...A Generalized Logarithm for Exponential-Linear Equations Dan Kalman Dan Kalman (kalman@email.cas.american.edu) joined the mathematics faculty at American University in 1993, following an eight year stint in the aerospace industry and earlier teaching positions in Wisconsin and South Dakota. He has won three MAA writing awards, is an Associate Editor of Mathematics Magazine, and served a term as Associate Executive Director of the MAA. His interests include matrix algebra, curriculum development, and interactive computer environments for exploring mathematics, especially using Mathwright software. How do you solve the equation 1.6x = 5054.4 − 122.35x? (1) We will refer to equations of this type, with an exponential expression on one side and a linear one on the other, as exponential-linear equations. Numerical approaches such as Newton’s method or bisection quickly lead to accurate approximate solutions of exponential-linear equations. But in terms of the elementary functions of calculus and college algebra, there is no analytic solution. One approach to remedying this situation is to introduce a special function designed to solve exponential-linear equations. Quadratic equations, by way of analogy, are √ solvable in terms of the special function x, which in turn is simply the inverse of a very special and simple quadratic function. Similarly, exponential equations are solvable in terms of the natural logarithm log, and that too is the inverse of...
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...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study The need for Environmental Accounting has become the concern and focus of nations and responsible corporate managements. It became one of the foremost issues on the agenda of nations and businesses earlier in the 1990s and the reasons for this were varied emanating from both within and outside of the firm and particularly at the global level (Okoye and Ngwakwe:2004:220-235). A lot of government enactments, laws and regulations on environmental protection have been made in several nations of the world. In the light of the awakening to environment protection, various laws and regulations such as the Environmental Impact Assessment Act, 1992 have been enacted. These require corporate managements to consider the environmental implications of all internal decisions of their managements. Also, all organizations monitored by environmental policy agencies in Kenya are expected to demonstrate much consideration in decision making. Environmentalists agree that it could be more cost effective and beneficial for companies to acquire pollution prevention or clean technology than those of pollution clean-up. It is also observed that in environmental regulations, there is a shift from the ‘command and control’ approach to market-driven forms in which pollution prevention alternatives are replacing pollution cleaning approach. It follows therefore, that determining the appropriate pollution prevention approach may lead to additional decisions...
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...An organisation’s success is influenced by factors operating in its internal and external environment; an organisation can increase its success by adopting strategies which manipulate these factors to its advantage. A successful organisation will not only understand existing factors but also forecast change, so that it can take advantage of change within the environments in which it operates. PEST and SWOT analysis are the tools used to find out the current status and position of an organization or individual in relation to their external environment and current role. They can then be used as a basis for future planning and strategic management. PEST analysis is a concept in marketing principles. Moreover, this concept is used as a tool by companies to track the environment they’re operating in or are planning to launch a new project, product or service. PEST is a mnemonic which in its expanded form denotes P for Political, E for Economic, S for Social, T for Technological, L for Legal and E for Environmental. It gives a bird’s eye view of the whole environment from many different angles that one wants to check and keep a track of while contemplating on a certain idea/plan. A PEST analysis is often conducted prior to SWOT analysis. The data gathered in PEST analysis is used as the “external issues” in a SWOT analysis. A SWOT Analysis is a tool that identifies the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of an organization. Specifically, SWOT is a basic, straightforward...
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...An organisation’s success is influenced by factors operating in its internal and external environment; an organisation can increase its success by adopting strategies which manipulate these factors to its advantage. A successful organisation will not only understand existing factors but also forecast change, so that it can take advantage of change within the environments in which it operates. PEST and SWOT analysis are the tools used to find out the current status and position of an organization or individual in relation to their external environment and current role. They can then be used as a basis for future planning and strategic management. PEST analysis is a concept in marketing principles. Moreover, this concept is used as a tool by companies to track the environment they’re operating in or are planning to launch a new project, product or service. PEST is a mnemonic which in its expanded form denotes P for Political, E for Economic, S for Social, T for Technological, L for Legal and E for Environmental. It gives a bird’s eye view of the whole environment from many different angles that one wants to check and keep a track of while contemplating on a certain idea/plan. A PEST analysis is often conducted prior to SWOT analysis. The data gathered in PEST analysis is used as the “external issues” in a SWOT analysis. A SWOT Analysis is a tool that identifies the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of an organization. Specifically, SWOT is a basic, straightforward...
