...Breaking up is hard to do – Separating Sand & Salt Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to separate a mixture of sand and salt. Materials: * Small beaker * Electric balance * Sand * Salt * Water * Graduated cylinder * Stirring rod * Filter paper * Flask * Rubber policeman * Wash bottle * Funnel * Bunsen burner complete with rubber tubing and a source of gas * Hot hands * Insulator pad * Ring stand complete with a ring * Wire gauze * Striker Pre-lab Questions: 1. Water will be useful in separating the salt and sand because salt is soluble in water, which allows it to dissolve into a homogenous mixture, allowing for filtering of the sand. 2. Properties of sand and salt that will help separate them are that salt is water soluble, and the sand is insoluble in water. 3. The three things that could go wrong in this experiment are: * During the evaporation of water while using the Bunsen burner, the flask might crack or explode – this can be avoided by not heating the flask over a prolonged period of time, and not heating it too intensely. * Some of the sand may be lost during the filtration – this can be avoided by carefully filtering the mixture, and making sure that all of the sand has been washed off from the beaker, and the rubber policeman. * Some of the salt may be lost if the salt doesn’t dissolve completely or if some of the salt water is spilled – this can be...
Words: 1329 - Pages: 6
...References…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...7 Table of Figures: Figure 1 -- Synthesis of Acetaminophen…...…...…………..……………………………..……………3 Figure 2 -- Safety Goggles..……………………..………………………………………………..……………4 Figure 3 -- Lab Gloves…………..………………..………………………………………………..……………4 Figure 4 --...
Words: 882 - Pages: 4
...September 13, 2013 Name: Luis Gutierrez; September 20, 2013 Introduction This lab was the separation of the components of a ternary mixture. The three objectives in this lab were: 1. Learn the different separation techniques which include; sublimation, extraction, decantation, filtration and evaporation. 2. Separate three components in a mixture using the separation techniques learned. 3. Determine the mass percentages of each of the three components present in a mixture. In order to separate the components of a ternary mixture, one must understand what a mixture is and the different separation techniques that can be used. Mixtures are defined as a physical combination of two or more pure substances. Separation techniques are used to separate components that are not chemically combined. Because only physically combined mixtures are being used in this experiment, the separation techniques described in this experiment are based on physical changes, rather than chemical changes. METHODS 1. Sublimation- Involves the heating of a solid that passes directly into a gaseous phase without transitioning into a liquid phase. The reverse process where a gas goes into the solid phase is called deposition or condensation. 2. Evaporation- Involves the heating of a mixture in order to separate a volatile liquid in the form of a vapor, while the residual components remain dry. 3. Extraction- Involves using of a solvent that selectively dissolves only...
Words: 744 - Pages: 3
...Ecological Footprint and Environmental Awareness Introduction: The purpose of this lab is to promote environmental awareness. In this lab I will assess my environmental impact and identify new practices I can exercise to help reduce my ecological footprint. Materials and Methods: The materials I used for this lab are Microsoft Word and Excel and the internet. My procedure is to use the questions provided in Lab #1 to discuss my ecological footprint and ways to improve it. I will also calculate the items I use on a daily basis for 5 days in order to obtain an accumulation of garbage I generate within a day. I will use Microsoft Excel to enter my calculations and graph my results for this lab. Results: 1. Where were you born? Name the city and the state. I was born in Memphis, Tennessee. 2. What was the total amount of rainfall in this area for last year? 59.43 3. Describe the climate of this area (e.g. warm and humid, dry and cold) Humid Subtropical Climate- cfa 4. Name three endangered species in your state. -Spider, spruce fir moss -Wolf, gray -bat, gray 5. Name four species of trees in your area. Pecan tree White Oak Tree Red Maple Tree Black Cherry Tree 6. What is the source of your drinking water in your area? Memphis gets its drinking water from the Memphis Sand Aquifer and the Fort Pillow Sand Aquifer that ultimately comes from the Mississippi Embayment attached to the Mississippi...
