...Stress–Essay on definitions & coping strategies By Karyn Krawford 08/08 Introduction: Weiten et al (2009) propose that stress is an epidemic in the 21st century that commonly affects all of us on a daily basis, when considering minor stress from environmental conditions such as noise and pollution. Even though time saving gadgets and self help tools have increased substantially in the 20th century and people have more control over their lives, there is an increase of anxiety and people have less free time. “We will define stress as any circumstances that threaten or are perceived to threaten one’s well-being and thereby tax one’s coping abilities”. (Pg 71). For example a person can no longer meet external demands such as work or relationships because they feel they do not have the resources to cope. Chronic stress is in the eye of the beholder. Stress is of such concern that the UK now recognises ‘National Stress Awareness Day’ (http://www.nationalstressawarenessday.co.uk). What is Stress? 1. Stress is defined firstly by an event. Our primary appraisal of the event is conducted and then a secondary appraisal of available coping resources. If the event taxes resources that are often not available it is considered a 'stressor'. For example a person perceived to be experiencing stress could have problems with the resource; maintaining peace of mind. 2. Stress types - There are acute (short-term) and chronic (long- term)...
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...COPING STRATEGIES AS A FUNCTION OF GENDER AND EDUCATIONAL LEVEL 1 Running Head: COPING STRATEGIES AS A FUNCTION OF GENDER AND EDUCATIONAL LEVEL Coping Strategies as a Function of Gender and Educational Level of Public and Private University Students A project is submitted to the Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka, in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Bachelor of Science degree in Psychology. Submitted By Md. Humayun Kabir Exam Roll: 1701 Registration no HA- 1605 Session: 2007-2008 Department of psychology University of Dhaka Project supervisor Dr. Mahfuza Khanam Professor Department of Psychology University of Dhaka COPING STRATEGIES AS A FUNCTION OF GENDER AND EDUCATIONAL LEVEL 2 Abstract This study investigated the differences in the coping strategies adopted by male and female first year and fourth year students of public and private university. A total number of 120 students (60 male and 60 female), where 60 from public university and 60 from private university, age ranging from 17 to 23 years were selected as sample. Non-probability sampling technique and purposive field survey were used for collecting data. The Bangla version of the “Coping Scale” (Huque, 2004) was used for assessing coping strategies. Results revealed significant differences between males and females in terms of engagement in both adaptive and non-adaptive coping strategies. In addition, educational level and university type had no effect on adaptive...
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...Understanding, that alcohol, drugs, and other coping mechanisms are more powerful than relaxation and breathing techniques rocked my world. I comprehended that they were effective but had not pondered the level of their effect. Past explanations had communicated to me that they were equal. Consequences of inadequate information had me doubting my ability to implement safe coping strategies for myself effectively. Honesty with clients is imperative because it builds trust and respect. Stating that the client’s method of coping is valid and highly effective while educating them about the importance of replacing their current strategies with ones that are not harmful to self and others is imperative. Properly comprehending all the variables...
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...The effects of behaviour and development when a child suffer from a bereavement The loss of someone close through death is a traumatic and painful event for the majority of people. For many children and young people the death of a parent, sibling, friend or relative can be extremely difficult because of the child’s inability to understand and articulate their feelings. Similarly young people who have been bereaved whilst they are on the cusp of adulthood can find the emotions that they are experiencing to be frighteningly intense. Grief is individual and the processes of mourning are never the same between two people. However some of the responses to death and bereavement can be similar depending on the age, level of comprehension, relationship with the person who has died and the emotional resilience of the mourner. The following responses are common Alternating play and sadness Members of the school staff may be the first to recognise changes in the bereaved child or young person’s behaviour outside of their immediate family, who may not have noticed if they too are grieving. Young children may appear to be sad and withdrawn one minute then might begin playing with building blocks or dolls the next. This is because unlike adults, bereaved children do not possess the emotional reserves to grieve continuously and they will need respite from their grief. Play allows the bereaved child to shift their focus from their grief, albeit for a short while, until they are sufficiently...
