...BSB113 Economics Summer 2015 Assessment 2: Research summary Submission date THURSDAY 14 TH JANUARY 3.00PM THROUGH SAFE ASSIGN VIA THE BSB113 BLACKBOARD WEBSITE (SEE BB ASSESSMENT 2 FOLDER FOR DETAIL) Please note that you are only required to submit an e-copy of your work through SafeAssign via the BSB113 Blackboard website. NOT ASSIGNMENT MINDER This document contains important information about your assessment. You will need to read it carefully to understand what is required. In addition to reading this document you are strongly advised to read the “Frequently asked Questions about Assessment 2” document (refer to the Assessment 2 folder on Blackboard). Background You are currently volunteering for Cancer Council Australia providing part time administration support for them at a local office. During a well-earned tea break a discussion ensues about the effectiveness of government policies aimed at reducing tobacco smoking. The discussion touches on ways of reducing smoking including a tax on cigarettes, a ban on advertising, plain paper covering for cigarette packs and shocking TV adverts depicting images of smokers with cancer associated with smoking cigarettes. You remember that your lecturer in BSB113 had spoken about cigarette taxes. You say that your lecturer had mentioned that the evidence is that taxes are fairly successful at reducing smoking and that in Australia overall rates of smoking have been declining for a number of years. Someone...
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...Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report Ontario Tobacco Research Unit November 2012 Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report Suggested Citation: Ontario Tobacco Research Unit. Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report. Toronto: Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, Special Report, November 2012. Ontario Tobacco Research Unit ii Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report Acknowledgements Many people were involved in the preparation of this report. Key authors are Robert Schwartz, Shawn O’Connor, Alexey Babayan, Maritt Kirst, and Jolene Dubray. Marilyn Pope, David Ip, Pamela Kaufman, and Marian Smith provided editorial comments on an earlier draft and Sonja Johnston provided production assistance. The interpretation and opinions expressed in this report are the responsibility of the Principal Investigators of the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit (OTRU): Susan Bondy, University of Toronto K. Stephen Brown, University of Waterloo Joanna Cohen, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, University of Toronto Roberta Ferrence, University of Toronto, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health John M. Garcia, University of Waterloo Paul McDonald, University of Waterloo Robert Schwartz, University of Toronto, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Peter Selby, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Ontario Tobacco Research Unit iii Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report Table of Contents Acknowledgements...
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...Living a long, thriving and healthy life is a vision many Americans strive to make a reality. Unfortunately, many are deprived of that dream because of smoking and tobacco use. It is estimated that approximately 16 million Americans suffer from a disease as a result of smoking in addition to the one in five deaths that occur annually from smoking (Smoking & Tobacco Use, 2014). The purpose of this paper is to describe the population affected by smoking, summarize the attributes of two successful health advocacy programs and develop a successful health advocacy campaign for smoking. Smoking and the Affected Population Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable deaths in the nation (Smoking & Tobacco Use, 2014). There are many reasons that an individual chooses to partake in tobacco use including stress and peer pressure. In 2012, with an estimated 42.1 million Americans aged 18 years or older, approximately 18% of the adult population was cigarette smokers (Smoking & Tobacco Use, 2014). Aside from adult users, it is estimated that more than 3,200 adolescents smoke their first cigarette on a daily basis (Smoking & Tobacco Use, 2014). According to the 2012 Surgeon General’s Report, approximately 9 out of 10 smokers initiate smoking by the age of 18, and 99% will begin smoking by the age of 26 (Cigarette Smoking, 2014). Many people, regardless of age, race or socioeconomic status, interact daily with a tobacco user. Tobacco users tend to fail to realize...
