...SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS LACK BUSINESS SKILLS TRAINING, EDUCATION AND SOCIAL INNOVATION By: Marisa Cloete Mini Research Proposal History and Theory of Graphic Design 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………………………………….....3 LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………………………………………………..4 APPENDIX…………………………………………………………………………………………….4 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ………………………………………………………………………..…..5 CHAPTER 1: RESEARCH PROBLEM …………………………………………………………...6 1.1 INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………………………………...6 1.2 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM ……………..……………………………………6 1.3 BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM …………….…………..………………,.7 1.4.1 MAIN RESEARCH QUESTION .....................................................................................7 1.4.2 SUB-QUESTION ….....……………………………………………………..………………....7 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW …………………………………………..………………..8 2.1 INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………….….……………….8 2.2 SOCIAL INNOVATION, SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS AND THEIR BASIC NEEDS…….8 2.3 SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS NEED SKILLS AND TRAINING. ……….……..…………….9 2.4 CASE STUDIES: SUCCESFULL SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS …..……………………..11 2.4.1 LOCAL CASE STUDIES IN RELATION TO DESIGN RESEARCH ……….…….....11 2.4.2 INTERNATIONAL CASE STUDIES IN RELATION TO DESIGN RESEARCH…....12 2.5. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ……………………..……..……...………..13 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY …….…………….…………….14 3.1 INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………..…………….……………….14 3.2 QUALITATIVE...
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...Design Thinking for Social Innovation By Tim Brown & Jocelyn Wyatt Stanford Social Innovation Review Winter 2010 Copyright 2010 by Leland Stanford Jr. University All Rights Reserved Stanford Social Innovation Review 518 Memorial Way, Stanford, CA 94305-5015 Ph: 650-725-5399. Fax: 650-723-0516 Email: info@ssireview.com, www.ssireview.com In an area outside Hyderabad, India, between the suburbs and the countryside, a young woman—we’ll call her Shanti—fetches water daily from the always-open local borehole that is about 300 feet from her home. She uses a 3-gallon plastic container that she can easily carry on her head. Shanti and her husband rely on the free water for their drinking and washing, and though they’ve heard that it’s not as safe as water from the Naandi Foundation-run community treatment plant, they still use it. Shanti’s family has been drinking the local water for generations, and although it periodically makes her and her family sick, she has no plans to stop using it. Shanti has many reasons not to use the water from the Naandi treatment center, but they’re not the reasons one might think. The center is within easy walking distance of her home—roughly a third of a mile. It is also well known and affordable (roughly 10 rupees, or 20 cents, for 5 gallons). Being able to pay the small fee has even become a status symbol for some villagers. Habit isn’t a factor, either. Shanti is forgoing the safer water because of a series of flaws...
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...INTRODUCTION www.openideo.com is a web-based innovation platform developed by the foremost design firm IDEO.The site is an open innovation platform where people come together to collaborate and design together. Launched in 2010 (IDEO, 2011), the site have received much recommendations from the media, the learning and design community, Due to its effective design, global adoption and ultimate purpose that it has actually helped solve some of the world’s greatest social challenges. The site has become a reference point for effective collaborative-participation and crowd souring for social-good. LETS’S OPEN IT.. Courtesy: ideo.com, 2011 OVERVIEW Openideo.com was designed as a site where people will collaborate, share ideas and draw inspiration from the crowd in the process of solving a challenge. The challenge question often sponsored by a non-profit, represents the purely social nature of the site. The IDEO designers in London observed that there is a tremendous human-resource online (AIGA,2011). The online community spends hour’s facebooking, tweeting and linking-in and they decided to turn that opportunity into a platform for social-good. The site was created with the view of including a wide range of people in the design process. The high-points of the site is mostly the level on which it engages the online community...