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...Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES This chapter reviews the related literature and studies from other researches relevant to the present study. Related Literature Many researches have been conducted to know what stress is all about and its effects to human if it exceeds beyond our control. Selye as cited by Berry (1997) defined stress in physiological terms as a non-specific or generalized bodily response. This response results when any demand is made on the body, whether it is an environment condition that we must survive or a demand that we make ourselves in order to accomplish a personal goal. Selye distinguished between two forms of stress. Distress is the response to negative events and eustress (euphoria) is the response to positive events. Stress is good and will motivate people to succeed, but too much stress can affect one’s performance (http://www.chow.com). Greener as cited by de Jesus (2010:p.22) opined that most people can cope with and even need a certain amount of stress to perform to the peak of their ability but when demands for dealing with it outstrip resources, strength or time, it becomes dangerous. Feldman (2005) said that stress is a normal part of life and not a necessary a bad part of life. However, it is also clear that too much stress can take a toll on both physical and psychological health. According to Stuthers (2000), stress is what people feel when they are worried or...
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...Burnout has severe negative consequences on nurses. (Cimoitti et al., 2012). Therefore creating coping strategies and solutions to this problem is urgent and necessary through nursing management, organization and leadership at all levels, development of nurse practice environment, stress reduction interventions, lifestyle, emotional intelligence and self-awareness and problem focused and emotion focused coping strategies (Ndawula, 2016). Nursing management, organization, and leadership at all levels Good leadership and management have been shown to alleviate stress in the health care system (Wright, 2014). Nursing managers and organizations have the responsibility for reviewing the high requirements for nurses and providing resources...
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...ABRIO, RITHCHIL P. ATILLO, FRANCESCA ARRIANA B. Idea/QuestionIdea: The life and works of being student assistant in Lourdes College are Question: How will the student assistant manage/balance both performance and education? | Why this idea?To help student assistants cope on their stressful experience.To gain greater understanding of the situation. | Plan to discover(Idea/Question) * The strategies of the S.A students in balancing their work while studying.How will they manage the stressful task under student assistant program?Why are they under this program?What are their problems of being S.A? | What needs to be done * Conduct a survey to all S.A student * Conduct interview * Use book as a material for the research | 1 CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM The student assistant is a student member of a college coaching staff, teaching assistance, resident assistant, a trained peer leader, within a college, university, or group housing facility. A student working as support assistance for the faculty and staff. Student assistantship is generally a part-time position. Job description includes technological support in class assistance, first-level computer support, etc. student assistant are also supposed to establish a good rapport with the faculty will not be disturbed and shy by their I.T- related problems. On the whole...
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...reasoning for the order that I chose in each paragraph. Stress Management While stress can be a great motivator, it is not so great for your health. One of the leading sources of stress is the workplace. Workplace stress is not so great for a company’s bottom line, which results in absenteeism, lowered productivity, turnover and health claims. According to Safani’s article, In order to combat the costs associated with these issues, many employers have implemented one or more of the following strategies. This list includes the percentage of companies that are using these strategies. * Work/life balance support programs (46%) * Leadership training on worker stress (45%) * Online healthy lifestyle programs (45%) * Onsite fitness centers (43%) * Physical activity programs (38%) * Stress awareness campaigns (35%) * Financial management classes (30%) * Personal health/lifestyle management coaching (29%) From this list, the most beneficial strategies are Stress awareness campaigns and Leadership training on worker stress. A company first needs to build a general awareness about job stress, such as the causes, costs, and how to control job stress. Afterwards, it is necessary to secure top management commitment and support for the program. Finally, establishing the capacity to conduct the program, such as specialized training for in-house staff. Leadership needs to be able to identify the first signs of stress, which could be low morale, health...
