...Cultural Diversity in Australia Paper by John Thompson, Collection Research, Documentation and Promotion, for the National Conservations and Preservation Strategy Public Forum, October 1996. Introduction This paper has been written in response to an invitation from the Conservation Working Party of the Heritage Collections Committee of the Cultural Ministers Council. Its purpose is to consider the implications of cultural diversity in Australia in a program which seeks to implement the National Conservation and Preservation Policy for Movable Cultural Heritage issued by the Heritage Collections Committee of the Cultural Ministers Council in September 1995. That document included ten policy statements intended to provide the framework for a proposed National Conservation Strategy which might pave the way for a concerted effort to improve the conservation status of heritage collections in Australia. In relation to cultural diversity, the statement of policy (Policy Statement 2) was expressed as follows: The Commonwealth, State, Territory and Local Governments acknowledge the diversity of cultures of the Australian people which should be reflected in the definition and identification of movable cultural heritage. Expressed in this way, the policy statement does little more than state the obvious that Australia is a culturally diverse community and that efforts, unspecified, should be made to ensure that justice is done to this demographic and social reality in the programs which...
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...1. Introduction Multiculturalism refers to communities containing various attitudes and behaviour that are characteristic of a particular social group or organization. According to (Immigration and Multiculturalism, n.d.), Australia is a country of migrants, originally from United Kingdom, which more than the path of two hundred years, displaced an original inhabitant and founded a liberal-democratic state. In the early days, Australians were disturbed by the subject of 'ethnicity'. For over fifty years, part of Australia ‘cultural issue' has been solved by implementing a rule of elimination. Australia changes their approach and at last discarded it in the late 1960s to enlarge its people after World War 2. From this environment, acceptance of a 'cultural diversity' guiding principle in 1970s was a past removal of the preceding procedure. Within the fundamental nature, cultural diversity not only evidenced and showed the growing multiculturalism of the country but as well as to hold and form it. Therefore, definition of “Multiculturalism promotes the integration of ethnic acceptance and respect for cultural diversity, community harmony and inclusion.” is true. Skilled labour is any worker who has acquired certain skill in their job or may have attended a college or technical school. An example of a skilled labour job is carpenters. Unskilled worker is a worker who has not acquired special skill or proficiency. If there is a shortage of migrant skills, the...
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...Religious diversity has enriched Australian culture and brought Australia together as a community through it’s learning about other cultures, celebrating other cultural events or being part a religious organisation. Religion is important to many people whether they are Christian, Buddhist, Muslim, Hindu, or another religion. Religion becomes part of their daily life though practices and traditions. All these religions have different beliefs and practices that are focused around one God or multiple Gods/Goddesses. In the 2011 Census, Christians represented 61% of the population. Non-Christians represented about 8% of the population while about 31% of the population stated they had no religion or did not state their religion. Aboriginal Australians...
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...maintaining their Muslim culture and identity. Woodlock (2011) surveyed 600 Muslim Australians and found that they were successfully able to integrate their Muslim and Australian lives. This resonates with the voice of the former South Australian Young Person of the year Khadija Gbla, who said in response to calls for the implementation of prayer rooms; “This is what is going to make us feel like Aussies” (Rintoul, 2012). Purdie and Willss (2007) add further support for this idea, as they suggest that minority groups in Australia have long participated in sport to integrate into Australian society, as well as “to maintain their non-Australian identity”. In support, Elder (2007) argues that the Australian identity is formed from the ethnic and cultural diversity in modern Australian society, and that Australian culture is no longer firmly Anglo-Saxon rooted. She argues that Australians from non-British or Irish backgrounds see the Australian identity as a reflection of diversity and that Australians from all backgrounds strongly identify with being Australian. Therefore, (it appears that) Australian culture is multicultural, and is made up of many different...
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...Drama Makes Meaning Drama Australia – The National Association for Drama Education What is Drama? Drama is an artform highly accessible to young people. In education, it is a mode of learning that challenges and supports students to make meaning of their world and enables them to express and communicate ideas in the artform. ΅΅ Drama is the enactment of real and imagined events through roles and situations. ΅΅ Drama enables individuals and groups to explore, shape and symbolically represent ideas and feelings and their consequences. ΅΅ Drama has the capacity to move and transform participants and audiences. It can affirm and challenge values, cultures and identities. ΅΅ Drama includes a wide range of experiences, such as dramatic play, improvisation, role-play, text interpretation, theatrical performance and multi-modal/hybrid texts. It includes the processes of making, presenting and responding. ΅΅ Drama draws on many different contexts, from past and present societies and cultures. Drama is one of the five arts subjects that make up the Australian Curriculum: The Arts. View website » Drama Australia uses the term drama broadly to represent related fields of artistic activity including theatre and performance. Drama encompasses a range of activities that both share conceptual similarities as well as specific differences relating to form and purpose. Drama is recognised and celebrated as a relevant and significant art form that both reflects and contributes to culture. An...
