...Gian Lorenzo Bernini, (born December 7, 1598, Naples, Kingdom of Naples [Italy]—died November 28, 1680, Rome, Papal States), Italian artist who was perhaps the greatest sculptor of the 17th century and an outstanding architect as well. Bernini created the Baroque style of sculpture and developed it to such an extent that other artists are of only minor importance in a discussion of that style. Bernini’s career began under his father, Pietro Bernini, a Florentine sculptor of some talent who ultimately moved to Rome. The young prodigy worked so diligently that he earned the praise of the painter Annibale Carracci and the patronage of Pope Paul V and soon established himself as a wholly independent sculptor. He was strongly influenced by his close study of the antique Greek and Roman marbles in the Vatican, and he also had an intimate knowledge of High Renaissance painting of the early 16th century. His study of Michelangelo is revealed in the St. Sebastian (c. 1617), carved for Maffeo Cardinal Barberini, who was later Pope Urban VIII and Bernini’s greatest patron. A major figure in the world of architecture, he was the leading sculptor of his age, credited with creating the Baroque style of sculpture. As one scholar has commented, 'What Shakespeare is to drama, Bernini may be to sculpture: the first pan-European sculptor whose name is instantaneously identifiable with a particular manner and vision, and whose influence was inordinately powerful...' In addition, he was a painter...
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...of the Four David Artists Through out the years there were many great artists who created many great works of art, but only four Italian artists really stick out for creating the same piece all with different points of views. These artists were Donatello, Verrocchio, Michelangelo, and Bernini, all of who created a David sculpture. Each one very unique and different. These four artists all stand out in there own individual ways. David who was supposed to be the second king of Israel, killed Goliath with just a sling and a single stone. The story of David and Goliath goes something like this, according to the bible in 1 Samuel 17. “The Philistine army gathered for war against the Israelites. The two armies faced each other on opposite sides of a valley. A Philistine giant named Goliath, would come out in armor and challenge the Israelites to war. The King of Israel who at that time was Saul, and his whole army were scared of Goliath. David who was the youngest son of Jesse, was sent to battle for one simple task, to bring his father back news of his brothers. While there, David heard Goliath shouting and saw the fear that had began to show in the men of Israel. David volunteered himself to fight Goliath, it took sometime for Saul to agree, but finally he gave in. Dressed in his simple tunic, carrying only his staff, slingshot and a pouch full of stones, David approached Goliath. The giant cursed at him, making horrible threats and insults. David said to Goliath...
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...Gian Lorenzo Bernini and Michelangelo Buonarroti : Compare and Contrast David This paper will focus on Bernini’s and Michelangelo’s work of art called David. The works of both artists are incredible, beautiful, and breathtaking. The works have interpretations of mythologies and Old Testament stories that originated millenniums ago. Both artists had the ability to produce such rich and poignant emotional content; their works are still able to invoke a deeply affecting response in viewers today. Michelangelo was born on March 6, 1475, at Caprese, in Tuscany (Michelangelo). He was the second of five brothers. Michelangelo lost his mother at the early age of 6. After his mothers passing Michelangelo had a neglected childhood. Throughout his childhood he managed to remain quiet and keep to himself. However, the boy was very intelligent and his father recognized this and sent him off to school (Michelangelo). Michelangelo is known as one of the greatest artists of all time. Gian Lorenzo Bernini was born on November 7, 1598 in Naples and thrived as a Baroque sculptor from the approximate age of eight until his death in 1680. The Baroque style Bernini encompassed was an artistic movement inspired by the Catholic Church after the Counter-Reformation. Baroque sculptures provide a range of viewpoints. Bernini’s Borghese works were similar to performances rather than a sculpture frozen in time (Bernini’s Borghese Sculptures: Another View). His influences included Renaissance masters...
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...The great biblical hero “David” has been represented many times throughout the history of art, and two famous examples of “David” were sculpted by both Michelangelo and Bernini. When sculpting a similar subject matter, there will often be comparable characteristics, but between the different stylistic periods of the Baroque and the High Renaissance, there become noticeable aspects that differentiate them. Known as the first large marble nude to be sculpted since the classical antiquity, Michaelangelo’s "David" was completed in the High Renaissance, with embodiment of the Neoplatonic Ideal. The 14 foot tall sculpture depicts a popular subject in Florentine art, by pridefully representing the city’s patron saint. Completed in 1504, at the age of 24, Michaelangelo’s “David” is widely respected as one of the greatest masterpieces in the history of art. The city of Florence commissioned Michelangelo, which gave him a giant slab of improper marble, previously abandoned. Against expectations, he turned it into a timeless memorial of Florence’s Old Testament hero....
