...modern economic development in East Asia? The rise of Asia’s so called “Tiger” economies followed by China, has given rise to the spectrum of a distinctly East Asian economic development model. The pioneering economic success of in particular, Singapore, South Korea and Japan since the 1970’s has highlighted the need to evaluate and distinguish how such economies achieved such successive growth. A variety of possible factors can explain or highlight possibilities for the successive development of East Asia. A particularly unique factor that has to be taken into account is Confucianism. The interplay between culture and development can help explain how in particular Japan and South Korea, which were relatively closed societies, have risen to attain the status of newly industrialized countries. This essay will investigate and evaluate, through the presentation of arguments and examples, the extent to which Confucianism has influenced modern economic development in East Asia. This will be achieved by firstly providing a working definition of Confucianism; then locating its positive impact within a broader debate concerning a distinctly Asian development model; investigating and analyzing the challenges presented by Confucianism in the economic development of East Asia; evaluating both the negative and positive implications of Confucianism in East Asian economies and finally assessing to what extent Confucianism has played a role in the development of East Asia’s economies. Confucianism...
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...Points to know on East Asia Physical geography Topography – where is the Tibetan Plateau, how did it form, why is Japan mountainous and why does it have numerous earthquakes and volcanoes? Tibetan plateau in western china, highest in the world, created by collision of Indian and Asian tectonic plates. Collision of Eurasian plate and pacific plate, and Philippine plate collide between oceanic and continental plate. On the leading edge of the Eurasian plate Climate – what kind of climate characterizes this region, which ends of China are drier/wetter, warmer/colder? Temperate country like the US. Much wetter on the east, western like deserts. Colder in the north, hotter in the south. South more rain(subtropical) Forests – how much of this region has been deforested and why is this the case, where are the remaining forests? Eastern China deforested for farming. Remaining forests- Scattered all over Deserts – where are China’s deserts located and why are they there? Dryer desserts in the west, mostly grasslands. Taklamakan desert. Gobi desert Rivers – what are China’s two main rivers, what have they been used for in the past, what problems do they create, what is the Three Gorges Dam and what it is supposed to do? Yellow, Yangtea . Past used for transportation and irrigation. Problems, Floods ruin population on the banks of river. Grand Canal from north to south (bejing to Hangzhou). Three gorges dam, world’s largest dam for flood control and provide electricity...
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...During the period 1400-1900, the region of East Asia underwent some dramatic changes economically and socially, while remaining mainly the same from a political aspect. From 1400-1900, the region of East Asia saw in a increase in imports from Western nations while experiencing an increase in industrialization. Also during this span of time, the region saw an end to strict and oppressive social hierarchies. Although the region experienced such changes, it remained characterized by strong central governments battling internal rebellions and external threats and maintained its strong roots of the early religion/ideology of Confucianism. ! From 1400-1900, East Asia experienced an increase in imports from Western nations while undergoing the process of industrialization. In Japan, the annual average of silk production increased by approximately 6000 tons between 1868-1899. Coal, used for industrial steamships and railroads, production increased from .6 million metric tons in 1875 to 5 metric tons by 1895(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_Restoration). We see such increases in industrialization because the Japanese elite initiated economic reforms under the Meiji Restoration in order to industrialize Japan in hopes of catching up to more dominant Western countries that were dominating the world politically and economically. During this period we also see an increase in East Asian trade with Western nations. In China, we see an increase in opium imports from Britain. This change occurs...
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...gender, ethnicity, religion, caste, family and kinship arrangements, or other indices of social differentiation, to fully appreciate the complex history of Asia.’ The area known to us as Asia sits on the eastern side of the landmass of Eurasia and is the largest continent, encompassing a staggering 17 million square miles. Asia is home to a variety of cultures, religions, governments and mindsets, giving it a wide base for a complex history involving largely different groups of people. These different groups, or ethnicities, all formed their own histories over time, which when combined together give Asia more than one past, they arise into an intricate and comprehensive history fashioned by a diversity of experiences. Therefore, there is no ‘single’ Asian past; we must delve into each single experience to gain insight into the prolific and wide ranging history that gathers under the one banner of ‘Asia’. Each country within Asia has its own geographic links to other nations and cultures. These links were expanded on by exploration, trade routes and missionary ventures. These vital networks allowed cultural influences to travel from country to country, resulting in each nation in Asia receiving different influences from the next. In turn, this led to widespread variety amongst individual countries. These networks were invaluable to allow the able interaction of cultures, and formed the groundwork for a history of communication. Each society within Asia was built on and...