Words: 332 - Pages: 2
...ABSTRACT: This report, talks describes a lab that was focused on carrying out a method for the synthesis of secondary alcohols. It used nucleophilic Grignard reagent 1-methylbutylmagnesium Bromide, and the electrophilic carbonyl carbon of an aldehyde propanal to create 4-methyl-3-heptanol. Introduction/ Purpose In this lab we took it the addition of nucleophilic Grignard reagent 1-methylbutylmagnesium Bromide, to the electrophillic carbonyl carbon of an aldehyde propanal is described. 4-methyl-3-heptanol is produced, which was a 2 degree alcohol. Both primary alcohols and secondary alcohols can be obtained through this process in different ways. To produce a Primary alcohol the aldehyde that has to be used is formaldehyde. Secondary...
Words: 765 - Pages: 4
...Name: Quincey Jones II Date: 1/12/14 Instructor’s Name: Assignment: SCIE207 Phase 1 Lab Report Title: Using Scientific Method Instructions: You will need to write a 1-page lab report using the scientific method to answer the following questions: • Define a hypothesis that is suggested by the data collected in the lab. • Complete a lab report using the scientific method. When your lab report is complete, post it in Submitted Assignment files. Part 1: Using the lab animation, fill in the following data tables to help you generate your hypothesis, outcomes, and analysis: Table 1: Maize Yield From Arable Soil |Amount of Mineral Nitrogen Fertilization (kg per 100 |Yield of Maize (mg of dry mass per 100 acres per year) in | |acres) |Arable Soil | |0 |8 | |20 |10.7 | |40 |13 | |60 |15.2 | |80 |16.4 | ...
Words: 774 - Pages: 4
...Introduction In todays lab we observed the Sow bug and the preferred environment that would most likely be their preferred natural environment. During our observational study we observed a box divided into two chambers. One was filled with wet soil, it was shaded and was non-heated, while the other side of the chamber was dry sand, non-shaded and was heated with a lamp. We ran the experiment three different times, for five minutes with four bugs at a time, while we checked on them every minute to see if they had moved locations or not. After completing the experiment and observing the behaviors of the Sow bugs we recognized that for the majority of the time they enjoyed the shaded, wet soil, shaded, non-heated side more than the dry sand,...
Words: 408 - Pages: 2
...of this lab was to determine if the coarse aggregate meets ASTM C33 standards for coarse aggregates. Also this lab was used to determine the specific gravities of the coarse aggregate. Lastly, this lab helped to determine if this coarse aggregate could be used to make a good gravel driveway. Apparatus and Materials 1. Ohaus Heavy Duty Solution Balance, model 1119, property of Bluefield State College. 2. Common sieves: 1 – ½”, 1”, ¾”, #4, #8, including the pan and lid. 3. Peerless Stove and Mfg. Co. oven, #2324DS (Solitest model L-90), property of Bluefield State College. 4. Common gravel aggregate. 5. Common flask. 6. “Bath Scale”, BSC # 18589. Method Sieve Analysis: This lab exercise determined the size of coarse aggregate as it passed through the given sieves resulting in a percent that passed though, and a percent that was isolated on the sieves. Gravel coarse aggregate was obtained and weighed using the Ohaus HD Solution Balance and approximately 1 kg of the gravel aggregate was measured. Sieves were obtained then stacked according to sieve size, from largest screen openings to finest, with the pan on the bottom. The 1kg of coarse aggregate was then poured over the top sieve and the lid was placed on top. The stack of sieves was then shaken by hand to sift the aggregate over the layers of sieves. The lid was removed and the coarse aggregate on each sieve was weighed and the weight was recorded on the Coarse Aggregate Lab. Data...