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...COURSEWORK STRESS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: Investigating problem solving coping, wishful thinking coping, anxiety and depression as predictors of coursework stress. ANN-MARIE ROY Contact: aroy11@caledonian.ac.uk COURSEWORK STRESS STUDY ANN-MARIE ROY ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to investigate students’ perceived university coursework stress and whether the use of wishful thinking or problem-focused coping was related to anxiety and depression levels. The method of investigation was a four-part questionnaire. Participants were 81 Glasgow Caledonian University students. There were two hypotheses: 1) problem solving copers will score lower on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale. 2) Those high in perceived coursework stress and who reveal wishful thinking strategies will have higher anxiety and depression scores. A multiple regression revealed partial support for both hypotheses – problem strategies had no relationship to coursework stress but wishful thinking and anxiety were both positive predictors of stress; however, contrary to hypothesis 2 depression revealed a strong negative association with stress. The conclusion from this study is that wishful thinkers are also more likely to be anxious; problem focused copers are not anxious, depressed or stressed; stressed students do not suffer from depression. The last finding is possibly because coursework stress is a transient stressor not severe enough to trigger depression. 2 COURSEWORK STRESS...
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...moving world; no one is free from stress and challenges that comes from a person's own self and it's environment. Weiten, (2010) defines coping as, “Active efforts to master, reduce, or tolerate the demands created by stress”. Along with this, it depends on individual’s coping mechanism. Adaptive coping is to re-frame a situation in a positive light. Whereas, Sincero, (2012), explains maladaptive coping as identical to "non-coping", as if when an individual responds to a stressor using a coping mechanism but isn't capable of reducing the stress. Hence, in maladaptive coping an individual indulge in coping strategies to reduce stress but result in increased health risks and maladaptive behaviour. On other hand, WHO (2007) defines mental health as: “a state of well-being in which every individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community”. Thus, the person who can cope life stressors effectively are said to be mentally healthy. Hence, we can understand, the relation between coping and mental health. The nurse role is significant in this regard and they can make a positive change in patient’s life, by encouraging adaptive coping. Further, this paper will discuss about a case scenario regarding maladaptive coping and mental health and will give literature view regarding it. In a clinical scenario, I observed, a 34 years old male was admitted for...
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...Problem-focused coping strategies are coping efforts primarily aimed at directly changing or managing a threatening or harmful stressor. In Ch. 8, a problem-focused coping example would be self-care. By taking care of your health, you are able to make an impact on your stress level. In order to keep stress levels under your control, it is important that you treat yourself the way you deserve to feel. In other words, nurture yourself. Another example is eating the right kinds of food, as well as amount. Our bodies need to make many nutrients to survive. When neglected, some of us develop unhealthy habits connecting stress and food. Instead of filling up your hunger, this type of eating has to do with immediate gratification and escape from stress. As a result, one must not give in to the bad temptation of food under such circumstances. Instead, by having more of complex carbohydrates, proteins, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin C, Choline, and fluids, one would experience less stress and find more happiness. In addition, sleeping right to reduce stress is another problem-focused coping strategy. The lack of sleep can lead to impairment of daytime functioning. Lack of sleep can also hinder your normal bodily functions as well. All of this caused additional stress to a person. So, good quality sleep is vitally important, which means one should be getting approximately 8 hours of sleep to feel rested. Organizing your time is another problem-focused coping strategy. By knowing...
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...Stress and Coping Name: Pamela Holloway Specific purpose: To inform my audience about stress and give some ways to cope. Central Idea: Stress can take a lot out of us, and having some idea of what causes your stress, and some ways to manage it can be beneficial to your health. Introduction: Gain Attention: Did you know that at least two thirds of all visits to healthcare providers may be for stress related illnesses? Establish Credibility: Through life experience and research. Motivate audience: We all experience stress every day, having a couple ideas on how to handle it can help. Thesis statement: We are going to talk a little bit about what stress is, some of its effects on the body (Good and Bad), as well as some coping mechanisms. Transition: First let’s talk about what stress is. Body: I. What is Stress? A. Stress refers to the physical and emotional states that we experience as a result of changes and challenges in our lives. 1. Can be positive or negative B. Stressor are the things that cause us stress Transition: What are the effects of stress on the body? II. What are some of the affects that stress has on your health? A. Excessive amounts of stress hormones have negative effects on your immune system. 1. A weak immune system can lead to worsening of existing health problems, increase the chances of catching a cold, and it can even increase your chances of having a heart attack. B. Stress hormones in lower...