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...M A K I N G Y O U R W O R K P L A C E S M O K E F R E E A D E C I S I O N G U I D E M A K E R ’ S M A K I N G Y O U R W O R K P L A C E S M O K E F R E E A D E C I S I O N G U I D E M A K E R ’ S U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Office on Smoking and Health Wellness Councils of America American Cancer Society PREFACE As scientific evidence documenting the health hazards posed by environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) continues to mount, workplace decision makers have more reason than ever to protect employees from exposure to ETS on the job. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency concluded in January 1993 that each year ETS kills an estimated 3,000 adult nonsmokers from lung cancer and that the workplace is a significant source of ETS. In a recent study, nonsmoking employees exposed to ETS at work but not at home had significantly higher levels of a nicotine metabolite in their blood than did nonsmoking workers with no work or home exposure to ETS. Levels of exposure to ETS are lowest in smokefree workplaces. Even before these recent studies were available, the U.S. Surgeon General had determined in 1986 that ETS is a cause of disease, including lung cancer, in otherwise healthy nonsmokers. The Surgeon General also reported that the simple separation of smokers and nonsmokers within the same airspace may reduce, but does not eliminate, the exposure of nonsmokers to ETS. In 1991, the National Institute of Occupational...
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...Research Summary Research Summary BSB113 BSB113 Tutor: Thamarasi Kularatne Tutor: Thamarasi Kularatne Student Number: N9138587 Student Number: N9138587 Carson Ly Carson Ly Due Date: September 26 2014 ndjdcjjdjdj2012012222014 Due Date: September 26 2014 ndjdcjjdjdj2012012222014 Smoking is recognised as the largest single preventable cause of death and disease in Australia. It is associated with an increased risk of heart disease, stroke, cancer, emphysema, bronchitis, asthma, renal disease and eye disease. Tobacco contains the powerfully addictive stimulant nicotine, which can make smoking a regular and long-term habit that is not easy to quit (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2014). Statistics show that there is a tobacco-related death about every 28 minutes in Australia, adding up to more than 50 deaths each day (Australian Government, 2012). While death is the major issue of smoking, there are also other issues, such as; the economic cost of smoking and also the rate of smoking. Research shows that the average price for cigarettes in February 2000, was $10.23 and in February 2012 the price had risen by 126%, therefore the average price being $23.10 (Scollo & Winstanley, 2012). The price of cigarettes is one of three major economic costs, the other factors proven to be an economic risk are healthcare and lost earnings due to premature death. Australian people are spending money on a product that does not benefit them in any way possible,...
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...Tobacco Prevention and Control Coalition Narrative-Form Needs Assessment Outline FY2014 Coalition Name: Wichita TPCC Submission Date: July 15, 2014 Part I – Geographic / Target Population and Coalition Overview 1. Provide an overview of the target area, including geographic boundaries, zip codes, counties, etc. Wichita County is described as an urban community with a population of 130,835; with a total area of 606 square miles, the county is comprised of the cities of Burkburnett, Electra, Iowa Park and Wichita Falls, which is the county seat. Wichita Falls is the principle city of the Wichita Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses all of Archer, Clay and Wichita Counties and is the highest population area with in sixteen counties. Wichita County borders the State of Oklahoma, and includes Sheppard Air Force Base, Midwestern State University and Vernon College. Above is a map with county boundaries and zip codes. Our target area are the towns of Burkburnett, Electra, Iowa Park and Wichita Falls. 2. Provide demographic information about the target community. According to the US Census Bureau American Community Survey from 2007-2011, Wichita County has a total population of 130,835, which is comprised of 51.3% male and 49.7% female. The median age is 34.1 years, with 8% of those being between the ages of 15 and 19; 7% are under 5 years of age. The race composure is as follows: White (80.6%), Black or African American (10.7%), American Indian and...
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...THE PATH TO TOBACCO ADDICTION STARTS AT VERY YOUNG AGES Lifetime smoking and other tobacco use almost always begins by the time kids graduate from high school.1 Young kids’ naïve experimentation frequently develops into regular smoking, which typically turns into a strong addiction—well before the age of 18—that can overpower the most well-intentioned efforts to quit. Any efforts to decrease future tobacco use levels among high school students, college-aged youths or adults must include a focus on reducing experimentation and regular tobacco use among teenagers and pre-teens. How Early Do Kids Try Smoking? Every day more than 2,800 kids under 18 try smoking for the first time.2 Though very little data about smoking is regularly collected for kids under 12, the peak years for first trying to smoke appear to be in the sixth and seventh grades (or between the ages of 11 and 13), with a considerable number starting even earlier.3 In 2013, nearly five percent of eighth grade students reported having had their first cigarette by the end of fifth grade (ages 10 to 11), and 14.8 percent had tried smoking by the end of eighth grade. More than one-fourth (28.7%) of twelfth grade students reported having used cigarettes by the end of tenth grade.4 A 2013 nationwide survey found that nearly one in ten high school students (9.3%) had smoked at least one whole cigarette before the age of 13.5 The 2014 nationwide Monitoring the Future Study reports that more than one out of every three twelfth...
