...pediatric ward play areas include toys and activities that develop thinking, decision making, and an understanding of the world. The Encyclopedia of Children’s Health (2016) defines cognitive development as “the construction of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood” (p.1). Incorporating comfortable library areas with various levels of material available, such as books, movies, puzzles, computer activities, and the like, for a wide variety of developmental needs is key to influence cognitive growth for pediatric wards’ diverse patient population. Here, we highlight puzzle toy types. Solving puzzles is multifaceted when it comes to childhood...
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...Public Health and Health Care HCS/535 Public Health And Health Care Public health agencies can affect one’s workplace in many ways. An organization that does research on developmental health issues has to deal with the Department of Developmental Services or DDS on a regular basis. The Department of Developmental Services is a division of the Health and Human Services and helps create opportunities for people with intellectual disabilities. The DDS plays a major role in public health of the community of developmental disabilities. The role of public agencies in health as a whole helps provide care for the disabled, advocate for social rights and better health for the communities. They also help create a network of workers that are responsible for ensuring that individuals with developmental disabilities have their chance in society and are treated fair and with dignity. The Department of Developmental Services * The Department of Developmental Services is dedicated to creating innovation as well as genuine opportunities for individuals with intellectual disabilities to participate fully and meaningfully in, and contribute to their communities as valued members (HHS, n.d.). The DDS have many principles to help guide them in accomplishing their goal. Some of those principles include respecting each individual by promoting the human and civil rights, and try to prevent neglect and abuse. Also the DDS helps enhance public awareness about people with intellectual disabilities...
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...all its aspects starts with infancy and progresses for the duration of one’s life span. Toddlers and young children are thought to be influenced by their everyday surroundings. An adolescent’s cognitive and social aspects of development are formed and shaped from an early age, along with their perception, language, motor skills, and speech. A young adolescent’s lifecycle is heavy influenced by the involvement of their parents and family members, this is crucial to a young child’s life. Once an adolescent becomes of age to attend school, they will also start to adjust to the atmosphere of the school they are attending as well as the instructive setting in the school; this will also play a role in an adolescent’s cognitive development and social skills. The body’s growth in the first couple years of early childhood stage with attenuate into a slower growth pattern. A child adds approximately 2 to 3 inches in stature and around 5 pounds in weight each year, girls will be slightly smaller than boys. From Infancy to Early childhood, one with experience skeletal growth, between the ages of 2 and 6 will grow approximately 45 new pineal, where cartilage will strengthen forming various parts of the skeletons. Children start losing their primary tooth as their preschool years end, the age varies based on their genetic factors. It is more likely for a girl to lose their primary teeth first seeing as they are ahead in physical development. A child’s cultural ancestry can also play a part...
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...The Role of Heredity and Environment in Learning Theory The role of heredity and environment in the learning theory is one with varying views. Each view relies strongly on the developmental process of children. Urie Bronfenbrenner posits that a child’s environment plays the biggest role in the child’s development and learning experience (Ormrod, 2014). While Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky believe that a child’s cognitive development is most important to the learning experience (Ormrod, 2014). The purpose of this essay is to explore each of these theories and how they apply to my personal knowledge and understanding of the learning experience. I will begin with an overview of each theory and then move to how aspects of each apply to personal experiences and beliefs. Ultimately coming to the conclusion that no single theory fully represents my understanding of learning. While each theory as many strengths, one cannot have a fully developed understanding of the learning process without aspects of all three theories. According to Ormrod (2014), Bronfenbrenner’s theory of development relies strongly on the “multiple layers of environmental influence” (p. 21). At the most basic level is the child’s family, next is the child’s neighborhood and community, and finally the child’s state and country (Ormrod, 2014). Bronfenbrenner believed that the child’s culture played a significate role in effecting the child’s development in every layer. Furthermore, these layers interact with...
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...Developmental Psychology Referencing style: APA Word Count: Student Name: Course Code: Date: 1. Find three Canadian Developmental Psychologists (CDP) who study aggression in children. For each researcher, indicate their university affiiation, describe their research in 1-2 sentences and provide the reference for one of their published articles. (6 marks). a. Victoira Talwar of McGill University has put forth a plethora of scientific evidence in the realm of child development as it pertains to aggresssion. Moreover, Talwar serves as the tier 2 research chair of psychology for the government of Canada. It appears as though much of Talwar’s research focuses on child development as it pertains to lying and aggressive behavious....