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...prostration I rubbed my forehead on the mat until it became raw (Eteraz 41).” At a very young age Abir was very devoted to his faith. He trained himself to pray faithfully every day. He paid special attention to every detail that went into prayer in order to prove his devotion. It is common among individuals of the Islamic faith to spend their life proving their devotion to Allah. Muslims are known for maintaining their faith through strict practices and without reserve. Their conviction is their strength. Although Muslims maintain a strict pious lifestyle, this may also be their weakness. They spend a great deal of their time devoting themselves to their faith and rejecting anything secular that may contradict their religion. They avoid conversations or situations that are not within...
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...Chapter 4 Notes 1. The region of East Asia is unique in several ways: 1) there is very little ethnic diversity; 2) there is very little language diversity; and 3) neither Christianity nor Islam are prominent religions here. 2. Depending upon who is doing the counting, East Asia is the first or second most populous region. The statistics in your book (from mid-2008) has East Asia as the most populous region, but by 2025, your book estimates the South Asia region will have more people. The region’s population continues to grow but at a slow rate. Japan’s population is declining rather than growing. 3. The region’s population is strongly concentrated in its eastern regions. 4. China is the nation-state with the world’s largest population – over 1.3 billion currently. China is equally rural and urban, but urbanization is moving forward at a rapid rate. 5. China has some large population cities, but Tokyo in Japan has the largest urban population in both this region and the world. 6. China is a very old nation-state and is approximately the same size as the USA in area. 7. Politically, this region includes 2 Communist nation-states – China and North Korea, and a former Communist nation-state – Mongolia. While China retains a Communist government it has adopted a free market (capitalist) economy. 8. Japan has had a democratic government since WWII ended. Prior to and during WWII the Japanese developed a colonial empire that included much of this region...
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...Introduction Throughout the years, Asia has been flooded all sorts of ideologies, which has manifested within every Asian souls thus influencing their everyday behaviour in life. The Western people have been studying the ideologies of Asia, which they refer to as “oriental ideology”. Oriental is connotation of or the characteristic of the bio-geographic region including southern Asia and the Malay Archipelago as far as the Philippines, Borneo and Java (http://lookwayup.com). It is the same as “Asian” and “Eastern”. For people of South and East Asian ancestry the term ‘Asian’ is preferred to ‘Oriental’. According to http://education.yahoo.com, Asian is now strongly preferred in place of Oriental for persons native to Asia or descended from an Asian people. The real problem with Oriental is more likely its connotations stemming from an earlier era when Europeans viewed the regions east of the Mediterranean as exotic lands full of romance and intrigue, the home of despotic empires and inscrutable customs. Orientalism is the study of Near and Far Eastern societies and cultures, languages and peoples by Western scholars. It can also refer to the imitation or depiction of aspects of Eastern cultures in the West by writers, designers and artists. The hubs of strong traditions that are easily visible lie in East Asia. The following countries are commonly seen as located in geographically East Asia: People's Republic of China (China), Hong Kong and Macau (a special administrative region...
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...CHAPTER 2 Europeans on the Margin: Missionaries and Indigenous Response in East Asia QUESTION FOR DISCUSSION 1. Describe the approach of the Jesuit missionaries in China and Japan to convert these peoples to Christianity. When the Portuguese sea-captain, Vasco da Gama, introduced a new route to East Asia rounded the Cape of Good Hope, he marked the entrance of early modern Europeans in the maritime world of Asia. The Europeans were interested in spice trades and other luxury goods such as silk and textiles. The Portuguese, Spaniards and Italian people also brought Christian missionaries through this famous sea route. The Jesuit missionaries remade their own religion and cultural habits to suit the needs of the Japanese and Chinese. They hoped that this would increase the number of East Asian converts. In China the missionaries approached by emulate Chinese Confucian elite. They were also dressing and wearing their hair in the Confucian style, but there were few converts. The Jesuit missionaries used a similar method to convert the Japanese. They dressed in kimonos and took the Japanese cultural to other factors, which led to several more conventions than China. 2. How were the Jesuit missionaries in making Christian converts in Japan and China? The Jesuit missionaries were impacted as much of not more than the cultures they entered. They came to identify with the culture and way of the life of their hosts, but were themselves converted to the host culture. Some...
