...After reading the article and several chapters, I believe I have a better understanding of the definition of disaster in a sociological perspective. Out of all three readings I particularly favored Peek & Sutton. However, The Human Side of Disaster focused primarily on different accounts of disaster, and personal experiences. Additionally, in my opinion Response to Disaster was written as an informational piece. As defined by Peek & Sutton, there are two types of crises. The two types of crises are consensus-type crisis, which is “natural and technological disasters, … having a fairly definable locale or area of impact. However, conflict-type crisis can be defined as “occasions where one or more parties in the situation are consciously and...
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...Disaster and Response Proposal Scenario As members of a disaster planning committee we have been asked to present a disaster and response proposal to the CNO of the hospital related to interoperable electronic health records. According to the weather channel, our community is at risk for experiencing a major earthquake and our hospital lies within the boundaries of the fault line. This puts the hospital at high risk for experiencing severe damage if the earthquake does occur. First, we will start with using research-based best practices and how the interoperable electronic health records contribute to progress in research and evidence-based practice. Evidence based practice is made up of the needs of the patients, clinical expertise, and the best evidence based research. We will use qualitative research, quantitative research, and systematic review research to find the best practices to use to keep our facility and patients safe in the event of the severe natural disaster. We will only use research based on peer reviewed, scholarly articles and journals and evidence-based research. Interoperability in healthcare is the ability for different information technology systems to be able to communicate with each other, exchange and use data that has been shared. This information exchange should be available to physicians, labs, pharmacy, hospitals and the patients. This would allow the healthcare system to advance in more effective delivery of healthcare and increase patient outcomes...
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...Volume 9, Issue 1 2012 Article 31 Responding in Crises: A Comparative Analysis of Disaster Responses between Mainland China and Taiwan Chun-Chieh MA, National University of Tainan, Harvard University Recommended Citation: MA, Chun-Chieh (2012) "Responding in Crises: A Comparative Analysis of Disaster Responses between Mainland China and Taiwan," Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management: Vol. 9: Iss. 1, Article 31. ©2012 De Gruyter. All rights reserved. Authenticated | bee_and_tom@hotmail.com Download Date | 9/16/12 10:06 AM Responding in Crises: A Comparative Analysis of Disaster Responses between Mainland China and Taiwan Chun-Chieh MA Abstract The management of crisis events involves activity at the organizational and governmental jurisdiction levels and is comprised of an integrated system of practice and structure. However, because there are two systems involved in crisis response, namely centralization and decentralization of disaster management, there are differences in governmental actions in response to crisis events. This article analyzes and compares the actions of disaster responses undertaken by mainland China and Taiwan when faced with major natural disasters in order to demonstrate the different response results and defects of centralized and decentralized crisis response systems, respectively. The results showed that the efficiency of decentralized response systems is higher than that of centralized systems, as respondents in a decentralized...
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...Popul Res Policy Rev (2010) 29:127–141 DOI 10.1007/s11113-009-9133-x The Role of Community in Disaster Response: Conceptual Models Olivia Patterson • Frederick Weil • Kavita Patel Received: 1 May 2007 / Accepted: 15 October 2008 / Published online: 5 November 2009 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009 Abstract We focus on the role that community plays in the continuum of disaster preparedness, response and recovery, and we explore where community fits in conceptual frameworks concerning disaster decision-making. We offer an overview of models developed in the literature as well as insights drawn from research related to Hurricane Katrina. Each model illustrates some aspect of the spectrum of disaster preparedness and recovery, beginning with risk perception and vulnerability assessments, and proceeding to notions of resiliency and capacity building. Concepts like social resilience are related to theories of ‘‘social capital,’’ which stress the importance of social networks, reciprocity, and interpersonal trust. These allow individuals and groups to accomplish greater things than they could by their isolated efforts. We trace two contrasting notions of community to Tocqueville. On the one hand, community is simply an aggregation of individual persons, that is, a population. As individuals, they have only limited capacity to act effectively or make decisions for themselves, and they are strongly subject to administrative decisions that authorities impose on them....
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...NATURAL DISASTERS AND THE DECISIONS THAT FOLLOW Problem Definition Response of different industries ( Insurance Industries, Airline Industries…etc) to natural disaster. A natural disaster is a major adverse event resulting from natural processes of the Earth; examples include floods, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, and other geologic processes. A natural disaster can cause loss of life or property damage, and typically leaves some economic damage in its wake, the severity of which depends on the affected population's resilience, or ability to recover How natural disasters affect business? To which extend do people like Rommel, Neeleman consider customer welfare during making their decisions? Does natural disasters a reason for companies to neglect their organizational Constraints, (customer service and satisfaction)? Justification of the problem There are several factors that affect decisions that follow natural disasters. • % of accuracy in predicating natural disasters. This determines how seriously companies should take the predication into consideration • Timing of the information . It affects the ability to have enough time to respond and make all necessary decisions •Planning and rules to be set, regularly reviewed to include any new case and tested by companies. This plan should consider welfare of both owners and customers. • Ability to adjust adequately for subsequent information and not being selectively interpreting what one sees on the...