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...1 1 1 1 1 1 2 4 4 4 5 9 9 9 LIST OF FIGURES 1 2 3a 3b Outline of Environmental Impact Assessment Procedure in Malaysia Integrated Project Planning Concept Organisational Structure of EIA Report Processing and Approval Procedure at State Offices Organisational Structure of EIA Report Processing and Approval Procedure at the Department of Environment Headquarters Organisational Structure of Detailed EIA Report Processing and Approval Procedure LIST OF TABLES 1 2a 2b 2c Classification of Projects by Timing of EIA Report Submission (Project Planning Cycle) Summary of Activities Subject to Environmental Impact Assessment (Activities Defined by Quantum) Summary of Activities Subject to Environmental Impact Assessment (Activities Defined by Project Size) Summary of Activities Subject to Environmental Impact Assessment (Activities Not Defined by Unit of Measure) 3 4 4 5 3c 6 7 11 12 13 ii LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix 1 Environmental Quality Act, 1974 1985) Section 34a 2 Environmental Quality Act, 1974. Environmental Quality (Prescribed Activities) (Environmental Impact Assessment) Order 1987 Offices of the Department of Environment Page (Amendment, 14 16 21 3 iii I. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT What is Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)? EIA is a study to identify, predict,...
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...Environmental Pollution Strategy xxxxx Sci/256 August 28, 2013 xxxxxxx The rapid growth over the past decade has been economically positive for the city of Phoenix. With the increase in manufacturing, construction and jobs. Air and water pollution as well as loss of open spaces are putting stress on the infrastructure, natural resources, and beginning to affect the environment within the city and surrounding region. To correct these negative environmental impacts I propose the following: pollution control legislation, random emission testing, encouraging carpooling initiatives, and establish green spaces. Expense Budget Of the $18 Million allotted for measures to fix the pollution issue, only $14.9 Million will is needed to correct successfully the environmental issues. Below is the breakdown of solution and cost. |Solution |Expense: | |Pollution control legislation for point sources |$4.3 Million | |Random emission testing |$3.6 Million | |Establish green spaces |$4.2 Million | |Encourage carpooling ...
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...The article “Our E-Waste Problem Is Ridiculous, and Gadget Makers Aren’t Helping” by Christina Bonnington explains that the way we are recycling our gadgets can become very harmful to our environment. About 41.5 million tons of electronics just in the year of 2011 was turned to waste and the prediction by the year of 2016 is expected to be about 93.5 million tons. The author mentions in the article that Apple has tried to make most of retail stores to be powered off renewable energy. Apple use to make their products in a way where it was possible to renew the devices by changing out the batteries and helping the devices to where you could still use them rather than getting rid of them to buy a new one. Nowadays the devices that Apple has created...
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...Environmental Accounting Management Practices in Japan COURSE: INTERNATIONAL MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING(C31IM) MOHAMMED MUBEER.C HOO175198 Contents 1. Introduction: What is Environmental Management Accounting (EMA)? 3 1.1 Environmental Accounting 3 1.2 Environment-related Management Accounting 3 2. Environmental Accounting Management Practices in Japan 4 2.1 Japanese Government Initiatives on Environment Accounting 5 2.1.1 MOE Initiative 5 2.1.2 METI Initiative 6 2.2 Environmental Management Accounting Practices in Japanese Manufacturing Sites 7 3. Conclusion 8 Bibliography 10 1. Introduction: What is Environmental Management Accounting (EMA)? Organizations and the managers mainly believe that the environmental costs are not important for the business operations, however, it does not come to their mind that there are several production costs which do have vital environmental component. For example the purchase cost of raw materials or the unused portion which is emitted as waste is not considered to be environmentally related cost. By identifying as well as controlling these environmental costs, using Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) Systems, it can help environmental managers justify the cleaner production and along with this justify totally new methods of saving money as well as improving their environmental performance also at the same time (Magarinos, 2005) . Thus EMA can be defined as: “ EMA serves business managers in making capital...
