...Lifelong learning Shannon Ferrell Grand Canyon University Educating the Exceptional Learner SPE- 226 Sharon Diffenderfer December 21, 2012 Lifelong learning Individual with special needs are required to receive the assistance that they deserve to help them succeed in their education. These students are required to receive certain services that are outlined in the students IEP. Their IEP lists goals that the students are suppose to reach whether they are in an inclusion environment or a specific classroom that can better serve them. Developmental disabilities are a mental or physical disability, such as cerebral palsy, mental retardation, arising before adulthood and usually lasting throughout life. (thefreedictionary.com, 2012) Diagnosing a developmental disability usually is noticeable during the first year of an infant’s life. The parent may start noticing that the child is not doing what their same age peers are doing when it includes physical or cognitive development. (ehow.com, 2012) The concerns that parents have about their child’s developmental delays can be discussed with their child’s pediatrician. Usually the pediatrician will ask questions about the child’s development at regular checkups. (ehow.com, 2012) Developmental disabilities can be tested can be tested in areas of adaptive, motor, communication, personal-social and cognitive ability. These tests can be given either by a pediatrician or a intervention specialist. There are many treatments for children...
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...What We Know and Need to Know about Accessing the General Curriculum for Students with Significant Cognitive Disabilities Name Date Class Title Course Number Journal Professor’s Name School Name There are so many problem that educators face in the school system everyday. One particular issue is to increase the understanding of how to Access the General Education Curriculum for students with significant cognitive disabilities. The U.S. Department of Educations, Office of Special Education Programs Educators decided to research the Access to the General Education Curriculum and all that it entails so that they can reconstruct and re- advise the content of the curriculum so that it could be use in the least restrictive environment( Spooner, et-all 2006). Many educators believe that if students are given adequate information and it is broken down in such away that the student can understand it than they would have a much better change of mastering the standardize test and master the curriculum. When dealing with significant cognitive disability students there are certain guidelines and procedures one must follow. Therefore educators take different steps to prepare the change for a good educational change. One of the steps that was used to Access the General Education Curriculum for students with significant cognitive disabilities was Approaches to Accessing the General Curriculum Peer Supports. The educators were able to create...
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...Special Education For Children With Disabilities Millions of children in our nation are identified as being "children with disabilities". Prior to the 1960s, millions of children with disabilities received inadequate or inappropriate special education services from the public schools and another 1 million children were excluded from school altogether. Disabilities such as autism, poverty, and racism are just a few of the “disabilities” that have blocked the pathways of over a million people thought out the US. My goal for this paper is to thoroughly examine the three main factors that I personally believe have the most traumatic and continuous effect on society that will ultimately repeat itself and create a pattern of issues that society will be forced to resolve in the future. It is my desire and personal goal to acknowledge each issue that many children face, label and prove it to be a awful disability, an find a realistic resolution to each issue addressed as a disability. According to the National Center for Children in Poverty, in the United States, 21 percent of children live in families with incomes below the federal poverty line. Although many of these families have working parents, low wages and unstable employment make it difficult to provide the necessary resources for proper childhood development. Not only does research indicate that poverty is a threat to a child's well-being, but it also affects his ability to learn. Regular attendance at school is important...
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...Behavioural differences Direct instruction & Discovery Learning Teaching Students with Additional Learning Needs Special Children Have special needs and require assistance at some stage in our schooling The notion of ‘fairness’ is not giving our students the same, but rather giving them what they need to learn and succeed. A look at the importance of resilience o Resilience is the ability to rebound, develop and thrive in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, hardship or even significant sources of stress. o How does resilience develop? Who are we talking about when we discuss children with special needs? o Those students with learning needs that are so diverse they need individual consideration and support. o A continuum of support in the classroom. Definition of Disability Social Model o socially created problem o not an attribute of an individual, but rather a complex collection of conditions o management of the problem requires social attention o collective responsibility of society at large o human rights issue of major concern o in the educational setting we ask what can we do in the classroom to give these students access to the curriculum Medical/Deficit Model o disability is viewed as a problem of the person o directly caused by disease, trauma, or other health condition that may require sustained medical care or professional treatment o management of the disability is aimed at "cure" o Focus placed on the student being...
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...Running head: LEARNING DISABILITIES Learning Disabilities, Communication Disorders, and Giftedness Colby Adams Grand Canyon University Dr. Jewell G. Winn RES 531: Research Methods March 12, 2012 Abstract Learning Disabilities, Communication Disorders, and Giftedness Basic introduction paragraph or two. Learning disabilities Definition. Learning disabilities are a general term that expresses certain variables of learning difficulties. A learning disability causes people to have trouble learning and acquiring knowledge. People in general are often most affected by criteria: reading, writing, listening, speaking, reasoning, and mathematics (National, 2012). When people have learning disabilities having L.D. is an umbrella term for other names, which include: * Dyslexia—which refers to difficulties in reading; * Dysgraphia—which refers to difficulties in writing; and * Dyscalcula—which refers to difficulties in math (National, 2012). The above terms are the formal definitions for people that have a learning disability but in a specific area. Certain individuals that study learning disabilities have found that the brain works differently by which it processes information entirely different from others. Children with various learning disabilities have often been coined as being stupid or lazy. They are in fact neither, they can be extremely high achievers and with the right help children with LD acquire knowledge over time with...
