...lack of treatment for dual diagnosis. Such factors could include stigma, lack of access to treatment resources, and being unaware that one does have a co-occurring disorder. It is essential to identify a dual diagnosis early on to prevent the risks that emanate from the diagnosis. It is believed that biological causes, such as chemical imbalances, genes, etc. are significantly associated with mental illness and substance use disorder (Kuppin&Carpiano 2009). On the other hand, there is a belief that the way a person was raised was the cause of the condition (Kuppin, et al. 2099). Moreover, a person dually diagnosed with severe mental illness and substance use disorder has disproportionally...
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...Alchoholism Case Study This case study took place at an Alcohol and Addiction Counselling Practice. This service offers people with drug or alcohol related problems an opportunity to increase their quality of life by: providing advice and information, one-to-one counselling, a gender specific alcohol and drug user group, a support group for people who have stopped drinking or using drugs and a family and friends support group. The first interview with Claire took place in October 2000. Her psychiatrist referred Claire to our practice. His first contact with Claire was in August of the same year. She was referred to him by a hospital that had treated her for an attempted suicide. Although the psychiatrist is treating Claire for severe depression it has become apparent to him that she has a problem with alcohol. She is 30 years old and was divorced two years ago. She has no children. There is no partner in her life now or since her divorce and she lives in a rented one bed roomed house. She is unemployed and is currently in receipt of Income Support. Claire has requested a counselling programme that will help her to abstain from alcohol. She has not drunk any alcohol for two weeks prior to her appointment at this service, but she is on prescribed medication: tranquillisers and anti-depressants for depression. The main objective of this interview is to gather information in order to assess which of our services will best benefit Claire to aid her with abstinence from...
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...a congenital third-degree atrioventricular block and requires a dual chamber pacemaker, the issues that are important to me are as follows. Firstly, I need to be reassured that the most suitable type of pacemaker will be available as I need it and that I will continue to have regular pacemaker checks. Secondly, looking into the future, I am concerned with the management of my condition in later years, so I need to be updated on the policies that define the trajectories of care of pacemaker patients in the NHS and changes in pacemaker research....
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...complicated relationship between mental health and substance use disorders. I focused my research on the relationship between depression, including post-partum, and alcoholism. In this paper, I will explain why my client, Rhonda is considered dually diagnosed, I will explain the health problems that can occur from using alcohol and the effects alcohol has on the brain and body, I will explain how alcohol impacts depression, and last, I will explain the specific problems that exist in treating the dually diagnosed individual. An individual who has any combination of a mental disorder (anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder) and addiction (drugs, alcohol, sex, gambling) is considered to be dual diagnosed. (Foundations Recovery Network, 1995) In one article, Paljärvi (2009) states “experimental studies have found that alcohol intoxication can produce even severe depressive symptoms during heavy drinking episodes.” Becker (2012) states in his article, “Alcohol has anxiety-reducing properties and can relieve stress, while at the same time acting as a stressor and activating the bodies stress response systems.” According to Evans and Sullivan (2001), individuals with a history of alcohol dependence, especially those early in recovery and those who are older, show significant cognitive impairments. Individuals with major depression also have significant cognitive deficits and the two together cause double the difficulties in thinking and learning. The most helpful support for a dually-diagnosed...
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...of the disease. However, the extent of this co-occurrence varies substantially between reports. Aim: To study the prevalence of psychiatric and medical comorbidity, among different degrees of Mental Retardation. Settings and Design: This is a cross-sectional, singlecentered study conducted at the out patient department of Psychiatry, Maharajah’s Institute Of Medical Sciences. Material & Methods : Sixty-three persons, who came for disability certification, were diagnosed with MR as per ICD-10 criteria, The Wechsler’s Adult Intelligence Scale – IV and The Developmental Screening Test for IQ and Vineland Social Maturity Scale for SQ assessment were used. Psychiatric and medical co-morbidities were diagnosed, using clinical examination, laboratory investigation, the ICD-10 Diagnostic criteria and CHA-PAS SCALE. Statistical Analysis : The statistical analysis was done by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 13.0 version. Frequency, percentages and chi square analysis were used to analyze the data. Result : Out of 63, 40 were found to have medical co-morbidity, while 38 were found to have psychiatric co-morbidity. Severe and profound MR was almost always associated with medical co-morbidities, while mild to moderate MR with psychiatric illness. Different co-morbid disorders were analyzed and discussed. Conclusions : Evaluation and diagnosis of co-morbid disorder in different degrees of MR is of...
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...Abstract Social Security Disability Insurance (SSD or SSDI) is a payroll tax-funded, federal insurance program of the United States government. It is managed by the Social Security Administration and is designed to provide income supplements to people who are physically restricted in their ability to be employed because of a notable disability, usually a physical disability. SSD can be supplied on either a temporary or permanent basis, usually directly correlated to whether the person's disability is temporary or permanent There are many different types of disablities that are covered under SSDI. However, one area that has been under heavy debate is whether or not substance abuse should be considered a disablity and funded by SSDI. This study examined symptom severity and level of functioning in recipients of Supplemental Security Income (SSI) benefits for drug addicts and alcoholics (DA&A). Although substantial numbers of substance abusers received these benefits until the program was canceled in 1997, little information has been available on the characteristics of these individuals. Approximately 2500 SSI DA&A recipients were assessed at the point in which they were to be referred for treatment services. Results indicated that in addition to...
