...87 .,~. Peer Tutoring and the "Conversation of Mankind" by Kenneth A. Bruffee The beginnings of peer tutoring lie in practice, not in theory. A decade or so ago, faculty and administrators in a few institutions around the country became aware that, increasingly, students entering college had difficulty doing as well in academic studies as their abilities suggested they should be able to do. Some of these students were in many ways poorly prepared academically. Many more of them, however, had on paper excellent secondary preparation. The common denominator among the poorly prepared and the apparently well prepared seemed to be that, for cultural reasons we may not yet fully under stand, all these students had difficulty adapting to the traditional or "normal" conventions of the college classroom. One symptom of the difficulty was that many of these students refuSed .help when it was offered. Mainly, colleges offered ancillary programs staffed by professionals. Students avoided them in droves. Many solutions to this problem were suggested and tried, from mandated programs to sink-or-swim. One idea that seemed at the time among the most exotic and unlikely (that is, in the jargon of the Sixties, among the most "radical") turned out to work rather well. Some of us had guessed that students were refusing the help we were providing because it seemed to them merely an extension of the work, the expectations, and above all the social structure of traditional classroom learning. And...
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...Randy Orton Enc316 Mark Henry Conversation of Gay Marriage In the United States, gay marriage has become legalized in all 50 states of the United States. It has now become a prominent political issue because many politicians represent states where people feel strongly one way or another. Even though it has become legalized in all 50 states, some Americans are unhappy with the progress that the gay community is making, and more liberal Americans are upset because the gay community is not making enough progress. Many debates constantly surface about this topic, one of which was present online in an open forum. This forum, entitled “www.youdebate.com/DEBATES/gay_marriage,” was one where many people stated how they feel about gay marriage and why. Anyone was allowed to make statements on this website, no matter how they felt. The ways that these statements were presented on “YouDebate.com” are a form of communication that links Kwame Anthony Appiah’s ideas in his essay “Cosmopolitanism.” Appiah uses the term “cosmopolitanism” to discuss how people from different backgrounds should consider one another’s opinions through conversations. In Appiah’s essay entitled “Cosmopolitanism,” he discusses how people can achieve a better understanding of one another by listening to each other. He believes that if people have an open mind and do not judge one another, then conversing together may create a world that is more accepting. Appiah thinks that the American society has changed...
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...Introduction: My research question is: What is the primary meaning of fishing to the community of Santa Barbara fishermen? To best answer this question I decided to visit the Goleta Pier and interview fishermen. I went to the pier twice to conduct my research, on March 2nd and March 3rd, from 1 to 2 p.m. each time. I conducted seven natural conversation ethnographic interviews, as defined by Tony Whitehead: "The discourse is similar to what naturally occurs in a conversation, and usually occurs when the ethnographer is simply another participant in a conversation. However, ethnographers, having some idea of what it is that they want to learn in the setting, aspects of their research concerns are never far from their consciousness, even though...
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...Conversation of Gay Marriage Gay marriage has been a critical topic in many countries since 1924. Around the year 2000, countries such as America and the UK started approving gay marriages, although not everyone agreed with this decision. People against gay marriage feel that if it was to be legalized, the importance of marriage would fade away and some people would refer to marriage in a different way. In the United States, gay marriage has now become legalized in all 50 states as of June 26, 2015. It has now become a prominent political issue because many politicians represent states where people feel strongly one way or another. Even though it has become legalized in all 50 states, some Americans are unhappy with the progress that the gay community is making, and more liberal Americans are upset because the gay community is not making enough progress. Kwame Anthony Appiah, a philosopher, believes that cultural differences are to be respected in so far as they are not harmful to people and in no way conflict with our universal concern for every human’s life and well being. (18) Every individual person should have equal rights, regardless of sexuality. Gay marriage should stay legalized in all states and should be legalized in all countries, as it has been held off for too long. Many debates constantly surface about this topic, one of which was present online in an open forum. This forum, found at “www.youdebate.com/DEBATES/gay_marriage,” was one where many people...