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...Professor – Interdisciplinary Design Programme and Industrial Management Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India Email: jayanta@iitk.ac.in jayanta.chatterjee@gmail.com Phone: 91-512-2597858, 91-512-2597376 (O) Mobile: +91-9648117755 Jayanta Chatterjee “To learn, research, teach and consult in my competence areas, to evolve as a person and share my ken to make a difference through creative Innovation” Core Competence • • Research Interest • • Innovation in socio-technical systems Cause Related Marketing. Media & Communication. Global Sales & Marketing Product and Brand Management. New Business Development. • • Dr. Jayanta Chatterjee has 42 years of teaching/research and professional experience in management at different industries and in different countries. Strategic Design of ProductService Systems • • Digital ecosystem & autopoeisis Jayanta started his career in 1972 at Siemens in Sales and Project Engineering and developed expertise in new product management. He then pioneered the introduction of advanced electronic control systems to Indian Industries at Allen-Bradley Ltd, where he rose to the position of CEO in 1990. But true to his passion he was also teaching as a visiting faculty at IIT Kanpur and at IIT Delhi during this period. Later, he co-funded Strategy Innovation Inc and became the Chief Knowledge Officer of vtPlex. In 2001 he divested out of that enterprise and joined the academia full time at Industrial & Management Engineering...
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...sustainability? Social Environment Economic 2) What did Michael Porter come up with? A)Reinnovation B) The Five Forces concept C) sustainability 1) Which country was used as a subject to test the potential benefits from entrepreneurship and innovation in developing countries? (a) Haiti (b) Uganda (c) Ghana (d) Latvia 2) According to the article pertaining to innovation in developing nations, there is a positive relationship between ___________ and __________. (a) education, rate of income (b) cultural barriers, economic development (c) firm size, innovation 3) T/F As a benefit of service innovation, it is believed that users have valid, innovative, useful, and creative ideas. True A unique approach to innovations produces _______ innovation verse a typical strategy that produces ________ innovation. a) radical/incremental b) greater/less c)less/greater d) incremental/radical What is not one of Porters 5 forces for competitive strategy? a) Rivalry b) Substitutes c) Consumer power d) Barriers and entry 1. The adoption of a radical process innovation is significantly promoted THE MOST by: A. Large company size B. The presence of a champion C. Technology policies D. Sustainability Answer: B 2. Which of the following factors DOES NOT impact how well a company innovates? A. Company size B. Level of education C. Race D. Amount of resources Answer: C What factor could influence innovation? A. Size of firm ...
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...Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Affiliate of Sloan Foundation Industry Studies Centers Major Interests: • Innovation Management • Product Design, Marketing and Brand Management • Innovative Teaching Approaches (Multimedia Enhanced on campus and Distance Learning) AWARDS 1995 Boeing Outstanding Educator Award Hesburg Award Team (for Educational Innovation) In 1995, I was a co-recipient of the Boeing Outstanding Educator Award and a member of the team receiving the Hesburg Award for Educational Innovation TEACHING Teaching Role. My recent teaching has been in Rensselaer’s resident MBA program (both full and parttime), Professional and Distance Education Program and undergraduate programs. My research and teaching have made important contributions to efforts to build the marketing and management and technology curricula in the School of Management at Rensselaer and at other universities who have adopted our teaching materials. As a pioneer in interactive leaning material on product development and manufacturing, I have developed several interactive multimedia cases and collaborated on the development of simulations designed to teach marketing principles and bridge management and engineering disciplines. The simulations teach marketing, design and manufacturing concepts by exposing students to tradeoffs inherent in new product development. They help provide an understanding of design, manufacturing, and marketing decisions, as well as cash and investment flows, inventory management...
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...Electron Commerce Res (2006) 6: 57–73 DOI: 10.1007/s10660-006-5988-7 Community based innovation: How to integrate members of virtual communities into new product development Johann Fuller · Michael Bartl · Holger Ernst · ¨ Hans Muhlbacher ¨ C Springer Science + Business Media, LLC 2006 Abstract Online consumer groups represent a large pool of product know-how. Hence, they seem to be a promising source of innovation. At present, except for open source software, little is known about how to utilize this know-how for new product development. In this article we explore if and how members of virtual communities can be integrated into new product development. We explain how to identify and access online communities and how to interact with its members in order to get valuable input for new product development. This approach we term “Community Based Innovation.” The Audi case illustrates the applicability of the method and underscores the innovative capability of consumers encountered in virtual communities. Keywords Online communities . User innovations . New product development . Virtual customer integration Customers’ wants and their acquired knowledge through the actual use of products make them an essential external resource for new product development (NPD) [12, 13, 37, 47, 65, 57, 71]. Some customers are not only knowledgeable but also able to develop their own new products [22, 50, 58, 67, 69]. Such innovative customers can be found in online communities J. F¨ ller...