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...the Docket 1. Comments Submitting Research on FDA’s Proposed Required Warnings 2. Other Comments D. Selected Images 1. ‘‘WARNING: Cigarettes are addictive’’ 2. ‘‘WARNING: Tobacco smoke can harm your children’’ 3. ‘‘WARNING: Cigarettes cause fatal lung disease’’ 4. ‘‘WARNING: Cigarettes cause cancer’’ 5. ‘‘WARNING: Cigarettes cause strokes and heart disease’’ 6. ‘‘WARNING: Smoking during pregnancy can harm your baby’’ 7. ‘‘WARNING: Smoking can kill you’’ 8. ‘‘WARNING: Tobacco smoke causes fatal lung disease in nonsmokers’’ 9. ‘‘WARNING: Quitting smoking now greatly reduces serious risks to your health’’ 10. Image for Advertisements With a Small Surface Area E. Non-Selected Images 1. ‘‘WARNING: Cigarettes are addictive’’ 2. ‘‘WARNING: Tobacco smoke can harm your children’’ 3. ‘‘WARNING: Cigarettes cause fatal lung disease’’ 4. ‘‘WARNING: Cigarettes cause cancer’’ 5. ‘‘WARNING: Cigarettes cause strokes and heart disease’’ 6. ‘‘WARNING: Smoking during pregnancy can harm your baby’’ 7. ‘‘WARNING: Smoking can kill you’’ 8. ‘‘WARNING: Tobacco smoke causes fatal lung disease in nonsmokers’’ 9. ‘‘WARNING: Quitting smoking now greatly reduces serious risks to your health’’ 10. Image for Advertisements With a Small Surface Area IV. Comments Regarding Textual Warning Statements A. Changes to Textual Warning Statements B. Attribution to the Surgeon General C. Foreign Language Translations V. Description of the Final Rule...
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...Caring for populations Tuwain Kolleh Chamberlain College of Nursing NR443-Community Health Professor Deborah Long November 25,2014 Introduction Often people forget that the community in which they live in plays a vital role on their lifestyle. Your community may influence you on how you experience others culture, it may predispose you to certain illnesses and crimes due to location. It may influence you to think big and want better for your future and your children’s future base on the people you are surrounded by. Communities sometimes influence its member’s careers paths base on merely the need of that community. The purpose of this paper is to assess the community of Stapleton, its demographic, needs and issues both health/wellness as well as interventions that may need to be implemented to improve the community. The windshield survey will also be discussed in this paper. Community Stapleton is a middle to low class neighborhood located in the heart of Staten Island close to St. Gorge Ferry. Stapleton is a diverse community that is very rich in culture. It is highly populated by African immigrants, African Americans, Hispanic’s, Albanians, Italians and few SRI Lankan’s. It consists of middle to low-income families. This area is great for new homebuyers as homes in this area are very affordable however many of its residents live in public housing complexes. Buses are easily accessible as there are five to six bus lines running throughout the community. Unfortunately...
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...Stifle Business Owners Smoking Preference Smoking related issues has become a very controversial topic. Some people may agree that cigarette smoking should be regulated while others may think that it is an individual’s choice to smoke wherever or whenever they want to. This makes smoking cigarettes an arguable topic. United States (U.S.) legislators, state governments, and local authorities have been increasingly restricting where consumers can smoke. Legislation has been further limiting smoking in public places which is causing businesses to lose customers. While it is plausible to control smoking in some industries, business owners of strictly adult only enterprises should be allowed to decide whether smoking or nonsmoking preferences help their business to be profitable. Lawmakers that have banned widespread smoking in communities may not understand the economic impact on businesses that depend solely on adult patrons. For many years, there were no regulations against smoking tobacco products. This allowed the tobacco industry to cash in on the profitable commodity. Smoking became a status symbol. “From the beginning of the 20th century, society[->0] considered smoking fashionable and a status symbol” (Zilli). However, by the 1990s, “The World Health Organization (WHO), seeing smoking as the most preventable cause of ill health worldwide, edged in 1994 a little closer to its objective of a smoke-free world” ("Tobacco"). Arguments that support smoking bans include health concerns...