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...governmental problems in St. Louis. She expresses the desire to move past Ferguson and have a conversation on race. This will help support the civically abandoned and will create a better community. Throughout Ferguson Won’t Heal Kendzior uses imagery, pathos, ethos and metaphor to uncover the city’s pain and its desire to heal. This concept of healing is very metaphorical in this article and although the actual event of Ferguson may have ended, as Kendzior says, “There has been no healing, only deeper wounds. There has been no closure, only a desire to move on. St. Louis wants to move forward, but it is driving blind.” Here, Kendzior talks about healing in a metaphorical sense. The deep wounds are a lack of communication and the lack of a sense of community in St. Louis and even in America. The idea of driving blind is a metaphor for the government’s lack of initiative (being blind) to fix this ongoing problem of discrimination. Driving blind is not going to get you anywhere except in a more dangerous position than before, which is how Kendzior feels about Ferguson’s situation. By using the metaphor of driving blind, Kendzior also evokes pathos because everyone can relate to driving blind and its consequences. However, Kendzior does think that this lack of communication can be solved with a simple conversation where both parties are empathetic and really listen, she says, “It is a conversation that won’t bring...
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...Communication and Conversation According to Benjamin (2005) Communication is a point-to-point, limited, prescriptive transaction in which information is exchanged. Benjamin (2005) goes on to say: “Conversation is a helical, expanding, ingenious, transforming, turning together around a specific topic or group of topics.” Teams who work toward goals and objectives that do not require creative or ingenious solutions might be able to complete their work only utilizing good communication skills. Team members who communicate well are able to gather and organize information and pass the information along a linear path to a defined destination. These teams know what is expected from them as a result of their work. These teams may have served a valuable purpose before technology advances made tasks such as gathering and organizing data by humans unnecessary. With the advancement of complex electronic data management systems, the need for teams who only communicate is vanishing. One role of a leader in these problem-solving and results-producing teams is to facilitate conversation. According to Benjamin, leaders in conversation are able to perceive multiple approaches to a topic, interest one or more other people in exploring a topic, engage in a process about discovery about a topic, and stimulate new perception in others (Benjamin 2005). Mastering these skills will enable a leader of today’s work teams to foster ingenuity and creativity. Antonioni (1996) states: Organizations...
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...Troy McVey, I gained insight on his personal perspective on the language community of The Guam Humanities Council. Being the Counselors treasurer he manages the organizations money. He is also the Associate Dean, Associate Professor of Theatre College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences at the University of Guam. Troy McVey shared interesting knowledge of the Guam Humanities Council, such as its purpose and goals to help the different cultures and language communities in Guam as told by him. The Guam Humanities Council’s purpose is a nonprofit organization that fosters and advocates for humanities. The humanities meaning studying and talking about other people and groups. They receive a lot of their funding from a National Endowment Grant, which specifically pay for the activities and programs involved in the Council. They are located at the Reflection Center in Hagatna, Guam. The two most language based projects that occurred several years ago where the Micronesian Question Project and the 7000 Community Conversations. The Micronesian Question Project provided community engagement workshops that targeted Micronesian youth to express their cultural experience through poetry, reading, and writing on Guam. Several workshop projects were led by University of Guam faculty members such as Ms. Carol Simpson-Warner and Dr. Sharlene Santos Bamba. The 7000 Community Conversation project was a series of conversations of groups regarding the military buildup on Guam. Groups of people from...
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...World Café method is a way to bring people together for simultaneous rounds of conversation to answer questions and discuss a certain topic. This method of community consultation was created by Juanita Brown and David Isaacs, who created the method after observing how groups of people naturally conversed with each other when they were in a café style setting. The primary objective of The World Café method is to generate a broad range of perspectives for influencing inclusive, ongoing attention to strategies as well as goals and tasks. It is a action research method that employs intentional engagement in a large number of individuals for a short term. These participants explore tightly focused questions that require targeted input from different...
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...Only Benefiting Students How much do you rely on technology for help when it comes to completing a task? People all around the world, including myself, rely on technology a lot. Whether it is with school related, work related, or just personal use. With technology advancing everyday, we can virtually do anything with cell phones or computers. By knowing that there is an alternative and much easier way of doing a task, individuals become accustomed to keep using the source(s) for the easy way out. Not only is it a much easier way, but people lose many other factors and the main purpose by not doing it first hand. Younger generations are the ones that are being affected by the technology the most. In most schools around the world, technology is now being fitted into the school's curriculum in order to lead the students into a successful path. However, it is only giving the students an easier way to find the answers without them actually learning and comprehending what the main lesson(s) or purpose is. For example, when a student is writing a research paper, all he or she has to do is go on a computer, type in a couple of words, and the research is done. Instantly a student can have information and answers without doing any actual research themselves. Technology is not only giving the answers directly to the student but it is putting them down for failure in the outside world when they face the challenge of not being able to rely back to the computer or phone. The teachers rely...