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...COVENTRY UNIVERSITY AUSTON INSTITUTE Of Management Master of Business Administration IN ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT Quality And Environmental Management Systems (AUM 06 EMD) (Case Study) STUDENT NAME : Rituraj Saikia STUDENT ID : G1102894U LECTURER : Low Chin Yong WORDS : 3489 Table of Contents 1 Scope Of Environmental Management Strategy 3 1.1 The needs and expectations for development of an environment management strategy 3 1.2 The constraints under which the environmental strategy can be developed are identified 4 1.3 A clear and concise statement of environmental objectives 5 2 Determine Environmental Strategy Development Process 6 2.1 Principal stakeholders are identified 6 2.2 Stakeholders are consulted to obtain acceptance of the strategy development process 7 3 Identify Resources To Undertake Environmental Strategy Development 8 3.1 Resource requirements of the model/process adopted are identified in an accurate and comprehensive manner 8 3.2 Accurate detailed financial budgets are prepared within the scope of the strategy development 9 3.3 Human resource requirements for strategy developments: 9 3.4 Facilities and equipment needs for strategy developments are identified to ensure all requirements can be met on time 10 4 Identify Environmental Assets, Problems And Opportunities 10 4.1 Data are identified and collated in a comprehensive manner relevant to the scope and models accepted 10 4.2...
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...Experience of the 1st Semester Students of AIUB [pic] Experience of the 1st Semester Students of AIUB A report submitted to Ms. Sabrina Rahman, department of English, AIUB Prepared and Submitted by: Group: Optimistic (Section: T) Sanzana Sayeed Md. Monirul Khan S.M. Sabbir Imam Lutfun Nahar Pinak Nazmul Sakib Course Teacher Ms. Sabrina Rahman Department of English Date of Submission 08 December 2012 American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB) 08 December 2012 Ms. Sabrina Rahman Course Instructor, Department of English Faculty of AIUB Subject: Submission of report. Dear Madam, We take the pleasure to submit our report titled ‘Experience of The 1st Semester Students of AIUB.’ The report gave us the opportunity to know what kind of situations students of AIUB faced in the 1st semester. Every student starts their university life with lots of dreams. This is the most important turn for a student in his or her life. In the beginning they face lots of different situations which they have not faced before as each of them came from a different background. The study was based on the students of AIUB. This report studies the good or bad experiences of the 1st semester students in AIUB. This report would also help us to know whether AIUB succeeded or failed to fulfill the expectations of the students. Finally, we are truly grateful to you for giving us this pleasant opportunity to do this...
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...he STEEPLE analysis of the business environment of Samsung is part of the company’s strategic analysis for the medium and long term. The goal of this study is to assess the prospects of Samsung. Samsung is a global company in the consumer appliances and gadgets market. It started as a South Korean family-owned business but has earned acceptance around the globe now. Samsung is not happy with operating in the leading markets only. The recent expansion into new markets shows that it wants to cover as many countries as possible. STEEP analysis provides concentrated information which covers various aspects of the external environment. Like PEST and STEEP, it creates a snapshot of current socio-political reality. It also gives a better idea of the existing trends. The analysis below will give you an outline of Samsung’s overall situation. Samsung would consider all of these factors before taking a decision. The key focus of this article is on the external environmental drivers. The STEEPLE analysis will focus on the following 7 factors: Social, Technological, Economic, Environmental, Political, Legal, and Ethical. The initials for these make up the acronym STEEPLE. S FOR SOCIAL As I mentioned already, Samsung is a South Korean Chaebol. This means it is a family-owned multinational. Despite its global image, the firm still operates as a Korean company from within. For this reason, they change many aspects of global operations according to the local conditions. In simpler...