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...Emergence of the Profession Jason Drysdale, Jackie Flynt, and Shauna Hannon-Johnson 24 July 2011 The e-learning profession has grown leaps and bounds over the past two decades. Despite being slow to take hold, e-learning is now rapidly increasing in universities: “Today, almost all institutions of higher education offer some form of distance teaching and learning in the U.S.” (Saba, 2008). The historical timelines of instructional design and technology (ID&T) and distance education inform practices in place today. In this paper we track the development of these two traditions, each of which has contributed to current e-learning practice. Instructional Design and Technology: Parent Field Instructional design and technology (ID&T) is the term Robert Reiser (2001) uses for the field also known as instructional design, instructional technology, and educational technology. The core of ID&T revolves around two related practices: use of media for instruction and use of systematic design processes—known as instructional design or instructional systems design (ISD) (Reiser, 2001). We briefly trace below the development of these two strands of the field. Instructional media has been used since the early 1900s in school museums with movable exhibits. These museums appeared first in St. Louis in 1905, primarily using visual media such as photos and slides. This was known as the visual education movement. Movies were used, as per Thomas Edison’s expectation, beginning in 1910 (Reiser, 2001)...
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...Introduction………………………………………………………………………………4 a. Purpose……………………………………………………………………………….,4 b. Background…………………………………………………………………………...4 c. Scope………………………………………………………………………………….4 d. Limitation …………………………………………………………………………….4 e. Methodology………………………………………………………………………….5 f. Plan……………………………………………………………………………………5 2. Repair negative social image……………………………………………………………...5 a. Public criticism in the 1990s………………………………………………………….5 b. Responding to the criticism and repair Nike’s image………………………………...5 3. Organizational culture related to sustainability…………………………………………..6 a. Impact of organizational culture to sustainability…………………………………….6 b. Building organizational culture………………………………………………………6 4. Product innovation……………………………………………………………………….7 5. Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………..8 6. Recommendation…………………………………………………………………………8 References list……………………………………………………………………………10 Executive summary Management sustainability is the responsibility of organizations to ensure their operations give economic, social and environmental value while maintaining the resources required for future generation. Sustainability is a part of business strategy today and it can bring competitive advantages for companies if it is well considered. Nike is the world leading company in shoes and sport equipment industry. It was established in 1964 and located near Oregon, United States. This...
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...Innovation, Design and Creativity Paper Laura Cuda University of Phoenix OI/361 Rebecca Montano May 13, 2013 Innovation, Design and Creativity Paper Innovation The definition of innovation states “The process of translating an idea or invention into a good or service that creates value or for which customers will pay” (Business Dictionary, 2013). For an organization to have an innovative proposal; the suggestion should replicate an inexpensive cost while satisfying a customer need. The fundamental foundation of innovation involves the calculated application of information, imagination and initiative (Von Stamm, 2008). This groundwork adds value on all processes in which new concept are generated and converted into useful products / services. Innovation that is applied in business will result in ideas that are useful by organizations to promote positive performance and consistent clientele. Innovation is categorized by two broad categories (Von Stamm, 2008): 1. Evolutionary Innovations: Organizational Improvements that bring numerous incremental advances in technology or processes. 2. Revolutionary Innovations: Organizational Improvements that is categorized as disruptive and new. Innovation is associated with taking risk while creating revolutionary products / technologies. There are two levels of innovation: continuous and discontinuous (Von Stamm, 2008). In an example of continuous; Jack Daniels could increase the product life cycle of whisky by adding honey. This honey...
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...model of relations between job design (eg: completeness, demand of responsibility, demand of cooperation, cognitive demand, and learning opportunities) and the reflexivity and learning process within natural group works in industry. The methodology used in this research are based on the detailed task analyses and questionnaires from 40 work groups at the shop-floor level in manufacturing industry in Sweden. From this research, it is found that in a group work, reflexivity and learning processes is strongly affected by job design and work routines. The four dimensions on job design which are completeness, demand of cooperation, cognitive demand and learning opportunities has positively related with reflexivity and learning process. Job design also correlates with social routines and social routines with work routines. 1.0 INTRODUCTION Sweden is a country where the group forms of working in industry is well established and has a strong tendency to emerge in order to reorganize into conventional line-production. The researchers before concluded that work in partly autonomous groups in industry leads to an increase in productivity but this does not convince managers that the investment in group-work is worthwhile. Learning in groups, and related effects such as innovation and work development requires group processes characterized by reflexivity and learning. 2.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURES 2.1 Effects of Group Work in Industry Job design, interdependence, group composition...