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...What is diversity? Diversity is a perception that is based on individual acceptance and respect. It is an understanding that each and every individual are unique and different on many levels. In short, diversity refers to the physical differences in people and also the non-physical differences. Diversity is built on the principles of equal employment opportunity to include inherent differences such as gender, age, ethnicity, race, cultural / linguistic background, sexual orientation and / or gender identity, intellectual and / or physical ability (Department of Immigration and Citizenship, 2011). Diversity is becoming an integral part of life and more importantly at the workplace. Everyday diversity is increasing in organisations. Australia is one of the most culturally diverse countries in the world: One in two Australians is either born overseas or has a parent from another country (Diversity Council Australia, 2013). In the late 1960s, more than half of Australia’s immigrants came from the United Kingdom and Ireland. Today, these countries represent only 15% of immigrants whereas 25% are from various parts of Asia (McShane, et al., 2013). At a workplace everybody knows that there is no such thing as a homogeneous work team any more. In at least 70% of all international companies, the work force will be a mixture of diverse cultures, religions and races. In such a scenario, it becomes important to promote ethnic, social, cultural and gender-related diversity in the workplace...
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...? This essay will focus on the example of Australia. Australian law was founded, based on the British common law, imposing on the already existing custom of indigenous aboriginals. Additionally with the rise of globalisation, diversities of cultures and ethnic groups immigrated to Australia, leading the country to multiculturalism. In compliance to human rights and International law, Australia is...
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...“Discuss how Castles Multiculturalism” The emergence of multiculturalism as prominent term in Western discourse concerning ethnic diversity, conflict and management coincides with increasing awareness in the Western industrial societies, especially over the last two decades, that ethnic groups had not lost their saliency in the lives of large numbers of people. Their earlier perceptions about such a loss of saliency coincides with the 19th century emergence of modern-industrial states, where social theorists such as Durkheim, Weber and Marx, theorised that status based social differentiation was replaced by the social class as the driving force in society. Ethnicity and racial differences were viewed as surviving anachronisms, dating from pre-modern, traditional societies. This analysis was shared by social commentators and policy-makers who operated with an often implicit view that assimilation of minority groups had either occurred, or was in progress. The trend towards global cultural homogenisation, typified by the metaphor of the "global village ", presaged a quickening of this type of development. Even in those industrial nations such as Australia, Canada or the USA which continued to receive large numbers of immigrants, assimilation was viewed as the inevitable process. By the 1960s, the ethnic rights movement and unrest in a number of the Western industrial countries led to increased questioning of assumptions that ethnic differences were of declining significance...
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...Australian Multiculturalism Multiculturalism merits special attention because of its significance as a national policy of accommodating migrants from diverse cultural backgrounds. Multiculturalism is more significant because of the larger claims it made about the actual or preferred character of the Australian people and national culture. These embellishments were promoted by a relatively small coterie of elites, as Mark Lopez has painstakingly documented,1 and became standard formulations used in official accounts of Australian national identity and citizenship. While the sting has gone out of multiculturalism and the national debate has moved on to issues of citizenship and refugee policy, multicultural formulations still inform official documents. According to this view, Australia is now made up of people of diverse cultures that should be given equal status with the Australian mainstream. Australian citizenship is then invoked as the glue that binds these different groups into a national unity. The multicultural account of Australia as a nation of diverse cultural groups has been taken over by the Australian Citizenship Council in its prescriptions for Australian Citizenship for a New Century.2 The Citizenship Council eschews any notion of common national identity or shared culture in favour of 'public acceptance of diversity' and abstract civic values. Such values underpin citizenship, according to the Citizenship Council, and these together define and unite Australians. In the...
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...http://www.apop.com.au/pdf/MaryKalantzisse2402speech.pdf http://johnbuttonprize.org.au/static/files/assets/040dfe80/John_Button_School_Prize_winner_2012_Anjali_Bethune.pdf http://www.allenandunwin.com/sociologyaustralia/files/Immigration.pdf http://www.immi.gov.au/media/publications/research/social-costs-benefits/chapter_3-6.pdf SECTION IV: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF MIGRATION | Advantages | Disadvantages | |1. Cultural and linguistic diversity: |Racial conflict: | |Considered a valuable resource |There are those whose this as a | |Over 200 languages spoken here |threat to Australia’s Anglo-Celtic | |A rich mix of traditions, cultures, |background. | |languages and beliefs: |Some groups are discriminated | |multiculturalism is now considered |against eg. Sudanese people in | |a defining characteristic of Aust’s |Tamworth. | |identity. ...