Words: 817 - Pages: 4
...How is Lab Glassware Used? Intro: The concept of the lab, “How is Glassware Used?” was to familiarize ourselves with the different kinds of laboratory glassware like the buret, Erlenmeyer flask, beaker, and graduated cylinder. According to Dartmouth each glassware functions best in different settings; A buret is used to deliver solution in precisely-measured, variable volumes,1 Erlenmeyer flasks and beakers are used for mixing, transporting, and reacting, but not for accurate measurements, and graduated cylinders are useful for measuring liquid volumes but are for general purpose use, not for quantitative analysis.2 Essentially each glassware either holds certain volumes or delivers certain volumes. The main purpose of the experiment was to see which glassware is both the most precise and the most accurate through testing them and calculating which one has the lowest average percent error. Accuracy is how close the measured value is to the true value of what is being measured. To assure accurate measurements were made, special attention was kept on significant figures in the measurements. Significant figures are numbers that carry meaning in the measurement. Accuracy can be said to be “good” or “bad”, however this is qualitative and doesn’t give a decent sense of how accurate something really is, so a quantitative way of stating accuracy was devised to determine how accurate something is. The quantitative measure of accuracy is called percent error...
Words: 2783 - Pages: 12
...Lab 5 – Weather and Climate Change Lab 5 - Demonstration 1: Modeling the Water Cycle POST LAB QUESTIONS 1. Which water cycle processes are represented in this model and by what components? Answer = evaporation, and condensation. The warm water evaporated into water vapors, that it transformed back into a liquid state during the condensation process. 2. Which processes are not represented? How could the model be altered to include these processes? Answer = surface run off, infiltration, and percolation. Its components is how the water vapor turns to gas. 3. How would the “weather” be affected if the water was at a decreased temperature? What about at an increased temperature? Answer = if it is decreased temperature the weather will be cold or stay warm within a humidity climate. And if the temperature increase the weather will be hot because we know that the water is being evaporate at that time according to the water cycle process. Experiment 1: Water Movement POST LAB QUESTIONS 1. Develop a hypothesis predicting the effect of sunlight on evaporation? Hypothesis = direct sunlight will lead up to more evaporation. The direct photons of light increases the motion of the water molecules it strikes giving them a better a chance to evaporate. 2. Based on the results of your experiment, would you reject or accept the hypothesis that you produced in question...
Words: 371 - Pages: 2
...BTEC Nationals Edexcel level 3 BTEC National Certificate/Diploma Applied Science (Laboratory and Industrial Science) Applied Science (Medical Science) Integrated Vocational Assignment CASE STUDY 2- Johnson Matthey (Catalysts and Chemicals) Unit 3: Workplace practices This case study has been prepared by Mr. M. Hooper & Ms P. Hooper with the co-operation of Johnson Matthey (Catalysts and Chemicals) for the use of learners completing the IVA for the NQF Level 3 BTEC Nationals in Applied Science. Prepared by M. Hooper & P. Hooper. March 2005 The following materials have been authorised for use by students in this context, by Johnson Matthey. Some data is not current, and some is adapted to give a working document to allow completion of the assignment, To complete the assignment students must have access to detailed information about a company. This is often difficult to obtain, and the following information will provide exemplar material for the completion of the IVA. The information is based on the British Company – Johnson Matthey, one of the leading speciality chemicals companies in the world specialising in Catalysts, Precious Metals and Speciality chemicals. Johnson Matthey is a large multi-national company. There is a lot of information available on the various web-sites. The website reflect the...
Words: 6074 - Pages: 25
...inexpensive, clean-burning, environmentally friendly alternative cooking fuel that is made from agricultural waste materials and thus does not lead to deforestation. This instruction sheet explains how to make Fuel from the Fields charcoal; the process can and should be adapted to your local environment. We encourage you to experiment and let us know your results (you can email us at charcoal@mit.edu) 1 Elements for making Charcoal The main step in making Fuel from the Fields charcoal is carbonization, which requires three things: dry organic material (also called biomass), heat, and control of the amount of oxygen. The biomass may be any of a variety of agricultural waste materials including: corncobs, sugarcane waste (bagasse), millet stalks, groundnut shells, palm leaves or bamboo. It must be very dry in order to burn properly. The heat is generated by setting the biomass on fire, and the oxygen-free environment is created by sealing the drum with sand or soil. The carbonized material is then crushed, mixed with a binder, and then made into briquettes. Biomass Heat Oxygen Control 2 1. Preparing the Kiln A 55 gallon oil drum can be used as a kiln to make charcoal Cut a large opening for filling Cut several holes in the the kiln with the material you bottom of the drum. These want to carbonize. holes allow air to flow through the drum while burning, which results in a hotter fire and produces better charcoal. A piece of sheet metal is needed to cover the...
