...Children’s Exposure to Domestic Violence Laws and Policies that address children’s exposure to domestic violence Despite the high rates of violence against women and the recent attention to the physical and emotional consequences of this abuse, until recently relatively little attention had been given to the unseen victims—the children. More than half the female victims of domestic violence live in a household with children under the age of 12.Greenfield (1998). Research suggests that between 3.3 million and 10 million children in the United States are exposed to domestic violence each year and more than a decade of empirical studies indicates that exposure to domestic violence can have serious negative effects on children. These effects may include behavioral problems such as aggression, phobias, insomnia, low self-esteem, and depression. Children exposed to domestic violence may demonstrate poor academic performance and problem-solving skills, and low levels of empathy. Exposure to chronic or extreme domestic violence may result in symptoms consistent with posttraumatic stress disorder, such as emotional numbing, increased arousal, avoidance of any reminders of the violent event, or obsessive and repeated focus on the event. Retrospective studies indicate that there may also be negative effects in adulthood, including depression, low self-esteem, violent practices in the home, and criminal behavior. Carlson (1992). Families affected by domestic violence touch all service...
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...Domestic Violence Specialty Court Analysis and Effectiveness What is the leading cause of injury to women? It is domestic violence not rape, not car accidents, not muggings. Domestic Violence statistics are so bad that they do not even look real. A women is assaulted every 9 seconds, three women are murdered due to domestic violence and between 3- 10 million children witness domestic violence every year. Domestic violence is so apart of culture that 1 in 5 teenage girls are threatened by their boyfriend when she suggests breaking up with him. The worst part of domestic violence is that over half of all victims never contact the authorities or shelters for help. (“Domestic Violence Statistics”) Since money has and will always be a major part of domestic violence s courts, domestic violence costs more then 37 billion dollars a year when you add up law enforcement costs, medical and mental health treatment and lost productivity at companies. (“Domestic Violence the Stats”) Domestic violence specialty courts aim to solve the growing issue in this country. These courts want to lower recidivism rates, and make more women and children safe. The courts have supporters and people who are against them, but these courts are so new no one really has the authority to judge one side or the other. I have decided to look into how affective these courts are and if they are helping keep more people safe and helping offenders become valuable and good members of society. Before I go into...
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...DOMESTIC VIOLENCE: AN OVERVIEW WHAT IS DOMESTIC VIOLENCE? What is domestic violence, and why does it persist? Domestic violence, partner abuse, battering, family violence, and wife beating refer to abuse committed by one adult against another with whom the abuser has or has had an intimate or romantic relationship. Most domestic violence is committed by men against women. According to the Department of Justice, women are victims of domestic violence eleven times more often then men. Although, some sources suggest that women use violence against males as frequently as men do against female partner, most evidence shows that the violence inflicted by men is much more severe. Domestic violence includes physical, sexual, and emotional acts of violence and abuse. Physical abuse usually involves the intent of causing harm or injury to the victim. It can take the form of slapping, punching, throwing the victim down or into the walls and objects, tripping, biting, kicking, or twisting arms and legs. It may involve life-threatening behavior such as choking, stabbing, burning, attempting to drown, or shooting with a gun. Abuse may also refer to withholding necessary items, or to physical restraint such as locking the victim in a home or closet, handcuffing, or tying up a person. Sexual abuse includes genital mutilation and marital rape. Psychological and verbal abuse is usually present along with physical or sexual abuse. It can involves behavior such as constant...
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...Can be Done to Prevent Violence in Our Local Communities? Evan Moulthrop Penn State- Harrisburg Abstract Domestic violence is pattern of abusive behavior in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain control over another intimate partner(What is domestic violence?) It has become a major problem in our country, and has taken the lives of many and has damaged countless families. Domestic violence and abuse not only have physical effects, but also financial and psychological. What Can Be Done to Prevent Violence in Our Local Communities? Domestic violence has become a major issue in our society. Mass shootings are becoming more common every year, and cities all over the country...
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...Comes Home: Domestic Violence and Abuse by Law Enforcement Taren A. Lalli IFS2075 Professor Maier-Katkin March 6, 2015 Corruption Comes Home: Domestic Violence and Abuse by Law Enforcement At the beginning of my research and initial framing of this paper, I proposed to write about the drug system within American prisons across the scope of the nation. It wasn’t until a, somewhat recent, article came across my computer screen about a Honolulu officer being investigated after allegedly beating up his girlfriend that changed my mind completely (Blaine, 2014). Many of the qualities valued in on-duty, or even off-duty, police officers can make them dangerous domestic violence offenders. Domestic violence is a multifaceted complex phenomenon. It includes abusive acts towards children, intimate partners regardless of gender, and the elderly. All abusers use similar methods to control and abuse their intimate partners. Officers however, have skills and tactics not generally possessed by civilians. Professional training in combat, intimidation, interrogation, weapons and surveillance become a dangerous and potentially lethal combination in an intimate partner or domestic situation. Victims face the bias of law enforcement agencies and the legal system, psychological fear, and a high lethality risk. This is because victims of domestic violence by police officers are in a very different situation than that of other victims of domestic violence. Domestic violence is unique in that...