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...wouldn't be a problem (Japan took Taiwan away). Tibet wouldn't be a problem (Britain tried to take it away and combine it with its Indian colony, it led to today's problems in Tibet and Britain and India backing the Tibetan separatists). Xinjiang wouldn't be a problem (weak Chinese government due to foreign invasion led to Xinjiang's separatist activities to build East Turkestan which eventually led to terrorism in this province.) Mongolia would still be part of China (Russia backed Outer Mongolia into independence, leaving China with only Inner Mongolia.) Part of the Siberia would still be China. (Part of Siberia used to be Chinese territory but fell to Russian invasions) China was forced in years to pay enormous amount of silver to the western powers, especially Britain and France, which funded the western industrialization and economic boom and greatly destroyed the Chinese economy, millions died in hunger. China's fall led to its lost of political and cultural influence in east and central Asia. Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Thailand, Philippines, Kazakhstan, etc, all turned away. Western cultural moved into East Asia. On cultural level: Chinese cultural and art no longer had great influence worldwide. Westerner people started to appreciate their own culture and art, Japan turned completely western. People started to appreciate western stuff more than Chinese, from culture, to art, to fashion, to ideology, to everything. Chinese were discriminated throughout the whole world...
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...21st Century Asia and its Place in Our Globalized World Student’s Name University Affiliation. After many years of the Cold war that induced consistency, Asia today is quickly changing into something new and very unrecognizable to the world. To be specific the term “ Asia” has entirely lost its clarity. As a result of an unrest in interchanges and the excited pace of globalization, parts of Asia that have customarily been recognized by their geology; East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, Central Asia, tend to increasingly obscure and merge. Advancements fit as a fiddle the systems of inaccessible states in an alternate with a phenomenal rate. This new "Asia" truly clears from the Pacific to Russia's western outskirt and from the Arctic to the Indian Ocean. In addition, Asia’s rise is transforming the world. This is a defining feature of the 21stcentury - the Asian Century. These developments have significant ramifications for individuals all the place. Asia’s extraordinary has significantly affected Australia’s economy, society and the strategic environment as a whole. Before turning into an autonomous country, India was under the principle of the British Empire. The British utilized their impact to delete the traditions of India and force their society and ethical quality. The Indians, be that it was hard to review their community. Many threw away their " old courses" of polytheistic...
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...Business Perspective Assignment | | | Vibhor GargPGDM- Marketing CommunicationRoll No.: 56 | LIST OF CONTENTS | Topics | Page No | 1. | Why Zara? | 2 | 2.2.12.22.32.4 | OverviewBackgroundBeginningGlobal ExpansionsFinancials | 22222 | 3. | Brand Positioning | 3 | 4.4.14.24.34.4 | PEST AnalysisPoliticalEconomicSocio-CulturalTechnological | 33344 | 5.5.15.25.35.4 | SWOT AnalysisStrengthsWeaknessOpportunitiesThreats | 44556 | 6.6.16.26.3 | Business Strategies5 P’s of MarketingPorter Five Force analysisMaslow’s Hierarchy | 77810 | 7. | Recommendations | 11 | 1. WHY ZARA? “People will stare, make it worthwhile”. According to me this is the most apt quote for fashion, clothing. Designer clothes are meant for this sole purpose only and yes, the feel good factor follows. I had dreamt of becoming a fashioner designer during my school days. But due to social stigma I ended up being an engineer and now an mba aspirant. So now instead of designing clothes, I’m studying what makes clothing brand a successful brand. From childhood, I have been a brand hungry person and this has developed a curiosity in me as to how and what makes me want these brands. There are many clothing brands which I have been loyal to but for my individual assignment I have chosen Zara, as it is the new sensation in the market. Being a shopaholic my self I love the brand as they really have a great collection. 2. OVERVIEW 2.1 Background Zara is a flagship brand of...
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...Asian Studies and International Relations. Considering both traditional and contemporary times, it seeks to place Asia’s diverse cultures in a global context. It examines issues such as how to define Asia, how Asian states related to each other, and how Western ideas of international relations have transformed these relations. The unit has two strands, each considering a set of ideas. First it examines the great religions/philosophies of Asian societies – Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Christianity and Confucianism – have influenced them. It then considers international relations theory and how theories can help us understand the complexities of Asian states’ relations with each other and the wider world. Credit point value 10 Pre-requisites Nil Co-requisites Nil Unit/s incompatible with and not to be counted for credit Nil Unit level 1 Assumed knowledge None Attendance requirements Attendance below 80% at tutorials without due cause may constitute grounds for failure. Non-attendance in tutorials for illness or misadventure or other reasons should be documented and submitted to the unit coordinator upon return. Enrolment restrictions Nil Unit learning outcomes Students who successfully complete this unit will be able to: • identify of the diversity and complexity of Asia; • explain the social manifestations and international political impact of Islam, Hinduism, Christianity, Buddhism and Confucianism in an Asian context; • evaluate the balance between continuity...