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...Current Events in Business Research RES/351 February 29, 2016 Current Events in Business Research For the purpose of this paper, we were asked to select an article in the University Library that contains a research study in a functional area of our own job or a functional area we desire to be a part of someday. My intended field will be in mental health counseling; specifically, substance abuse counseling. I came through many years in active addiction. Overcoming those years led to my passion for the field in which I have chosen to embrace. I have selected to write based on an article from the ProQuest Psychology Journals entitled, “Social Workers Employed in Substance Abuse Treatment Agencies: A Training Needs Assessment,” (Hall, Amodeo, Shaffer, Vander Bilt, 2000). Improving upon this growing profession and identifying areas of weakness are key. In the pages to follow, I will identify the research problem, the method used, how the research has solved the problem, and other potential applications for this research within functional and related areas. Identifying the Research Problem and Method Used Business research, as we use it in our text, is a systematic inquiry that provides information to guide managerial decisions. More specifically, it is a process of planning, acquiring, analyzing, and disseminating relevant data, information, and insights to decision makers in ways that mobilize the organization to take appropriate actions that, in...
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...Treating Co-Occurring Disorders 30th May 2015 Introduction The evidence-based practice has become an integral component in the delivery of primary healthcare services in many healthcare institutions. On the basis of this approach, the best practice is often based on a thorough assessment of evidence from renowned research studies that highlight the interventions necessary for maximizing the chance of benefit and minimize the risk of harm. Furthermore, evidence-based practices are aimed at delivering the desired treatment at acceptable costs. When it comes to co-occurring disorders, Integrated Treatment seems to be the most appropriate evidence-based approach in that it addresses the individual’s mental health and substance use issues in an integrated manner (Drake et al. 2004). As compared to the traditional parallel and sequential treatment approaches, Integrated Treatment model is best suited for co-occurring disorders that are often cyclical and interactive. Furthermore, the requirement that clients should obtain services in different systems of treatment seems to be at odds with the current shift towards patient-centered care which stipulates that access to services for co-occurring disorders should be available at the patient level. What is the theory of behavior change underlying the EBP? The Integrated Treatment approach is founded on the cognitive behaviour therapy that is a focused approach premised on the fact that cognitions influence behaviors and feelings...
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...Case Study – Rosa Lee Cunningham Michael J. Rogers Liberty University Case Study – Rosa Lee Cunningham Name: Rosa Lee Cunningham Age: Born October 7, 1936 – age 54 at time of interview Dates of Interviews: Various through 1990 Evaluator: Michael Rogers REASON FOR ASSESSMENT: Rosa Lee is a 54-year old African American female. She is married but has not lived with her husband in over 40 years and has no regular contact with him. She has eight adult children, three of which intermittently live with her. Her primary sources of income are derived from mostly illegal activities such as dealing drugs, shoplifting, and the sale of stolen goods. She also receives money from government benefits of various sources but these monies are mostly secondary and tertiary. She was recently admitted to the hospital for an illness related to her substance abuse and is looking for a method of obtaining additional income through governmental programs. SOURCES OF INFORMATION: The information in this case report was obtained from interviews conducted with the client by the Washington Post as written in the book A Mother and her Family in Urban America: Rosa Lee. They are either direct quotes given to the reporter or the reporter’s written observations and interpretations. His observations include are both direct and interpretive and are taken from both verbal and nonverbal observations of the client and her family members. PSYCHSOCIAL HISTORY: Rosa is a self-reporting heroine and cocaine...
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...Chapter 19: Substance Use and Disability The chapter on Substance Use and Disability in the Marini and Stebnicki textbook was a brief discussion of the various drugs categories and the comorbidity of drug use and mental/physical disability. The occurrence of two separate clinical diagnoses is referred to as “dual diagnosis”. As used in this chapter, the term dual-diagnosis includes the occurrence of a physical, mental, or intellectual disability along with the presence of a substance use disorder (Marini & Stebnick, 2012). There are several different categories of substances and they all have different effects on the body. Stimulants such as cocaine, amphetamines, and methamphetamines effect the central nervous system and often have behavioral effects such as mood elevations and euphoria. Hallucinogens such as MDMA, LSD, and psilocybin can have hallucinogenic effects on a person’s perception, mood, and state of mind. Marijuana is described as a drug that effects the central nervous system and can cause a euphoric high, heightened sensory perceptions, and hallucinations in higher doses. Depressants consist of psychoactive drugs such as barbituaties, sleeping pills, and alcohol. These substances depress the central nervous system and can result in decreased motor activity and a sedating effect (Marini & Stebnick, 2012, pgs. 295-99). Opiates include substances such as heroin, morphine, hydrocodone, oxycodone, and codeine. These drugs have an effect on the brain with...