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...(Berns, 2004). Bukkock and Cubert summarised effect of media: “News coverage can be framed to give distinctly different views of social problems, influencing how audience members see their world, its problems, and the solutions to those problems.” (Entman, 1991, 1993; Loseke, 1989; Pan & Kosicki, 1993; Tuchman, 1978, cited in Bullock and Cubert, 2002, 475). Despite misrepresentation and overrepresentation of crimes in mass media, there is still, as stated by Bottomley, a gap in our knowledge of the true extend...
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...Nejra Keserovic Paul Berg English 102 3 April 2013 VAWA Act of 1994 The Violence Against Women Act of 1994 is a United States Federal law including many measures to reduce the amount of violence against women, providing services to victims of gender-based violence, and holding perpetrators accountable for their actions. The section under this act specifically related to this particularly is Section 41302 under Title 4. Under Section 41302, the purpose stated is to prevent crimes against women, children and youth; increase the resources and services available to prevent violence against women, children, and youth; reduce the impact of the exposure of violence in the lives of children and youth so the cycle of violence can be stopped. It will also create new educational service programs to help prevent children in vulnerable families from becoming the next victims or perpetrators of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking; It will also promote new programs created to ensure children are given the help they need to break the cycle of violence and begin to develop mutually respectful non-violent relationship. U.S. Senator Joseph Biden sponsors legislation called the Violence Against Women Act, as part of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. The legislation passes with bipartisan support of 226 sponsors in the House and 68 in the Senate. The act authorized $1.6 billion to be spent over six years on the creation of rape crisis...
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...Once Were Warriors Report by Sean Collier Once Were Warriors had a different reception internationally towards the didactic message of the violence in the film. Once Were Warriors directed by Lee Tamahori grossed over $6 million in New Zealand passing Jurassic Park on the New Zealand Box Office. New Zealanders praised the film with most reviews receiving a high rating. When opened internationally it grossed over $2 million with reviews also achieving a high rating. Although most international reviews fail to see the message from the violence compared to local reviews, they seem to view the violence as nauseating and unnecessary while New Zealand sees it as strong message to the public. Strong examples of this are Mark Tierney, Lizzie Francke and David Stratton from New Zealand, and Kenneth Turan from America who had a strong opinion on the movie’s brutal violence leading him to give it a bad review therefore missing the didactic message of the film. Once Were Warriors is a film based from the novel of the same name, about a Maori family living in Auckland after moving away from tribal elders over a disagreement over their marriage. The main settings are the Heke’s house and the local bar both housing drunken violence. Beth Heke (Rena Owen) is the victim of domestic abuse from her husband Jake Heke (Temurea Morrison) leading her to question the relationship and stand up to Jake while also trying to sort family relations. There are many sub-plots in the film which affect the...
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...Innocent: False Allegations of Domestic Violence Brian Burwell 0481195 Tesc; Oct 2011 AOJ-102-OL009: Intro to Criminal Justice 609-367-4317 bluntreality@gmail.com Abstract This paper examines the prevalence of false allegations of domestic violence within the criminal justice system; detailing how the accused are often viewed as guilty until they are proven innocent. In Part I, I will reveal the problems associated with false allegations of domestic violence, and why this topic is of importance to me. Part II will examine the flawed responses to these accusations that pervade the criminal justice system. Part III will explicate the incentives by vindictive people to make such claims – e.g. winning a divorce case, or receiving custody of the children. Part IV will review the statistical analysis of false domestic violence claims, and outline the cost to not only the accused, but the government as well. Lastly, in Part V I will summarize the topic by arguing that laws should be changed to reflect that some individuals use false allegations of domestic violence in a malicious manner, and that...
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...of Domestic Violence Liberty University Introduction to Domestic Violence Domestic violence is on the rise in the United States and threatens the physical and mental health of any individual experiencing these traumatic episodes. Domestic violence is defined as any threatening act that manipulates, intimidates, threatens, or injures another human being. Jenkin & Sauerbier, 2008 states, “violence that occurs within the private sphere, generally between individuals who are related through intimacy, blood, or law” (p. 12). Domestic violence can occur in all races, religious affiliations and socioeconomic backgrounds. The CDC (2008) states “1 in 4 women report domestic abuse in some form by a current or former partner” (cdc.gov). Domestic violence can occur in many different relationships such as same sex relationships, dating relationships, and marriages and don’t always involve women as the victims. The impact of domestic violence is not only felt within the family unit, the community is also affected. Domestic abuse occurs in many different forms such as physical abuse, verbal abuse, sexual abuse, and economic abuse, and stalking. For the purpose of this paper the writer will take a look at racial statistics in domestic violence, forms of domestic violence, and reflect on protection measures to assist the victims of such dehumanizing abuse. Domestic Violence Statistics Benson et. al. (2004) states “Over the past decades the avenues by which domestic violence statistics...