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...Three Sculptures The sculptures of David, the slayer of Goliath, are all highly revered sculptures. The three sculptures from Michelangelo, Bernini, and Donatello all carry the same meaning, which is that David was an important symbol for freedom from tyranny. The way that each artist conveyed their message was very different from the others. Michelangelo’s David is based on the time just prior to battle with Goliath, and Donatello’s was just after the battle. There are similarities these two some of it may be that they are both from the Renaissance era. Both positioned in a manner that they have a curved form to them, and they are both nude. These are a common style in this period of art and relates to the way that the human body was perceived at the time. Michelangelo depicted David larger than life and gave him the sculptured look of the Greek gods. The way he is sculptured gives him a muscular and mature look. Donatello showed David as an adolescent that was still developing into his role. Bernini takes a different approach to the same idea, but he puts David in battle, in the midst of the swing that takes Goliath down. He is taking action there is not any thought of what is coming, nor is he standing confident of from his accomplishment that he has already done. The pose that Bernini has David in shows how David is preparing to throw the stone at Goliath, showing the force that the stone has and the amount of energy that David had. In this period of art, the Baroque...
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...Artists and Artworks from the Baroque Period Nathan Hale American Intercontinental University Abstract The author of this paper examines three works of art from three different artists from the Baroque Period. He compares the different works of art and discusses similarities, differences, and the techniques that were used. The Baroque period ran from 1600 to 1770, Artist of that time used different techniques that were used during the renaissance period to bring drama to art. An immense amount of art in that period shows fantastic energy and emotion. These pieces of art that were designed and created during the Baroque period brought out emotion in the onlookers of the paintings and sculptures. Some of the ways the artist conveyed emotions in their pieces or works is they used dramatic use of light, scale and composition and the curves and the counter curves. The pieces usually hit the onlooker first, by the emotions that were portrayed by the way the artist conveyed his image in his pieces. Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggios is said to have lived the most dangerous and darkest life of most painters, it is said that he lived his life without any restraints. He painted ordinary people as models and painted them with unforgiving realism. His feeling against tradition gave new meaning to traditional themes in religious painting. In his early painting you can see his full revolt against both mannerism and classicism...
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...The story of David and Goliath dates back many years. Goliath was a Philistine giant who challenged the Israelites to fight him. He was dressed in full armor. David was a young Israelite who was sent to bring news to his brothers. While David was delivering this news, he heard Goliath shouting, which made him volunteer to fight the giant. David had on no armor, as his he carried the “Armor of God”. He approached the giant with a sling and some large stones. As Goliath tried to stab him, David flung a stone at him. The stone smashed into Goliath’s forehead which brought him to the ground. David took the opportunity to cut off his head and kill him. Many artists have created sculptures to encompass the great victory of David. These artworks all contrast with one another, but still portray the same story. In this essay I will be comparing these pieces of art made by three different artists. Donatello created the first sculpture in the 1440’s. This was during the early Renaissance era. His medium of choice was bronze. He used the lost wax method, or the process in which a duplicate sculpture (in this case bronze) is cast from an original sculpture of wax. The wax is put into a mold and then melted back out. Then bronze is deposited into the mold. This means that the statue is hollow on the inside. It was made in several different...
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...of art by Bernini, explain the role of the viewer in the Italian Baroque. Be specific in your analysis of the way each artist wished the viewer to respond or interact with his art. Respond to at least one of your classmates who wrote about works by Bernini and Caravaggio other than those you selected. While Michelangelo’s David is today set on a platform in an interior space, where viewers are able to walk around the work and see it from all angles (from ground level), the statue was originally intended to be standing “…on a pedestal highup by Florence Cathedral’s dome… .” (http://news.discovery.com/history/michelangelos-david-as-it-was-meant-to-be-seen.html) Thus, for the most part, the statue was intended to be viewed frontally (ignoring the possibility of walking from side to side at street level). Bernini’s answer to Michelangelo’s David demands that the viewer to walk around the sculpture –not merely to appreciate it, but also to experience the action that is taking place (i.e., David’s launching of a stone at Goliath). Below appears the Bernini David from multiple angles: Walking around and the statue multiple times would permit the viewer to absorb not merely the image of battle –but also to feel the moment of battle, to feel in his or her own body the strain of throwing the deadly projectile, and to experience emotionally the total mental focus of battle, and to experience fear: fear of the enemy, fear of death. Bernini wants the...