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...Talavera The Issues with Measuring Reliability and Preparedness Many governmental and nongovernmental agencies have plans in place to handle terrorist attacks and natural disasters. However, many planners have only written these plans to meet a requirement. Many planners have not vetted their plans. As a result, their plans may not produce the desired outcomes when they are executed. Some effective methods planners can use to examine their plans are through assessing inputs and outcomes, evaluating the reliability of the system and response reliabilities. These methods can provide another way of assessing plans in order to make necessary changes to provide a more effective and efficient plan. Inputs versus Outcomes Every plan involves inputs and outcomes. Inputs are the resources and personnel used in a plan. An example of a plan can be how a city would respond to a wildfire. A small sample of resources can be local and state firefighters, firefighting airplanes and helicopters, and vehicles and shelters for evacuation efforts. Federal wildfire experts, local and state law enforcement leaders, and city and state emergency management teams are just some examples of experts needed to be brought in to help execute the plan. Plans exist at every level, from city to federal on how to handle natural disasters and terrorist acts. These plans usually include a checklist of inputs to ensure effectiveness and efficiency. The capabilities and limitations of the resources are just...
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...2400 people went missing. Psychological Impacts of Earthquakes Asian Disaster management Centre in Japan stated that there had been several earthquakes like the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in January 1995, Mid Niigata Earthquake in October 2004 and the northeastern Japan earthquakes on 11th March, 2011. Policy on earthquake disasters in japan ensures prompt and elaborate dealing with earthquake disasters through early warnings and evacuations. Though the institution claimed success in the effectiveness of the policy, victims thought otherwise stating that the policy was ineffective since many lives were being lost. Another aspect criticized was the emergency response rebuked for being ill prepared in disaster management. The earthquake raised degrees of stress, depression and other mental illnesses, especially among those who lost their loved ones (Alexander,2005). A visit to therapy institutions dealing with disaster victims A visit to one specific therapy center that deals with kidney problems caused by the earthquake was significant at the moment. The Nephrology therapy center painted a disturbing picture of the high number of victims seeking help with less qualified personnel. Nevertheless, restoration of normalcy was up to date with dialysis being exercised on the victims with the most improvement with each session taking about six months. Life Experience after Earthquake Disaster Disasters affect lives and property and...
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...In some areas, disasters occur frequently, and worse, many kinds of hazards hit these zones. Arizona is rated the tenth state most at a risk to disasters in the US according to Huddleston (2014, June). The Yuma County and the City of Yuma are hit time to time by disasters. This area is cited as one the highest probability disaster areas in the state (FEMA, 2012). This disaster champion experiences all types of hazards as stated in FEMA (2012). Hazards categorization, the magnitude of disasters’ damage and the consequences, a case study of a Presidential Disaster Declaration and the lessons learned from all the processes, the generalization of some lessons learned from this community to other communities with similar demographics and hazards...
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...OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND GENDER DEVELOPMENT STUDIES NAME SIMBARASHE BLESSING MUTERO COURSE DISASTER MANAGEMENT PROGRAM MDS 3 STUDENT NUMBER W110355 QUESTION: Outline one approach to disaster management. Critically discuss its applicability to an emergency situation. On every part of the globe at one time and another, disasters have occurred, be they natural or human induced. This essay would define disaster and within its numerous approaches, the paper would zero in, on the approach of the community based disaster management (CBDM). It would proceed to examine the applicability of this approach to emergency situations in 5 dimensions which are the environment, social, economic, physical and political. It would be interesting to note the extent of the applicability of this approach as it may vary from place to place due to the dynamics involved in emergency situations. An emergency is a situation that poses an immediate risk to health, life, property or environment. According to Twigg ( 2007 ), disaster is defined as the occurrence of an extreme hazard event that impacts on vulnerable communities, causing substantial damage, disruption and possible causalities, and leaving the affected communities unable to function normally without outside assistance. CBDM thus came into play as another panacea in disaster reduction. Community based disaster management is a bottom-up approach, that was cemented in 2005 Hyogo Declaration. This is a commitment by...
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...Which economic system is best suited for handling a crisis of epic proportions (hurricane, flood, blizzard, forest fire, etc.)? Why? Natural disasters cannot be predicted. Americans, as well as people in communities worldwide, are not prepared for these types of situations. The economic system is best able to cope and recover in the event of these types of natural disasters. The free market system is the most able because it involves a sector owning most resources. This leaves the government’s main function as facilitating and aiding economic activity. The government is focused on rebuilding investment in the private sectors. For example, the government would introduce ways of lending money, such as grants and low interest loans, which would help low sector get on with their main concerns. Their main motivation would be profit, which would be greatly aid regeneration. In 2011, a tornado tore through Joplin, MO. Economics Professor Dan Smith researched the effects of economic freedom on disaster relief surrounding the aftermath. He wrote in the News Tribune: “In contrast to other recoveries in which federal and state governments orchestrate recovery, policymakers allowed the free market, voluntary sector to guide recovery in Joplin, demonstrating how effectively economic freedom can help communities rebuild after a natural disaster.” (Smith, 2012). As one of our discussion topics this week was based on Wal-mart influencing America. In this instance, yes it has. The...