Words: 761 - Pages: 4
...How is Lab Glassware Used? Luis Cervantes, Ruby Morales, Justin Oursler, Cole Von Roeder Friday September 4, 2015 10:30 am Kaitlyn Mandigo Section L52 Introduction: The intention of this investigation was to find the most precise and/or accurate glassware. Precision is how close the measured values are to each other, and accuracy is how close the measured value is true to the value. To do this different laboratory glassware was used to measure out density of water. Density is the ratio of an object’s mass (grams) to its volume (mL or cm^3). Therefore once we knew the mass and volume of the water being used then the density was calculated using the following formula: Density = mass/volume This calculated density was then be compared to the expected, theoretical density of water at the current temperature (°c) by using the following percent error formula: % Error = (experimental-theoretical)/theoretical Additionally, significant figure rules are used to ensure accuracy in this lab. With this information on all glassware, it was determined which lab glassware was the most precise and/or accurate. Procedure/Experiment: This experiment required many different kinds of glassware to be used in order to successfully carry out the experiment. The types of glassware and other tools used are as follows: 50mL beaker, buret, electronic balance, 125mL Erlenmeyer flask, 10mL graduated cylinder...
Words: 1674 - Pages: 7
...| Civ Eng 4G04 | Resilient Modulus Lab | | Procedure: 1. Soil mould was assembled with rubber membrane lining inside of mould. 2. The mould was filled with soil so the approximate compacted height was equal to 1/6th the height of the mould (approx. 50mm). 3. Soil was compacted using hammer drill equipped with tamping attachment 4. Steps 2 and 3 were repeated 5 additional times until the mould was filled. 5. The mould was removed and the sample was placed into the testing apparatus. 6. Rubber membrane was secured using rubber rings placed at the top and bottom of the sample, ensuring contact with the sample did not occur. 7. Pressure cell was placed over sample and secured into place. 8. Sample was brought to cell pressure of 3 kPa. 9. Sample was conditioned for shakedown 10. Cyclic loading was applied to sample, with a loading duration of 0.1 second and a rest period of 0.9 seconds, displacements and forces during this loading were recorded using supplied software. 11. This loading was applied in groups of five with a 95 second rest period between sets of load application. A total of three sets of load applications were applied to the sample. 12. Steps 8 and 10 were repeated at cell pressures of 5, 10, 15 and 20 kPa. 13. At the end of testing soil samples from the top, middle and bottom of the sample were taken in order to determine moisture content. Results: Tabulated results can be seen in Table 2 in the...
Words: 650 - Pages: 3
...Environmental Science Table of Contents Lab 2 Water Quality and Contamination 21 Water Quality and Contamination Concepts to Explore • Usable water • Ground water contaminates • Ground water • Water treatment • Surface water • Drinking water quality Figure 1: At any given moment, 97% of the planet’s water is in the oceans. Only a small fraction of the remaining freshwater is usable by humans, underscoring the importance of treating our water supplies with care. Introduction It is no secret that water is one of the most valuable resources on planet Earth. Every plant and animal requires water to survive, not only for drinking, but also for food production, shelter creation and many other necessities. Water has also played a major role in transforming the earth’s surface into the varied topography we see today. While more than 70% of our planet is covered in water, only a small percent of this water is usable freshwater. The other 99% of the water is composed primarily of salt water, with a small percentage being composed of 23 Water Quality and Contamination glaciers. Due to the high costs involved in transforming salt water into freshwater, the Earth’s population survives off the less than 1% of freshwater available. Humans obtain freshwater from either surface water or groundwater. Surface water is the water that collects on the ground as a result of precipitation. The water that does not evaporate back...
Words: 4071 - Pages: 17