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...Gianlorenzo Bernini was an Italian artist born December 7,1598 in Naples he is considered the greatest sculptor and architect of the 17th century.Bernini created the Baroque style of sculpture and in my opinion definitely mastered this style above any one who may have even attempted before or after his era. Bernini's career began under his father, Pietro Bernini, a Florentine sculptor with some talent nothing in comaparison to Gianlorenzo who moved to Rome.Bernini, “a young prodigy“, soon established himself as a independent sculptor. He was strongly influenced by his studies of antique greek and roman marbles in the Vatican, and he waa also very knowledgable of High Renaissance paintings of the early 16th century. The early works of Gianlorenzo caught the attention of Annibale Carracci, Pope Paul V, Scipione Cardinal Borghese, a member of the reigning papal family, and Pope Urban VIII who turned out to be his greatest patron. While Bernini was under Scipione Cardinal Borghese patronage he carved what is known as his first important life-size sculptural which was in groups like a series that showcased his work in levels of progression. The series begins with Bernini scupltures at a single view of Aeneas, Anchises, and Ascanius Fleeing Troy in 1619 next is Pluto and Proserpina 1621 to 1622 which was a bit more adavnced than the previous sculpture then the hallucinatory vision of Apollo and Daphne which had taken him two years to complete 1622 to 1624 it was created to only be...
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...of David by Donatello, Michelangelo, and Bernini, the different artistic styles that were prevalent in each time period is immediately evident. Donatello’s David, carved during the Renaissance period, is a cast bronze sculpture. It shows Greek influences in the contrapposto style pose of the statue, yet it is also more stylized than either the Michelangelo or the Bernini David. The artist also sculpted David as a much younger person. Donatello’s David seems more fragile than the other two sculptures, almost an anti-hero. Michelangelo’s David is sculpted from marble. The statue is carved in a heroic manner, with every detail of the figure’s musculature and form carved to show perfection of the male athletic form. The figure is carved in the nude to impart a timeless quality, since clothing “dates” artwork. This sculpture idealizes the human form, using perfectly carved physique and great attention to detail, giving the piece a larger than life appearance. This sculpture appears to be in a pensive mood, as if contemplating the coming action of attacking the giant. Bernini’s David, on the other hand, is carved in a splendid life like style, showing the muscle tension, the intent of the attack on Goliath, the human effort of movement needed to attack the giant. The figure is muscular, but does not appear to be superhuman in the manner of Michelangelo’s David, nor is it carved in the youthful, almost anti-heroic style of Donatello’s David. Bernini’s David shows...
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...ART 101 ART HISTORY Module 1- CASE The ideology and culture of the Renaissance and Baroque Eras are reflected in artwork from the eras. Renaissance art seems to the moment before an event took place and the Baroque art is characterized by great drama, rich deep color, and intense light and dark shadows. Baroque artists chose the most dramatic point, the moment when the action was occurring. For example Michelangelo designed his David composed and still before he fights against Goliath. In Bernini's David in the Baroque era is caught in the motion of hurling the stone at Goliath. “Baroque art was meant to evoke emotion and passion instead of the calm rationality that had been prized during the Renaissance.” During the Renaissance Era, painters began to enhance the realism of their work by using new techniques in perspective. Their artwork represented three dimensions more realistically. Michelangelo's David was noted to be one of the greatest pieces of art to come from the Renaissance era. The 17 foot statue took Michelangelo almost five years to complete and now stands in the Galeria dell'Academia in Firenze, Italy. Michelangelo's five year of labor and hard work is now considered to be the "poster-child" of the Renaissance Art movement that started in the 14th century and lasted for a couple hundred years. The word Renaissance when used to describe the development of Western Civilization is defined as “rebirth or revival”. The era of Renaissance is considered to be...