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...country has benefits, immigrants often face considerable challenges as they learn and adjust to the norms and values of the host culture. In particular, immigrant workers may face the ‘‘double jeopardy’’ of dealing with stressors related to both working in a new country as well as to living in a new society (de Castro, Gilbert & Takeuchi 2008). Like other European countries, Australia is also a very attractive destination for migrant workers. Migrants have been part of Australian society and the Australian workforce since colonisation began in 1788. However the migrant population at the time was of a predominantly European background. It was from the mid-nineteen century when Chinese, Pacific Islander, Lebanese, Afghan, Indian and European migrants arrived and settled in Australia. Due to the gradual liberalisation of Australian immigration policies, the ethnic composition of Australian migrants has shifted significantly, bringing in migrants from Southern Europe, Middle East, Asia and South America. Today well over 20% of Australians were born in another country, out of whom more than half came to Australia from non-English speaking countries in Europe, the Middle East, Asia and South America (Dept of Immigration). This essay will focus on the reasons behind the different workplace experiences of NESB employees; what...
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...American Axle Tracey Taschereau BUS401 February 3, 2013 April Miller Abstract American Axle Manufacturing (AAM) has already expanded globally into many areas. In order to better understand how a company initiates this process, we will walk through many areas together, including an overview/history; types of products and services offered; Australia and it’s cultural norms, the roles ethics and cultural diversity play; the political, legal, cultural, and economic make-up of Australia; the role that Information Technology and the Internet will play; the advantages or disadvantages of manufacturing and material location; and AAM’s approach to marketing and advertising. International Expansion American Axle Manufacturing is a leading, global Tier-One automotive supplier of driveline and drivetrain systems and related components for light trucks, SUVs, passenger cars, crossover vehicles and commercial vehicles. AAM is a multi-billion dollar company with more than 30 locations around the globe serving over 100 customers on five continents (AAM, 2013,). AAM announced the opening of its Winter Test Center in Arjeplog, Sweden on March 9, 2012 (AAM, 2013, Investors/Media). Overview and History of AAM According to AAM’s website the foundation for what is now AAM was established in 1917 when General Motors Corporation built an aircraft parts manufacturing facility in Detroit(AAM, 2013) . Later, automotive parts were added to the product mix. By 1920, two...
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...citizens, however it can also be seen to be hugely swayed by political leaders. This essay will demonstrate these points through explanation and the exploration of the thoughts of those, both anti- and pro- immigration with within Australia. It will highlight the assets which migration can provide Australia – economically and culturally and give reasons why anti-immigration policies would damage the society instead of enriching it. Reasons why immigration is seen in a negative light will also be addressed, including national identity loss, unemployment and negative economic effects. Over the last fifty years, Australia has encompassed a large-scale immigration policy predominantly “concerned with population building and importing human capital and skills,”(Jackubowicz 2006). Multiculturalism, strongly linked and interchangeably used with immigration came around as a term in the 1970’s and was initially strongly advocated politically. However in more recent years questions relating to whether or not multiculturalism should be encouraged have arisen, triggering strong debates and inconsistencies amongst Australian’s and particularly in the political sector. There are a range of anti-immigration groups that have existed or still exist in Australia, all aiming (or they aimed) to project their ideas publicly and take action so as to convert and convince Australians their views were for the better and rally...
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...NCVER Cross-cultural training and workplace performance Robert Bean Robert Bean Consulting The views and opinions expressed in this document are those of the author/project team and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Australian Government, state and territory governments or NCVER Publisher’s note Additional information relating to this research is available in Cross-cultural training and workplace performance: Support document. It can be accessed from NCVER’s website . To find other material of interest, search VOCED (the UNESCO/NCVER international database ) using the following keywords: cross cultural training; cultural awareness; workplace learning; capacity building; training provider; employee attitude; employer attitude. © Australian Government, 2008 This work has been produced by the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) under the National Vocational Education and Training Research and Evaluation (NVETRE) Program, which is coordinated and managed by NCVER on behalf of the Australian Government and state and territory governments. Funding is provided through the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this publication may be reproduced by any process without written permission. Requests should be made to NCVER. The NVETRE program is based upon priorities approved by ministers with responsibility for vocational education and training (VET)...
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...Multiculturalism is a public policy approach for managing cultural diversity in a multi ethnic society, officially stressing mutual respect and tolerance for cultural differences within a country's borders. As a policy, multiculturalism emphasizes the unique characteristics of different cultures, especially as they relate to one another in receiving nations. The word was first used in 1957 to describe Switzerland, but came into common currency in Canada in the late 1960s. It quickly spread to other English-speaking countries. Looking at the term broadly, it is often used to describe societies, especially nations which have many distinct cultural groups, usually as a result of immigration. Citrin,J., Sears,D., Muste,C and Wong,C. (2001 p.249) describe multiculturalism as “the presence of people of diverse racial or ethnic backgrounds within a single polity.” This paper will look at the impact that multiculturalism has had on western societies and the different changes that have occurred in societies as a result of multiculturalism. It is very important to think about what we mean by ‘culture’ because it is the main part of ‘multiculturalism’. So, multiculturalism means that there are many different kinds of cultures in one society. This can lead to anxiety about the stability of national identity, yet it can also lead to cultural exchanges that benefit the cultural groups. Such exchanges range from major accomplishments in literature, art and philosophy to relatively token...
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