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...Psychopathology Specific Learning Disorders Table of contents Index Pages Introduction 3 Diagnostic criteria 4 Aetiology 11 Differential diagnosis 14 Comorbodity 16 Prevalence 16 Prevention and Treatment 17 Prognosis 18 Multicultural factors 19 Social factors 19 Conclusion 20 References 21 Stupid Slow Stubborn A tiny fragment of words used, labels for children and people with specific learning disorders. If only they understood Introduction The most basic definition of a specific learning disorder/disability according to Gould (2005) cited in Rörich (2008) is when a learner has an average to above average intelligence, with normal vision and hearing, and receives the same teaching experiences as other learners his age. He, however, underachieves. He is unable to keep up with his peers and generally cannot cope with the demands of the school (pp16). Margari (2013) defines SLD’s as that which are characterizations of academic functioning that are below the level that would be expected given their age, Intelligent Quotient and grade level in school, and interfere significantly with academic performances or daily life activities that require reading, writing or calculation skills. The gist of it, is that specific learning disorders are neurodevelopmental/cognitive disorders that Hulme and Snowling (2009,pp22) define as “typically characterized...
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...The Development of Language and Communication from Infancy to Preschool 510: Early Childhood Development Cleveland State University Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine how language and communication develop in early childhood, from in uerto through preschool. And how language is the expression of human communication through which knowledge, belief, and behaviors’ develop, and experiences are explained and shared. Other areas to be examined is the developmental milestones functional skills that are age specific tasks that children achieve during various levels of development, infant brain development, and attachment. Although each milestone is age appropriate, children development varies from child to child taking in to consideration every child is unique. Introduction In a study conducted (2009) on babies language learning starts from the womb. From the first day a newborn cries they already bear the mark of the language their parents speak. In another dramatic finding of this study is that not only are human neonates capable of producing different cry melodies, but they prefer to those melody patterns that are typical for the ambient language they have heard during fetal life, within the last trimester of gestation. Even through prenatal exposure to their native language was known for some time to influence newborns, scientist now believe that it happens much earlier than the preconceived notion that surrounding language affected sound production...
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...From ages 6-11 you are considered early middle childhood. Around these ages you start changing your physical development by growing about 2 to 3 inches in height and 5 pounds in weight each year. A female body will mature quicker than the male body. Girls are slightly lighter and shorter than boys at ages 6-8, and then at age 9 it gets reversed. Around the middle childhood age the lower portion of the body is growing fastest, children appear to look long-legged. Girls end up having slightly more body fat and boys have more muscle. Between ages 6-8 the child should be able to do independent things like dress themselves, and tie their shoes. Children also start to develop more independence from their parents. It becomes important for a child to have friends and a social life. They pay more attention to friendships and teamwork. They feel that it is important to be liked and accepted by friends. There is also late middle childhood, which is from ages 9-12. Children at this age become more into have friendships and independence, but there is also a lot of peer pressure at this age. If children are confident with themselves they will be less likely to be bullied. But by now the child will start eating more and can start to become obese. Parents need to make sure that what their child is eating is healthy. The more obese the child gets the less active they get, and they will be picked on for being overweight. They will start to hit puberty by now, especially for girls. They will start...
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...live with some form of disability. This amount is about 15% of the world population. This is quite a large amount of people who may lead difficult lives because of their disabilities. Personally, I feel that it would not be fair if we don’t try our best to help these people live the lives they could live. I chose this topic because I have always been close to children and also this is something I will encounter in the future since I would like to be a paediatrician. I will be focusing on developmental delays since I feel they are the most common in children. Developmental delays are very common issues seen prominently in young children, around the ages of three to five, around the world. According to the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, about 15% of children of the ages three to seventeen years, have one or more developmental disability. These include: ADHD, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Cerebral Palsy, Hearing Loss, Intellectual Disability, Learning Disability, Vision Impairment, and delays of motor skills, speech and language skills, and several more. According to the University of Michigan Health System, a developmental delay is when a child does not reach their developmental milestones at the expected. Additionally, the University says that it is an ongoing major or minor delay in the process of development. Based on this knowledge,...
