individual enjoyment. It stands for goodness. At the point of entering the Indian market in 1948, Cadbury faced quite a few challenges. It had to get to people accustomed to chocolates, primarily seen as a western taste. Cadbury had to sell these products by reaching out to the masses in a country with a lot of diversity and varied interests. However the company recognised the importance of the chocolate brand as a means of expressing parental affection for their children. In the 1980’s the company positioned Cadbury Dairy milk as “The perfect expression of parental love”. Cadbury markets Cadbury chocolates a number of chocolates: 5-Star, Perk, Temptations (with five variations), Crackle, Fruit and Nut, Dairy Milk Eclairs...
Words: 1430 - Pages: 6
...KRAFT’S BUDGETING AND STRATEGY A case study Presented to CASE STUDY IN PRODUCTION AND OPERATION MANAGEMENT BUDGETING AND STRATEGY A KRAFT FOOD INTRODUCTION The company has its origin as National Dairy Products Corporation (National Dairy), formed on December 10, 1923, by Thomas H. McInnerney. The firm was initially set up to execute on a rollup strategy in the then fragmented United States ice cream industry. Through acquisitions it expanded into a full range of dairy products. By 1930 it was the largest dairy company in the United States and the world, exceeding Borden. McInnerney operated the Hydrox Corporation, an ice cream company located in Chicago, Illinois. In 1923 he went to Wall Street to convince investment bankers there to finance his scheme for consolidating the United States ice cream industry. He initially found "hard sledding" with one banker saying the dairy industry "lacked dignity." He persevered and convinced a consortium including Goldman Sachs and Lehman Brothers to finance a rollup strategy. As a result of his efforts, National Dairy Products Corporation was formed in 1923 in a merger of McInnerney's Hydrox with Rieck McJunkin Dairy Co of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The resulting firm was then listed on the New York Stock Exchange with the offer of 125,000 shares having been The firm grew quickly through a large number of acquisitions. As it is typical...
Words: 5817 - Pages: 24
...Controversy around Newborn Breastfeeding In 2000 BC breastfeeding was a norm and was used as "wet nursing" (Stevens, Patrick & Pickler, 2009). According to Stevens, Patrick & Pickler (2009) Breastfeeding was used as a method of safe infant feeding since bottles or formula use did not exist. Wet nursing was defined as, "a woman who breastfeeds another's child" (Davis, 199 3, p. 2111). Wet nursing was used when "mothers were dying from childbirth or lactation failure" (Stevens, Patrick & Pickler, 2009). Ever since bottle feeding and formula use has been discovered, there has been a lot of controversy around which method is the safest for infants. Years ago, in an article written by Hila Spear, Penny, a young mother who gave birth...
Words: 1726 - Pages: 7
...children and provides grants to state or local agencies to distribute cash or vouchers to qualifying individuals in accordance with the Departmental regulations regarding the quantity and type of food ( Chocolate Manufacturers Association v. Block). In addition to the rule, the USDA published a preamble which discussed the general purpose of the rule and problems associated with high sugar foods. Neither the proposed rule nor its preamble discussed sugar in relation to flavored milk, although the rule did include flavored milk in the list of approved food packages for women and children without special dietary needs ( Chocolate Manufacturers Association v. Block). Responding to public comments, the USDA deleted flavored milk from the approved packages list in the final rule (Chocolate Manufacturers Association v. Block). The Chocolate Manufacturers Association (CMA) sought relief from the rule in district court arguing first that the USDA did not provide notice that this disallowance of flavored milk would be considered, and second that the USDA gave no reasoned justification for changing its position about the nutritional value of chocolate in the food distributed under its...
Words: 853 - Pages: 4
...Case Study: Mother’s New Job and Her Child’s Illness Michael J. Harris Columbia Southern University MOS-5425-13J-4 April 6, 2016 Mother’s New Job and Her Child’s Illness Introduction When a mother delivers a health baby and then starts a new job in a manufacturing plant her once healthy baby becomes ill after a few months after starting work at the manufacturing plant. After some discussions with coworkers she is alarmed to find out that another female coworker’s child has had a similar signs of illness. Is there a connection between the mother’s new job and her child’s illness? What factors may have to be addressed and what test would prove this connection if there was one. Secondly, if there was a connection would the mother have a case if it was taken to court. If so why or if not, why not? Discussion Chemical and physical agents may affect the conceptus. The effect may result in one or more manifestations: death and/or various types of malformations. Shortly or later after birth several other effects can be observed such as; growth retardation, functional disorders, and certain other effects. These effects are referred to as developmental toxicity (Kacew and Byung-MuLee, 2013). Agents that can be considered teratogenic in humans; radiation, certain infections, nutritional...
Words: 660 - Pages: 3
...correction of defects. (dictionary.com) Genetically modified foods are foods that have been altered to enhance certain traits for the purpose of making them more desirable to consumers. Since the development of this process, modified foods have become more common throughout the years, and with their increase in production there has also been great controversy. History of Genetically Modified Foods In 1994, the first genetically modified food the Food and Drug Administration deemed safe enough for human consumption was a tomato called the “Flavr Savr,” produced in California. The purpose of altering the tomato was for it to be resistant to rotting and decaying as quickly as tomatoes usually do. They were not labeled as being genetically modified and they were between two and five time more expensive than ordinary tomatoes, but consumers still purchased them. However, due to competition, brought on by a tomato made conventionally and with a longer shelf life, the Flavr Savr tomatoes were not profitable. Genetically modified tomatoes were then made into a tomato puree and sold in Europe in the mid-1990s, but a couple years later controversy arose over the concept of genetically modifying food. In 1998, a doctor from Aberdeen, in Scotland, published results from a research study he conducted suggesting that genetically modified potatoes, injected with an insecticide gene from the snowdrop plant, were toxic to rats. A year later it was announced that beginning in 1999, there were...
Words: 2724 - Pages: 11
...Milk Amanda Soltero Brown Mackie University Abstract Breastfeeding mothers are being forced to remain at home or not feed in public. There are many benefits to breastfeeding. Many parts of the United States has made laws to protect mothers because of public controversy. A company has invented a private sanitary place in New York airports for mother to breastfeed. Milk Breast are seen as a sexual object instead of a source of nutrients for infants and toddlers. Breastfeeding is a natural act and should be seen as such in public. Some people see breastfeeding in public as offensive, especially when children are in the area. Breastfeeding is a natural part of human nature and has been around since the dawn of time. Breastfeeding provides benefits to both baby and mother, its forbidden in some jurisdictions, not addressed by laws in others and recognized as a legal right in others, as so there should be private locations for mothers to breastfeed. Breastfeeding provides benefits to both baby and mothers. Breast milk contains antibodies that protect infants from bacteria and viruses. Babies have less ear infections and respiratory infections. Mothers returns to pre-pregnancy weight faster and reduce risk of breast cancer and osteoporosis (www.ncsl.org, 2015). Breastfeeding also provides a bond between baby and mom. There are many benefits to breastfeeding. Breastfeeding in public is forbidden in some jurisdictions, not addressed by law in others and recognized as a...
Words: 527 - Pages: 3