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...Program Report Domestic Violence CJHS/410 Evelyn Diaz 01/19/2015 Chris Abreu Domestic Violence The battering of women has been in existence for a long time in Western in Western culture. As long as men view woman and children as property, he will use violence as a form of control. In the past society turned their heads on domestic violence because it was not considered a crime. All through history the regulations and rights related to this control have been codified by both civil and religious laws. In the 1800 BC, the Code of Hammurabi states that was subservient to the man and he could inflict punishment anyone in household for any wrong doings (“Overview of Historical Laws That Supported Domestic Violence”). According to the Roman Code of Paterfamilias it says if a man should discover your wife committing adultery the husband may with permission put her to death with no trial, but if he catches him in same predicament she cannot do anything about it.without trial. It was seen in Bradley v. State of Mississippi, 1824 (“Under The Rule Of Thumb”) . Not to long ago in 1977 the California Penal Code said That in order for women to press battery on their husbands they would have to have sustained more injuries then the usual battery charges. It was around that time during the Women’s Movement that domestic violence was being considered a crime. According to, James and Gilliand 2010, the approach to domestic violence has changed immensely over the last 30 years. There has...
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...Love Does Not Hurt: Domestic Violence in the United States Ashleigh Coker Module 5 December 21, 2014 COM510-Q2196 Knowledge and New Media 15TW2 Domestic Violence is sadly a common issue in today’s society for both men and women. An article written by Alonna Vagianas found in the Huffington Post “30 shocking Domestic Violence Statistics That Remind Us It’s an Epidemic” tells us that 85 percent of domestic abuse victims are women, while the other 15 percent are men. This shows us how women are much more likely to be victims of intimate partner abuse. The title of the article I chose to research is Domestic Abuse 'ordinary in US and can be found on CNN’s website. The article was written by Jane K. Stover. She is an Assistant Clinical Professor of Law and the Director of the Domestic Violence Clinic at the University of California, Irvine School of Law. In this article, Jane Stover highlights domestic violence and the lack of consequences for those who commit the crimes. She explicitly references the domestic dispute that took place between Ray Rice and then fiancé’ Janay Rice in February of 2014. She mentions is this article that what Janay Rice suffered is not extraordinary but rather ordinary here in the US. This story is delivered in two methods, both audio and a written article. In the audio portion of the story, anchor Jane Stover interviews another anchor, Christi Paul, who is a domestic abuse survivor. She shares her story and her logic behind the big question of why...
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...* * * Global Perspective What Causes Domestic Violence? Domestic violence may start when one partner feels the need to control and dominate the other. Abusers may feel this need to control their partner because of low self-esteem, extreme jealousy, difficulties in regulating anger and other strong emotions, or when they feel inferior to the other partner in education and socioeconomic background. Some men with very traditional beliefs may think they have the right to control women, and that women aren’t equal to men. This domination then takes the form of emotional, physical or sexual abuse. Studies suggest that violent behavior often is caused by an interaction of situational and individual factors. That means that abusers learn violent behavior from their family, people in their community and other cultural influences as they grow up. They may have seen violence often or they may have been victims themselves. Children who witness or are the victims of violence may learn to believe that violence is a reasonable way to resolve conflict between people. Boys who learn that women are not to be valued or respected and who see violence directed against women are more likely to abuse women when they grow up. Girls who witness domestic violence in their families of origin are more likely to be victimized by their own husbands. Alcohol and other chemical substances may contribute to violent behavior. A drunk or high person will be less likely to control his or her...
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...Domestic violence is a behavior that involves physical or mental abuse by a single person. Over the past few months it has became a big issue in the NFL. The NFL (National Football League) has since then revised their domestic abuse policy and promised to strictly enforce the policy. They made the decision to increase penalties on domestic violence offenders under the Personal Conduct Policy for all NFL employees and players. With recent player Ray Rice accused of beating his fiancé months ago, the NFL just recently decided disciplined him due to the video leaking to the media. Since then the NFL as whole has been under review. Players’ accused of domestic violence for the first offense will be suspended for six games, for the second offense...
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...CHILDREN EXPOSED TO DOMESTIC VIOLENCE By October 18, 2014 Introduction According to, Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) children exposed to domestic violence experience trauma as a result. Their statistical data from 2003 to 2012, which consists of computerized records of domestic violence, show that trauma is a byproduct when children witness domestic violence. Interventions and outcomes are examined to account for existing models for children who witness domestic violence. It is estimated three point three million children witness domestic violence in the United States annually. The term domestic violence refers to violence between intimate adult partners and may involve a range of behaviors including physical aggression, verbal threats and coercive/degrading sex. “Approximately seventy-six percent women and twenty-four percent men are physically assaulted by an intimate partner annually in the United States”. In 2012, “intimate partner violence made up twenty-one percent of all nonfatal violent crime experienced by women”. Likewise, “intimate partners committed four percent of the nonfatal violence against men in 2012”. Exposure to domestic violence results in negative effects to children’s health and development such as emotional distress, developmental delays, symptoms of post-traumatic stress and externalizing, (attention problems, aggressive behavior, and rule breaking actions), or internalizing...
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