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...Lifelong Learning Lifelong Learning In this essay I will explain about the Diagnosis of development disabilities, early intervention priorities, educational programs services for the young exceptional learner, and transitional programs and procedures for young students with disabilities. I will also give the strength and weaknesses in the assessments and interventions used in early intervention used in early childhood special education and suggestions for improvements. Lastly I will tell of the transitional programs for young students with special needs and outcomes expected from these programs. First I will explain about the diagnosis of development disabilities. Diagnosis of development disabilities can sometime be completed at a very early age, in most cases parents determine that their child has a disorder problem where it involves their child health. Sometimes the disability can show up in their physical behavior. There are specialists that can notices things right after the child is born or even after the child is a couple days old. In most cases it be specialists within the Intensive care until within the hospital that first see the signs or even the doctor that the parent pick for the child has train eyes to see what the...
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...Why Does Your Attitude Matter? • People who have disabilities have the challenge to overcome physical, cognitive and emotional obstacles. • The ____________________________ of others is another obstacle to overcome. • As a leisure service provider, having a _________________, accepting and encouraging attitude is crucial if inclusion is going to work. • Additionally, the attitudes of your staff members must also be positive. o The big issue: ________________________________ How are Attitudes Formed? • _____________________ • Beliefs • Attitudes • Intentions • ____________________ Antecedents to Beliefs... • Those conditions that “_____________________” for beliefs to develop • Ex - community, past experiences, families, friends Beliefs... • What people ____________________________________ • Composed of an individual’s perception of information available • Result in the acquisition of knowledge, which may not necessarily be correct Attitude Defined... • Attitude: a _________________________________ to respond in a consistently favorable or unfavorable manner with respect to a given object • A way of responding (positive or negative) to a person, place, or thing. • _____________________, not inherited • Three parts: cognitive (think), affective (feel) and behavioral (act) Intentions... • Those behavioral plans made with respect to the presence of another person • Reflect ____________________ that influence behavior • Indications of how much...
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...step I would take in developing a university-wide policy that addresses learning disability issues in the university is to have a university-wide forum that is open to various members of the university, most importantly to university students with learning disabilities, who are willing to positively contribute and share their narratives, ideas and views that will feed into the goals of what the policies and services need to accomplish in order for them to breed an inclusive university landscape that is free from dogmatic assumptions about the learning disabled students. The policy will first and foremost to define learning disability. Generally, learning disabilities (LD) denotes a collection of disorders that interfere with the acquisition...
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...Russian revolution. After moving to Moscow in 1924, Vygotsky set out to create what he hoped would become a new way to understand and solve the social and educational problems of his time. At the core of Vygotsky's theory, called the Sociocultural Theory, is the idea that child development is the result of the interactions between children and their social environment. These interactions include those with parents and teachers, playmates and classmates, and brothers and sisters. They also involve relationships with significant objects, such as books or toys, and culturally specific practices that children engage in the classroom, at home, and on the playground. Children are active partners in these interactions, constructing knowledge, skills, and attitudes and not just mirroring the world around them. Vygotsky opposed the psychologists who believed that children's development occurs spontaneously and cannot be affected by education. He also differed with those who claimed that teaching had the power to alter development at any time regardless of the child's age or capacities. Instead, Vygotsky felt that learning could lead development if it occurs within the child's Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD). The ZPD contains skills and concepts that are not yet fully developed but are "on the edge of emergence" emerging only if the child is given appropriate support. For the skills and concepts that lie outside a child's ZPD, even significant instructional efforts may fail to produce...
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...Participation in physical activity has been a proven fact that it changes ones way of living with positive results. Since health and wellness are not considered to be the same (Darrow 2) it has been brought to the attention of many people that a healthier and more active lifestyle could improve someone’s quality of life. It is more important for those with a disability to introduce physical activity into their lives so that they may enjoy a longer and more productive living style. Physical activity and wellness are necessary for all people, but even more so for those with disabilities. There are three main critical learning areas and physical activity supports the development of all three learning styles: cognitive, psychomotor, and affective...
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...VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS describes a wide variety of conditions that affect vision abilities. We use the term to denote mild to most severe vision loss, rather than to defects in the eye itself. According to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) of 1997, a visual impairment refers to “an impairment in vision that, even with correction, adversely affects a child’s educational performance. The term includes both partial sight and blindness.” Degrees of Visual Impairment: * Totally blind. This term usually implies little or no visual sensitivity to light at any level. This condition is rare, and people who are totally blind typically have severe physical damage to the eyes themselves or to the visual nerves. * Legally blind. A legally blind person has a visual acuity of 20/200 or less in the better eye, after correction. This means that what an individual with normal (20/20) vision sees at two hundred feet, the legally blind person cannot see until he or she is within twenty feet. In addition, a person can be classified as legally blind if she has a field of vision no greater than twenty degrees at the widest diameter. (A normal field of vision is close to 180 degrees.) Only about 20 percent of legally blind people are totally blind. Legally blind individuals typically use Braille and visual aids. * Low vision. People with low vision can read with the help of large-print reading materials and magnifying objects. They may also use Braille. * Partially...
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