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...and friendships.” Their main objectives were to seek answers to three questions. The first question is what are some of the characteristics of a preschooler’s friendships and are they different between children with and children without disabilities or developmental delays? Secondly, what strategies are parents using to support their children’s friendship development, and do they differ between parents of children with and without disabilities or developmental delays? Finally, what characteristics influence their friendships, and so these differ between children with and without developmental delays? An eight page survey was developed by the authors and passed out to about 100 preschoolers to give their mothers. The primary target for this study was for mothers of preschoolers between the ages of 3 and 6, from five classes in two public preschool programs in Illinois. The survey inquired about the child’s information and social networks as well as the mother’s help and strategies in friendships and family information. Participants were originally chosen based on the order the packets came back. The researcher’s goal was to match children without any developmental delays along with those that had a disability or developmental delay. The teachers received 34 completed surveys and were then directed to select a few more children that had normal development and were of a certain ethnicity. In all, twenty of the chosen participants were mothers of typical developing children and...
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...Lifespan Development and Personality Paper: Middle Childhood Ages Soterica Johnson Psy 103 June 15, 2015 Mary Newhams Lifespan Development and Personality Paper: Middle Childhood Ages The main goal of developmental psychology is to pursue the understandings of and report different aspects of human development. These aspects include development of physical, cognitive, social, moral, and personality. Discussing these aspects in different terms can be a tough task. In this paper I chose to write on one age group. To define this age, I will focus on the middle childhood ages 6 to 12. I will address physical, cognitive, social, and moral as well as personality development. Within these factors I am also considering both hereditary and environmental factors. Middle childhood is the period of life between the years of 6 to 12, where children are going to school, beginning to make friends outside of their families, mastering new physical and mental abilities, and also learning to become independent. During these ages physical development is most important. Growth may be slower during these ages, causing wide differences in height and weight in children. Passing through the beginning stages of life children have already began losing teeth. Middle childhood ages is when permanent teeth began to come in and dental visits have become more frequent. Children of this age group have improved motor skills so they began getting involved in more physical activities. Along with the psychical...
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...explain human emotion, cognition, actions, and motivations. The diverse nature of psychology is clearly defined in its 54 divisions of the American Psychological Association (APA) as each unit addresses a different perspective of psychology providing a distinct aspect of human interaction (Plante, 2011). Although the psychology field has its own diverse distinctions, it offers a variety of perspectives that respects and honors the individuality of every person regardless of background. The diverse nature of the field of psychology provides a greater ability of embodying the humanity as a whole because of its broad nature and diversity. Influence of Diversity on Major Concepts in Psychology Diversity poses an enormous influence on the major concepts in psychology. The cognitive-behavioral, humanistic and psychodynamic perspectives respectively represent different perceptions of human behaviors, each providing and exclusive theory on human nature. The variety of these perspectives and their respective variations are reflective of the diverse thinking among humanity. No person will perceive an event in the same way as another person, and the same should be noted for psychologists. No two psychologists will view the varying aspects of psychology in the same manner. The major concepts of psychology define and explain human behavior according to the theories which fall into one specific perspective of psychology. It should be noted that although diverse thinking can limit one’s ability...
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...The Nature of Developmental Processes Abstract The purpose of this work is to explain and describe the developmental processes of individuals. Define important phases in a person’s lifespan such as the biological, cognitive and socioemotional processes. Also, explore the different periods of development from conception through adulthood, as well as the importance and significance of age. Last, it identifies the issues that may occur during the development of these processes as a result of the many different changes and individual faces throughout a lifespan. Keywords: developmental processes, lifespan, biological, cognitive, socioemotional, significance of age and issues The Nature of Developmental Processes The term “developmental processes” explores the different stages and changes an individual experiences from conception to late adulthood. There are two particular concepts that provide a platform to better understand and describe an individual’s development. Additionally, certain issues arise during these processes of life which make it a very complex subject. I. Developmental Processes a. Definition b. Biological, Cognitive and Socioemotional Processes II. Periods of Development a. The periods or age of lifespan i. Social Construction III. Developmental Issues a. Nature vs. Nurture b. Stability and Change c. Continuity...
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...The Case Study PSYC 210: Developmental Psychology Spring D 2015 Antonio Robinson L270221508 APA In the case study presented, a situation was highlighted in which a child’s impulsivity caused a deadly outcome to occur. Observance of behavioral experiments and theories, over the years, has given the understanding that a child’s behavior is influenced by what they see, hear, and are taught from other children and adults. As brain functioning develops, children learn how to process simple thoughts and emotions into more complex reasoning skills. They will also become more experienced, thoughtful, and less impulsive as they mature. Children will experience multiple stages of development and growth until they finally reach adulthood. In the case of the 6 year old mentioned above, the child cannot be held responsible for the crime that was committed because the factors that determine brain development and functioning have not fully matured. Legally, no child under the age of 7 can be held accountable for their actions until all of the biosocial, cognitive, and psychosocial portions of brain and behavioral functioning have fully matured. First of all, the biosocial aspect of development in early childhood relates to brain development and thought processes. A majority of the brain is already present and operational by age 2 (Berger, 2014, p.219), however, the prefrontal cortex of the brain is considered to be the last part to mature. This region of the brain helps with...