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...directly related to poor nutrition due to limited availability to healthy food choices. Poor nutrition can also be a big contributor to recovery time necessary to get back to work from illnesses. This lack of health care affordability and the ability for individuals to recover from illness exacerbates the effect the financial deficit of the economy. The affordability of healthcare has contributed to working families’ deciding whether it is important to pay healthcare premiums or pay household bills such as food, shelter, utilities, and clothing. Historically, employers cover insurance premiums, however due to a decline in jobs and a continuous inflation in living cost, individuals are unable to maintain their lifestyles and in worse cases their home. Families are becoming homeless at an alarming rate, which is contributing to the increase homeless children population in the school system. Most of these...
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...ANALYSIS PAPER DRAFT 1 Annotated Outline Part 1 – Analysis of Work Environment A. Identify a potential or current work environment My professional role is the director of a faith base substance abuse residential recovery organization in Kansas City, Missouri for homeless women, committed to overcoming their addiction and becoming responsible, productive drug and alcohol free members of the community. Author’s Tsai, Rosenheck, Kasprow & Mcquire (2012) study differentiated between programs that were once religious but are now secular from programs that have always been secular and programs that currently have a religious orientation. As a director for a non-profit organization and private business owner, this organization is to be considered a “service provider” facility, working directly to house, heal, feed, clothe, and educate females experiencing homelessness. Supervise a staff of 10, including an assistant director. B. Describe the population The organization would provide services to 30 single females in a Bible-based residential recovery program. Funded by Federal, State, City and private funders. The funding will be used for staff salary, food, utilities, up keep of the building, etc. Females would range from 25-45 years of age. C. Identify the appropriate code of professional ethics Ethical Standards of Human Service Professionals (2015), Retrieved from http://www.nationalhumanservices.org/ethical-standards-for-hs-professionals ...
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...Consultant Psychiatrist for Elderly, Bradford Community Health NHS Trust, UK 2 Senior Experimental Ocer, University of Bradford and Bradford Community Health NHS Trust, UK SUMMARY In our community study of the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among elderly South Asian immigrants from the Indian sub-continent (India, Pakistan and Bangladesh) living in Bradford (UK), we found depression in 20%, dementia in 4% and anxiety neurosis in 4%. Subjects were interviewed at their place of residence by a consultant psychiatrist familiar with their culture and language. The Hindi translation of the community version of the Geriatric Mental State schedule (GMS-A) was also administered. Psychiatrist's ICD-9 diagnosis was compared with GMS±AGECAT computerized diagnosis. We found low-level agreement in dementia cases (kappa 0.33) whereas the agreement in subjects with depression was high (kappa 0.81). In many subjects GMS-A made a diagnosis of dementia not diagnosed as cases by the psychiatrist, who had the bene®t of additional history information from carers in this population from a dierent culture and educational background. These ®ndings are discussed along with suggestions and present limitations of GMS-A in the diagnosis of dementia in cross-cultural research. Larger studies are needed in this population (a) to ®nd out prevalence rates in countries of origin and (b) to investigate the author's (KB) observation of low rates of Alzheimer's type dementia in this population...
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...Abstract There are a compilation of many years of empirical evidence that has sought to diagnosis and treat stress and the extreme forms it. The evidence which has, persistently, perplexed scientists are the common stress reactions that are experience by normal functioning people and by those who are, actually, diagnosed with stress disorders. This research will examine acute stress response as it relates to all people who experience trauma or emotional events. The evidence brought forth by this research will define acute stress reaction and acute stress disorder, list the symptoms, and describe the differences between the two. The diagnosing criteria as described by the DSM-IV will be described, as well the history of its inclusion. This study will, also, compare and contrast different available treatments for acute stress disorder and the prevention of the disorder. Finally, a look into the necessary components needed to help people cope with the effects of trauma, will be examined from a professional and spiritual perspective. Keywords: Stress, acute-stress reaction, acute-stress disorder, trauma, treatment, prevention. Acute Stress Response: The Reaction and Disorder When people experience traumatic or emotionally taxing events, there is much to be said concerning what happens when people aren’t treated for the short term and long term effects of these traumatic circumstances. However, in more recent years, evidence points to a series of normal effects...
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...greater the risk of osteoporosis since one's bones start losing mass. Research has indeed shown that race or ethnicities are risk factors for osteoporosis. Asian and Caucasian women are likely to have this condition as compared to the others (NIH, 2014). The argument lies in the fact that most Asian women do have a smaller frame having a lesser bone density. In the same manner, one’s family history determines if they will develop this particular condition. Osteoporosis is hereditary in that if a family member had this condition; the odds that you will have the same problem are high. Dietary issues are also known to contribute to the development of osteoporosis. Having a diet with low vitamin D and calcium makes one prone to bone deficiency. Studies have shown that low estrogen levels normally brought about by menopause or missing menstrual periods can as well cause osteoporosis in women (NIH, 2014). The same principles of low testosterone level in men do cause osteoporosis. Eating disorders such as anorexia can contribute to the development of...
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