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...and relationships within an organization’s internal and external environment, helps in identifying the threats and opportunities in the environment. Internal and External analysis should be considered. In external analysis, three correlated external environmental variables that should be scanned, studied, and analyzed — * immediate / industry environment * national environment * broader socio-economic environment / macro-environment 2. According to Porter, what determines the level of competitive intensity in an industry? Michael Porter's analysis of industries captures the complexity of industry competition in five underlying forces. These are, Threat of Entry, Threat of Substitutes, Supplier Power, Buyer Power, and degree of Rivalry. 3. What should be scanned in the task environment? Task environment is actually another term for the industry environment. The four main components that exert influence in industry are: Suppliers, Competitors and potential substitutes, Potential entrants, and Buyers. These four are the most important component that should be scanned in the task environment. 4. Discuss how a development in a corporation’s societal environment can affect the corporation through its task environment. 5. How can managers identify external strategic factors? a. Environmental uncertainty b. Issues priority matrix c. New entrants d. Entry barriers e. Rivalry f. Substitute products g. Bargaining power of buyers...
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...and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families and population. Metaparadigm is defined as the broadest perspective of a discipline. Metaparadigms of nursing describes the person, health and illness, nursing and the environment. A person is defined by the ANA as the patient, their families, the population that they are from and the community in which they live. It is treating the person as a whole and just an individual. The environment plays an important role in their well being. It is their surrounding, their situation at home, their economical status and culture. Health is the goal of the care that we as nurses provide for individuals. It is a state of well being. "Health is one inevitable dimension of a person's life" (Roy 1898) Nursing is the direct care and the experience that the individual receives. It is teaching our patients about their illnesses, medications, procedures and life style changes. It is the relationship between the individual and the nurse. "Nursing contributes to health, the quality of life and dying with dignity" (Roy 2009) References Conceptual Foundations of Nursing: the bridge to Professional Nursing Practice, 5th edition, 2011. Joan L. Creasia and Elizabeth E. Friberg Drexel.com/Nursing 3rd September 2014 http:www.Nursing World.org/functional menu categories/FAQ.aspx My interpretation of nursing as defined by the ANA is that we as nurses are responsible for treating our patient as a whole and not just...
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...------------------------------------------------- RECREATIONAL AND SUSTAINABLE RIVERFRONT COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT IN WANGAG RIVER FOR GONZAGA CAGAYAN IN PARTIAL FULLFILLMET TO THE REQUIREMENTS IN THESIS RESEARCH Submitted to: ------------------------------------------------- Instructor ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Submitted by: Carlo Niel F. Ordillo Ar 511, First Semester, SY-2014-15 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION The Municipality of Gonzaga has a beautiful spot which is the famous “Wanagag River” the cleanest river in the region 2 and a consistent finalist in the National search for the cleanest inland body of waters, they decided to develop the area to promote it locally and nationally because of it site potential. The municipality of Gonzaga is a 1st class income municipality with a population of 36, 303 and have a total land area of 56, 743 has. and has IRA (Internal Revenue Allotment) of 89, 654, 247 pesos. In accordance with the MPDC (Municipal Planning Department Council) of Gonzaga, designate the area as “General Urban Area” and “Leisure Area” with a “Major Open Space” designation applying to the Wangag River and a “Natural Features” applying to two large woodlots, in short a riverfront/waterfront community development. Water is one of the most important of all the natural resources necessary to ensure human health and civilization. In general, a waterfront...
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...more than 80 locations serving 58 million customers. (HSBC Group, 2013). External environment are the factors and forces outside the organisation which affect the organisation’s performance (Robbins, Bergman, Stagg, Coulter, 2009). The business environment is comprised of a set of relationships between agents or stakeholders in the environment – relationships that are changed by individual decisions taken (Mason, 2007). As HSBC operates internationally, its external environment is complex and due to the nature of the industry, the environment is turbulent and instable. The specific environment is the external factors that directly impact on manager’s decisions and relevant to the organisation. The general environment is the broader external factors that influence an organisation, but less influential and direct than specific environment (Robbins et al., 2009). To illustrate, macro factors are economic conditions and technological changes whereas operating factors are unions and competitors. It is important for managers to realize and react to these factors because they can be opportunities or threats to the organisation. Managers should accept the fact that the world is rapidly changing and they have to work towards these changes as there are direct impacts on their managerial roles. External Environment Analysis External environment refers to forces and institutions outside the organisation that can potentially affect...
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