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...Adapting to the External Environment: Recommendation to BlackBerry Ltd. 1. Introduction Blackberry had been popular around the world, especially in North America in 2000’s, and it represented a kind of fashion among young generation. It was one of the daily routines to see people using blackberry phones anytime and anywhere; for example, young people texted to each other by using unique keyboards, and business people used it for the internet, texts, address books, schedule management, and so on. Blackberry’s phones were stylish and revolutionary with high technologies and lots of tools in that period. However, there are few opportunities to see those who are using it recently. People shifted to iPhones or smartphones of other companies, such as, Samsung, LG, and Nokia. Then, why is not blackberry popular anymore? Are there any exact reasons or factors for that it failed in the market? These questions are important and necessary for the company to make the company stable and set it back to the market again. The reason why the sales of Blackberry declined greatly must not be only because of the change of the trends. It is essential to analyze the factors of sales decrease to survive in the competitive market. One of the important factors is adaption to the external environment which is necessary for all of the industries. Apple is one of the best examples that could adapt to the market pretty well. Steve Jobs placed emphasis on small devices, such as iPods instead...
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...and also how both of them are related. First we will look into the definition of engineering. • What is engineering ? According to the oxford dictionary, engineering is defined as follows; Engineering (noun): (1) The branch of science and technology concerned with the design, building, and use of engines, machines, and structures (2) The action of working artfully to bring something about. (Source: https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/engineering)...
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...Nike’s Gameplan for Growth that’s Good for All | Management Innovation eXchange Page 1 of 29 M-Prize winner This story is one of ten winning entries in the Long-Term Capitalism Challenge, the third and final leg of the Harvard Business Review / McKinsey M Prize for Management Innovation. Story: Nike’s Gameplan for Growth that’s Good for All by Lorrie Vogel - General Manager of Considered Design at Nike Inc. Co-Authored by Agata Ramallo Garcia October 17, 2012 at 1:29pm 18 36 0 Comments 2 Ratings: Overall 4 Innovative 4 Detail Summary Innovation is a cornerstone of the Nike brand. Our company was founded by two visionaries, Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight, who set out to reinvent athletic footwear. Over the past decade, our drive to design and produce better, faster, lighter products has evolved into an even more ambitious agenda – to embed long term sustainability into our business. This broader vision calls for new approaches to design, management, partnership and new tools and metrics to support integration and adoption throughout Nike. Many of Nike’s http://www.managementexchange.com/story/nike%E2%80%99s-gameplan-growth-that%E2%80%99s-good-all 21/02/2013 Nike’s Gameplan for Growth that’s Good for All | Management Innovation eXchange Page 2 of 29 management innovations for sustainable growth started internally, with the Corporate Responsibility and Considered Design Teams. As internal efforts took hold, the focus expanded...
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...Task 13: Sustainability and the potential impact of related issues on the company’s innovation, production and / or logistics functions You should analyse the sustainability based opportunities that might develop for a newly internationalised company, like Elecdyne over the next 10 years and evaluate the potential impact of these on the company’s innovation, production and / or logistics functions. 1) Sustainability based opportunities for Elecdyne over the 10 years 2) Potential impact on innovation, production and/or logistics functions 3) Identify the economic, social and/or environmental aspects of sustainability Task 15: Using the relevant framework (e.g. identify the economic, social and / or environmental aspects of the issues chosen), what objectives / strategies an internationalised company might therefore set, and how it would measure success in meeting these objectives / of these strategies. You should critically discuss the problems that international companies may face, when they have multiple objectives (considering economic, social and / or environmental aspects) and the use of the balanced scorecard approach for making strategic decisions. 1) What objectives/strategies can be set 2) How it would measure success in meeting these objectives/strategies Introduction Introduction of the company+ introducing sustainability and why is important, why we chose it. (10 lines) The Japanese company Elecdyne produces a range of electronic...
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