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...Learning disabilities and cognitive development Effects of learning disabilities on cognitive development Within our society today people are forced to realize that others learn in a variety of different methods. One aspect that many people do not take into account however is the impact of learning disabilities have on the cognitive development of an individual. According to the National Center for Learning Disabilities, there are around 2.4 million students that have diagnosed learning disabilities that are receiving special education services [ (Team, 2014) ]. This accounts for approximately 4-5% of the total number of students being taught in schools today. With such a significant amount of children in schools today with some form of learning disability, there is definitely an impact on their cognitive development as well. In order to better understand what types of cognitive developmental effects can be had on a person with a learning disability, it is first important to understand what cognitive development is. Jean Piaget developed a theory that cognitive development consisted of four key stages; sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operation. Piaget proposed that a person, or child more specifically, will progress through the first three stages earlier in life, then finally coming to rest in the fourth and final stage for much of the lifespan of that individual. According to Piaget, the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development consists...
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...theory of mind hypothesis of autism Childhood Autism is a rare and severe developmental disorder that affects about 4 in every 10,000 children (Baron-Cohen, Leslie & Frith, 1985). Autism affects how an individual communicates, socialises and even how they make sense of the world around them. Many theories have tried to explain what causes autism in an attempt to achieve greater understanding of the disorder and potentially aid those with autism to live happier and more fulfilling lives. In this essay I will be focusing on the symptoms of autism, the ‘theory of mind’ hypothesis and its strengths and weaknesses. The three main symptoms of autism were outlined by Wing and Gould (1979) and are known as the triad of impairments. These three impairments were identified as communication, socialisation and imagination. Many studies have found a distinct lack of communication skills in autistic children. Prior et al. (1998) found that autistic infants don’t attempt ‘babbling’ and they don’t follow the usual patterns of language development displayed by most infants, such as being able to speak simple one syllable words by the age of one, which over half of autistic children don’t do. Then, even when they begin to form understandable sentences, they often make grammatical errors and fail to use or comprehend emotional tone. This impairment of communication, both verbal and non-verbal, most likely plays a part in a lack of social understanding and stable social relationships later...
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...Developmental Pyschology The scientific study of human development aims to understand and explain how humans change throughout their lifetime. In the beginning this approach aimed towards infants and children to study the mind so that education and learning could be more effective but it now includes aging, adult development, adolescence, and the whole lifespan; basically early life to death. It also includes scientific inquiry which means its recognizes humans of all societies and cultures who are in a constant rate of change and growth. The branches included are all the aspects of human growth, such as emotional, physical, social, intellectual and personality development. Charles Darwin was actually the first to be credited with conducting the first systematic study dealing with developmental psychology. This study of psychology also branches into sociology, education and health care because of its association, not only with the physical aspects, but with cognitive and social forms as well. Developmental psychology also plays an important role in numerous subjects such as anthropology, education, history, sociology and psychology. Those subjects apply to many careers pertaining to the study of human development. The three goals of developmental psychology are to describe, explain, and to optimize development. With developmental psychology comes tons of research. Majority of study begins with hypothesis. The goal of the research is to analyze the interested area and collect...
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...Autism spectrum disorder is defined by the The American Psychiatric Association as a developmental disorder that severely affects the development of a child’s social interaction and communication skills. The child has a limited range of interest and insists on sameness and repetitive, nonfunctional routines and behaviors. Symptoms of autism are usually not noticed at birth, but eventually become obvious, usually during the first three years of life, when some aspect of communication development is delayed (cite). Autism can occur in all individuals regardless of their religion, race, culture, or social class. It is more common in males than in females. In March 2014, the autism prevalence report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention...
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...Different schools of Psychology to the advancement of the field of Psychology Psychology began or has its roots in philosophy, the mother of all sciences. Aristotle in his works speaks rather remotely on different aspects of psychology. Among some of Aristotle’s major and famous works namely metaphysics, De Anime; he speaks of the soul which in profound consideration could come to the conclusion that it sounds synonymous with our modern understanding of ‘mind’. Thus psychology was a part of philosophy from the very beginning through it stands independently now. Further long before Aristotle existed; philosophers like Thales, Pythagoras, Heraclites and Parmenides spoke on the same subject even though it was not that much elaborated. Here we cannot forget the contribution made by Plato. He very clearly explains in his dialogues further on this matter. Psychology originated very simply as a result of the development of the metaphysical approach of the people of different times. In sociology it is an acceptable fact that the prevailing circumstances and state of a particular social milieu make a great impact on a particular matter. This impact varies from place to place time to time depending on the social characteristics. By inferences the aforementioned is the reason why there are different schools in psychology. When we analyses it stands to reason that all psychologists were trying to deal with the same matter. They have seen the same problems or the issues with regard to ‘mind’...
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