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...Tribes: The Study of an Online Community Tribes is an online multiplayer game where different missions, worlds, weapons, and players combine to create a defend and destroy kind of gaming experience. Players use mouse, key, and voice commands to target and destroy the enemy as they sneak around trying to capture the other team’s flag and return it to their own base. But it is more than just a game that these players have created with. They have created a whole with an interactive website leading to discussion forums and chat rooms, where the action really takes place. Call it a behind the scenes look at Tribes. Teams are put together, players are taught and assisted, and even more so, long-lasting friendships are made. I studied the discussion forums of Tribalwar.com and continually entered the Tribal war chat room hosted by the server irc.dynamix.com for a period of two weeks. I found an online community full of life constantly being infested with anything from small talk to serious gaming talk. In the article “Log on and Shoot,” Katie Hafner discusses online gaming becoming a sort of addiction. She claims it is turning into a “virtual party” and that oftentimes the game becomes the underdog when conversation takes over (Hafner 75). And this, Hafner says, is the kind of stuff that gaming networks want. They want to have the it takes to create an online type of community for gamers in order to keep their clients and players devoted (Hafner 75). T ribalwar.com...
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...surveys and statistical analyses, but none have used ethnography as a means for analysis. This paper draws upon ethnographic data to provide a phenomenological explanation to the Facebook experience. It argues that the digital world is a large part of the experience of young Americans and that the Internet is more social than commonly thought.[2] Moreover, this paper problematizes the static nature of the Profile, arguing that the Profile converses directly with others’ Profiles in a constantly changing digital context that is simultaneously recreated and interpreted. Introduction Embodied conversation between individuals begins when they weave performance and interpretation into an intricate dance that allows individuals to consider voice and body cues. Meaning is interpreted from the context of the conversation and nuances of body and gesture.[3] However, embodied conversation differs from computer-mediated communication, where individuals must write themselves into being.[4] With the Facebook Profile, multiple forms of media attempt to bridge the physical and the digital worlds and recapture some of the interpersonal cues that have been filtered out by the medium.[5] Ultimately, the digital...
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...my backpack. These are only a few instances where menstruation comes entangled with shame. The only way we can normalize the taboo surrounding menstruation is by openly talking about it. As a spoken word poet, I want to use storytelling as a tool to change people’s perspective on menstruation through conversation, education, and...
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...goal through advocacy, support, and education (free of charge) with in the communities of West Suburban Cook County.” Twenty-three years have passed since NAMI Metro Suburban opened its doors to help families and adults living with mental illness. The impact on the community has strengthened since it’s humble beginnings in 1993 expanding the programs reach into 5 neighboring suburban communities. Adults with mental illness embark on the road to recovery after diagnosis or a mental health crisis. Unfortunately, many adults will be hospitalized or incarcerated due to...
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...century. Conversations in Black, Brown, and ethnic communities express fears not of what might happen, but of hateful actions that are occurring make us doubt our lives matter. Meanwhile, Anti-Semitism, once thought to be anemic in America, is a daily headline causing Jews to question if their “white identity cards” are still valid or ever truly existed. As a Jew of Color, I am involved in these conversations, but rarely at the same table. Jews of Color stand at the crossroads of two (and sometimes several) communities. Often this complexity is ignored; we are expected to renounce one identity and...
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...Traditionally, consumers used the Internet to simply expend content: they read it, they watched it, and they used it to buy products and services. Increasingly, however, consumers are utilizing platforms–—such as content sharing sites, blogs, social networking, and wikis–—to create, modify, share, and discuss Internet content. This represents the social media phenomenon, which can now significantly impact a firm’s reputation, sales, and even survival. Yet, many executives eschew or ignore this form of media because they don’t understand what it is, the various forms it can take, and how to engage with it and learn. In response, we present a framework that defines social media by using seven functional building blocks: identity, conversations, sharing, presence, relationships, reputation, and groups. As different social media activities are defined by the extent to which they focus on some or all of these blocks, we explain the implications that each block can have for how firms should engage with social media. To conclude, we present a number of recommendations regarding how firms should develop strategies for monitoring, understanding, and responding to different social media activities. # 2011 Kelley School of Business, Indiana University. All rights reserved. 1. Welcome to the jungle: The social media ecology Social media employ mobile and web-based technologies to...
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