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...The Renaissance & Baroque Arts The Renaissance, also known as the period of “rebirth”, directly followed the Middle Ages. Some considered the Renaissance period as a bridge from the “Dark Ages” to the modern era or the “light”. This period in history lasted about four centuries—late 13th century to the early 17th century— featuring “a revival of classical art, literature, philosophy, architecture, and learning” and introduced some of “the finest artists and intellectual achievements in the history of the Western humanities” such as Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo Buonarroti (MindEdge, 2013). Renaissance art is traced back to Italy where artists and scholars looked to the ancient Greco-Roman culture for inspiration by reviving the language, values, and traditions that were lost after “the fall of the Roman Empire in the sixth century” (A&E Television Networks, LLC, 2013). Furthermore, Renaissance artists added individuality to their works through portraying “beauty and mystery of the natural world” (A&E Television Networks, LLC, 2013). Most of the art produced during this time showcased religious imagery, completed mostly as Catholic Mass altarpieces. Artists around these times were sponsored by patrons of the arts such as The Catholic Church and affluent families such as the Medici family in Florence. Political permanence, growing wealth, and technological advancements are some of the social conditions that may have contributed to the arts of the Renaissance...
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...1. Lorenzo Bernini (1598-1680), a. Rome Apollo and Daphne, 1622-25 i. made for Cardinal Scipio Borghese, (Marble) ii. Palazzo Borghese in Rome. 1. She’s exhausted (looking back) 2. Shows fright in her face 3. In Mid action (run) 4. Detail is shown by the strands of the hair. 5. Smoothness of the flesh (soft polished marble) 6. Her head you can see the individual leaves 7. Pay attention to open & closed space. (where marble is cut out and where it touches) b. Ovid’s Metamorphoses written c. 8 CE c. David iii. (1623-24) 8. In contrast with michaelangelo’s, a. Bernini looks older b. Bernini looks more focused. c. d. Portrait Bust of Cardinal Scipio Borghese iv. 1625, Borghese Rome v. Statue of a man, facial hair mustache and goatee. e. Ecstasy of St. Theresa of Avila vi. (1515-82, canonized 1622) Cornaro Chapel, S Maria dell vittoria, Rome 2. Rembrandt f. Self Portrait vii. 1628-29 9. Can’t see his face due to lighting 10. Can’t read his expression g. Self Portrait with Saskia (Story of the Prodigal Son) viii. 1636 ix. She seems amused, not jovial x. Man looks happy h. Bathsheba xi. 1654 11. Nude Body ...
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... Catholic religious images aimed to ignite the fervor of the people for the Church and its beliefs. Some artists during this period, however, retain a more classical style. Works to identify and know in depth: Artist Title Date Bernini David 1600s (19-7) [pic] Bernini Ecstasy of Saint Theresa 1600s (19-1, 19-8) [pic] Bernini Saint Peter's, Vatican City, Rome 1600s (19-4, 19-5) Caravaggio Conversion of Saint Paul 1600s (19-17) [pic] Artemisia Gentileschi Judith Slaying Holofernes 1600s (19-20) [pic] Velázquez Surrender of Breda 1600s (19-29) [pic] Velázquez Las Meninas (The Maids of Honor) 1600s (19-30) [pic] Questions to prepare for Exam 2 (as well as the 5 numbered questions on study sheet for Ch 14): Which city was the major center for artistic development in the 1600s? Why? Why was the Council of Trent convened? What impact did it have on Catholic art? How does the Ecstasy of Saint Theresa exemplify Baroque art in its iconography and style? Discuss the innovations Caravaggio introduced into painting to make it look more dramatic. Why was drama desired at this time? Name an artist who was much influenced by Caravaggio. Compare Michelangelo's David to Bernini's....
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...The Human Figure in Art Student Name University The human figure in art, sculpture and other art forms involves the study and appreciation of the beauty of the human body (Human figure (aesthetics) , 2013). It can involve the body shape, including different postures, such as sitting, standing, sleeping, or even while in motion, walking or running. I think that the human figure is one of the most interesting and beautiful to look at, and it absolutely amazing to look at how much the human figure in art has changed over time. Different cultures believed that the human body was beautiful in different ways. Some show humans in the art as perfect and almost God like, while others show them in a more realistic form. Another amazing part about the human figure is not only are we observing the way a body looks, but also we are feeling the emotions that these characters are portraying. This is what makes human figure so fascinating. In the following essay I will be selecting fifteen examples of the human body in art. One of the oldest sculptures discovered to date, was carved using simple stone tools. It is a tiny limestone figurine of a woman named the Venus of Willendorf. This sculpture was named after its find spot in Willendorf Austria. It is said that the Venus of Willendorf was made anywhere between 28,000 and 25,000 BCE, and the artist is unknown. The sculpture is tiny, and features anatomical exaggeration. It typifies Paleolithic representations of women, whose...
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