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...that India has been able to become more influential both in the surrounding regions and the world at large. This was mainly anchored on its ‘look east policy’ initiated in the early 1990s that saw the country focus on the East Asia and Pacific regions as an economic framework for expanding ties and promoting economic growth. With the new expanded strategic vision – “Look East” policy 2, India has broadened the definition of its security interest in its strategic economic endeavors. It is generally seen that India’s partnership with ASEAN have had an impact on India’s economic, political, and security related involvement ‘in these larger, concentric coalitions around ASEAN…in East Asia and in the Asian Pacific’ (Gujral, 1996, p. 12). The look east policy has integrated a larger regionalization framework and strategy encompassing the Asia Pacific issues (Scott, 2007). WE ARE TECHNOLOGY THESIS EXPERTS! ORDER NOW! WWW.UKESSAYHUB.COM The Indians-ASEAN links do not only have economic frameworks but strategic underpinnings as well. As Scot (2007) has indicated, china has been a factor in all of the India’s initiatives albeit blurred in economic progressions. Some analysts have argued that the growing Chinese economic and military influence in Asia has been the anchorage on the basis of which the strategic molding of ‘look East Policy’ was structured. India’s continued influence has therefore been viewed as providing ‘a balance’ to Chinas growing influence in the region...
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...State Sovereignty and Regional * Institutionalism in the Asia Pacific Shaun Narine Working Paper No. 41, March 2005 * A revised version of the paper is scheduled to be published in The Pacific Review later this year. Recent Titles in the Working Paper Series No. 28 The Revolution in Military Affairs and Its Impact on Canada: The Challenge and the Consequences, by Andrew Richter, March 1999. No. 29 Law, Knowledge and National Interests in Trade Disputes: The Case of Softwood Lumber, by George Hoberg and Paul Howe, June 1999. No. 30 Geopolitical Change and Contemporary Security Studies: Contextualizing the Human Security Agenda, by Simon Dalby, April 2000. No. 31 Beyond the Linguistic Analogy: Norm and Action in International Politics, by Kai Alderson, May 2000. No. 32 The Changing Nature of International Institutions: The Case of Territoriality, by Kalevi J. Holsti, November 2000. No. 33 South Asian Nukes and Dilemmas of International Nonproliferation Regimes, by Haider K. Nizamani, December 2000. No. 34 Tipping the Balance: Theatre Missile Defence and the Evolving Security Relations in Northeast Asia, by Marc Lanteigne, January 2001. No. 35 Between War and Peace: Religion, Politics, and Human Rights in Early Cold War Canada, 1945-1950, by George Egerton, February 2001. No. 36 From Avignon to Schleswig and Beyond: Sovereignty and Referendums, by Jean Laponce, June 2001. No. 37 Advancing Disarmament in the Face of Great Power Reluctance: The Canadian Constitution...
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...Praxis Based Learning Objectives: 1. Surrender of teleological proclivities in order to learn an Asian based pedagogy. In my opinion, this was the hardest objective for you to learn. You grew up with your ways that mom and dad taught you saying to never let anyone change whom you are. You could say you’re fairly stuck in your ways. I would say you finally were able to surrender your teleological proclivities on the last day of class. When Guru started “cheering” for you in the fight against Rama on the second to last day, that is the moment in which you let go. You felt honed in on the moment and didn’t think about what you were doing or the actions you were performing; you just did it. Guru said you had “tunnel vision” in that instant, and you felt the dance take you over. In the final dance, you again went “in the zone” and let the motions happen. With the constant sounds of “sir, tit, pong, tit” various forms of “cha,” you were about to solely focus on Rama and ignore the rest, just as you listen to Eminem before a big race. You must learn to let go of your proclivities sooner so you can enjoy life to the fullest. You must let go predispositions in order to learn from experiences and mistakes. 2. Preparation for stage and social performance through meditation, stretching, and trance in dance. As you wiped the floors daily did you pay attention to the different floor patterns? Next time take a look. Warning, you might get hypnotized by some. Everyday I reflected...
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