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...Adams, S., & Baronberg, J. (2005) Promoting Positive Behavior: Guidance Strategies for Early Childhood Settings, p. 15-16. Pearson PLC Alton-Lee, A. & Praat, A. (2001). Explaining and Addressing Gender Differences in the New Zealand Compulsory School Sector. Retrieved from educationcounts.govt.nz: http://www.educationcounts.govt.nz/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/12141/Explaining_and_Addressing_Gender_Differences.pdf Centre for Studies on Human Stress (2000). Trick Your Stress: Coping Strategies. Retrieved from humanstress.ca: http://www.humanstress.ca/stress/trick-your-stress/steps-to-instant-stress-management.html De Dios, A. Ph.D (2013). Understanding Learning Styles. Retrieved from http://www.philippinesbasiceducation.us/2013/05/understanding-learning-styles.html Hacker, A. (2007). Mismatch: The Growing Gulf Between Women and Men. New York City. Scribner Publishing Hussain, A. (2006). Effect of Guidance Series on Study Attitudes Study Habit and Academic Achievement of Secondary Students. Bulletin of Education and Research 28 (1): 35 – 45. Retrieved from http://pu.edu.pk/images/journal/ier/previous_pdf/3_Effect%20of%20Guidance%20Services_F.pdf Learning Good Study Habits (2009). Retrieved from www.england.edu/other-resources/learning-good-study-habits Lucas, M. and Corpuz B. (2007).Facilitating Learning: a Metacognitive Process. 776 Aurora Blvd., cor. Boston Street, Cubao, Quezon City, Metro Manila: Lorimar Publishing, Inc Marquez, M. S. 2009. Ways of Encouragement...
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...working to be held accountable for being bold personally and academically. My student readiness survey was spot on and matched my personality traits exactly. I was not surprised by this because I think one of my strengths is knowing myself really well. I have a high level of self-awareness and strong sense of being emotionally connected. This works to my advantage because I am able to be honest with myself, in result providing me accurate and effective answers from the survey. For instance, on my survey in response to “It is important to me to finish what I start” it said my responses suggested that I have had some success in persisting and overcoming obstacles to accomplish my goals; to consider building on these successes by practicing coping skills that have previously worked. I agree with this response because more often than not I am able to adapt to any situation and be flexible enough to find a way to make sure everything gets done. Since this is not the case every time, I do need to build on these skills. I know that I am able to accomplish this, so, exactly what my survey said to do; use what has been successful to me in the past and try to put that into practice every time. Another example I thought to be accurate was my response to “In reaching agreement, I consider the needs of others as well as my own needs.” My response was that my ability to do this is viewed as a strength. I agree with this being a strength because I value other people thoughts and work to make...
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...Crisis Paper Casie Yu MCPHS University Patient Background Sammy is 27 year old, female patient who came into the hospital for opiates withdrawal/dependence. Sammy is white American and has been baptized but doesn’t attend to church regularly. She is admitted to the hospital for a detox for opiate dependence. Patient states that she currently uses “two bundles of heroin per day through shooting up for the past month. I also shoot up $20 of cocaine for the past month and I smoke marijuana once per week for the last three years”. Sammy has started using three years ago. Sammy also smokes tobacco about one pack per day for about ten years. Three years ago, Sammy got in a serious car accident that hospitalized her. The medical complications that followed up with the car accident is diagnosed with having reflex sympathetic dystrophy of the lower limbs and had a spinal cord stimulator implanted. The first surgery was faulty because the implanted battery wasn’t working. During the second surgery, the wiring of the batteries was wrong and the stimulator was stimulating the wrong leg. Sammy went back the third time and finally, the stimulator was working where it is suppose to be. Although the stimulator was working and suppose to help sooth the pain, Sammy still could not bear the pain. Due to the reflex sympathetic dystrophy of the lower limbs after the car accident, Sammy stated that she could not stand for long periods of times and she cannot lift more than twenty to...
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