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...Human Behaviour When Disaster Strikes: Human behaviour in emergency situations By S. J. Robinson and T. D. Higgins; School of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire, England. PR1 2HE. When disaster strikes and emergency warning sounds or the captain orders an abandon ship we hope people will remain “cool, calm and collected.” Being level-headed during a life-threatening event is highly prized and undoubtedly improves your chances of survival. However, anecdotal reports and the limited psychological research available suggest that people under threat can actually act in a way that puts themselves and others in further danger. This article discusses some of the unhelpful behaviours which can happen during emergencies and notes some interventions which might stop them. Behaviours during a disaster People can behave in an appropriate manner during an emergency. In good conditions, with no pressures on resources or time, calm and orderly responses are likely. Even in more chaotic situations quick thinking and effective actions can lead to positive actions. For example, during the sinking of the Costa Concordia cruise ship in January 2012 eyewitnesses reported many instances of constructive behaviour. Some passengers used iphone apps to work out their location on the ship while others made ladders from sheets to reach the safety of the next deck. However, research suggests that only 10-25% of people in an emergency will be able to undertake prompt and effective...
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...When a disaster strikes whether it is natural or manmade, it comes with emotional effects of trauma such as stress which include anger, sadness, anxiety, fear, and irritability. The aftermath of a disaster lingers than the destruction itself and become a long term issues It is evident that after this type of crisis individual, group, and community suffer loss of property, love ones, cultural unity and spiritual belief in isolation. Although they are given material supports and even moral supports, it cannot be compared with the spirituality effectiveness that survivors gone through. This is a major issue which needs to be addressed apart from medical treatment, spiritual restoration should be put in place to help resolve the immediate crisis and help restore the victim to a sense of normalcy or level of functioning equal to or higher than prior to the crisis. Most disaster survivors tend to look for higher power as a source for strength and hope during these difficult times. Therefore spiritual care providers should be made available to assist them to regain their trust in God and healing of minds. Many people will experience spiritual stress reactions during or after a disaster. During disasters, a diverse cross-section of people seek spiritual care. Religious leaders will be challenged to support and offer an open environment with respect to religious diversity, social diversity, and unfamiliar cultural and mass care settings. These tips can guide you as you help your...
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...Disaster is imminent. Every single day a disaster occurs somewhere in the world. From buildings being annihilated by earthquakes and tornados to immeasurable deaths caused by mass starvation and man-made explosions, we are plagued by disastrous events. It is within these calamities that the best and worst of human nature emerge. Elites and their institutions expect and thus engender a culture of panic within disaster while ordinary citizens are the ones to emerge triumphant; media and Hollywood in particular have created a panic culture. It was December 6th 1917, in the midst of World War I when disaster struck in the quiet Canadian port town of Halifax, Nova Scotia. The Imo, a Belgian relief ship was headed straight toward the Mont Blanc,...
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...What is emergency management? When a disaster – a sudden, calamitous event either natural or man-made such as an earthquake, hurricane, tornado, flood, avalanche, fire or airplane crash – occurs, a community can suffer widespread damage and losses to its residents, property, economy and the environment. Catastrophes often overwhelm communities that lack adequate resources to respond to or recover from a hazard. Disaster or emergency management, according to the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (http://www.ifrc.org/en/what-we-do/disaster-management/preparing-for-disaster/risk-reduction/international-day-for-risk-reduction/), can be defined as the organization and management of resources and responsibilities for dealing with the humanitarian aspects of emergencies, particularly in preparedness, response and recovery, to lessen their impact. The goal of disaster management is to help communities reduce risk, establish strategies to mitigate the effects of, prepare to respond, respond to and recover from all types of disasters. Emergency management assists communities before, during and after disasters, helping citizens return to a normal life as quickly as possible....
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...convictions. Challenge undeserved, under privileged, control adventure, see new places. Disaster management emphasizes the importance of independent accountability to make sure words become actions. Disaster is a very common phenomenon to the human society. It has been experienced by them since time immemorial. Though its form may be varied, it has been a challenge for society across castes, creeds, communities and countries. The latest development which has been discovered in the World Disaster Reports recently is that the disasters have increased in frequency and intensity. People are becoming more and more vulnerable to disasters of all types, including earthquake, flood, cyclones, landslides, droughts, accidents, plane crash, forests fire, etc. With the technological advancements and progress, the force of disasters is also changing. When they occur they surpass all preparedness and eagerness of society and pose bigger challenge to them. This is quite true in case of both developed and developing countries That’s because, in a disaster, it’s critical that people and response teams have the ability to analyze the huge amounts of data generated in the midst of the disaster and its immediate aftermath. Rapid analyzing can help produce customized warnings for communities, particularly with the ubiquity of mobile phones, their apps and social media platforms. The thing about a disaster of this scale is that the government is often in shambles. This happened so close...
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