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...health domain to use the framework. This framework should be used in conjunction with health promotion audit tools and other health promotion resources available in the NT, such as the Public Health Bush Books and the Quality Improvement Program Planning System (QIPPS). It is also designed to be used as a guide, together with other local, regional and national frameworks, policies, strategies and resources. Why Health Promotion? The World Health Organisation (WHO) acknowledges the growing evidence that health promotion and preventive health approaches are effective in improving overall health and wellbeing, reducing the burden of chronic disease and injury, addressing health inequities, facilitating the better use of resources and enhancing economic productivity.1 2 3 4 Striking a balance between investments in a health promoting approach that addresses the increasing burden to the healthcare system of preventable chronic conditions and investments that increases the level of expenditure in treatment services is a major component of health system reform. It is particularly important to utilise key performance indicators and...
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...Advanced Information Management and the Application of Technology Western Governors University Adam Culbertson A. New Information Management System Implementation of a computer system to replace paper documentation would require the involvement of an interdisciplinary team. This team would be comprised of several members, each with a specific job. The first member selected would be a Clinical Nurse Informaticist. This team member would be charged with giving valuable input on the software needed for nurses to properly care for and chart on their patients. With the knowledge of nursing practice and informatics, this team member would very valuable in bringing the two together in the most efficient way possible. The next team member would also be from the IT department. A Director of Clinical Informatics would be chosen for this project. The Director of Clinical Informatics play a vital role in the project because of the knowledge of current hospital technology, upgrades that may be needed, software that is available, and regulations for patient privacy. A Chief Nursing Information team member would in charge of researching what each department needs in a software system. With each unit being different in charting needs and the flow of the unit, this team member would be very important and work closely with the Clinical Nurse Informaticist. These two team members would work closely with nursing staff to ensure everyone becomes competent with the system once it is in...
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...whole nation. The empowered section of women is popular since they contribute to an increase in health and productivity of the family and community in respective prospects of the next generation. The concept has been in the application, in the Millennium Development Goal, as an agenda, where the countries did aim at eliminating gender disparities in education before year 2015. The countries also did believe that achievement of this goal would lead to subsequent achievement of the rest of the goals. Contrary to all these concerns, the concept of gender equality has led to unequal issues in the society after extreme concentration on one gender. Some of the methods are in clear illustration in the two articles on the description. Article 1 summary The article is under the Bankrate.com Publishers. It title is Bridging the pay gap between the gender. In this article, the author is concerned of the pay gap that still exists among men and women. The gap is often in many times overlooked, or used as a factor of determining the success in women. Source of data from United States Bureau of Labor Statistics reveals the facts, through the statistics demonstrating the women’s median weekly earnings did shoot at 80% in comparison with men. It demonstrates a great improvement from the previous indicator, which did reveal that women made 62% what men did make. Moreover, the article also reveals of information from Catalyst, which is a non-profit corporate...
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...mainly of urban development with homes and commercial properties close together. Cities like Choctaw, Oklahoma have a small downtown area but the homes are mostly spread out with approximately 1 acre lots. There is a large variety and diversity within the boundaries of Oklahoma County. Summary of Tools, Description of Community, & Interpretation of Collected Data The tool in which I used to assess the community were Population Economic Status Assessment, Disaster Assessment and Planning, Neighborhood/Community Safety Inventory, Cultural Assessment, Community and Population Health Windshield Survey, and Community and Population Health Scavenger Hunt. From the tool it helped me discover different aspects of the community and identify common health problems. The race diversity in Oklahoma County is quite large and prevalent depending on what part of the community you are in. Some parts of the community are ethnically segregated, whereas others parts race does not matter and they were segregated at a poverty level depending on you wealth. For example the City of Choctaw was a upper class community but consisted of multiple races. Population Economic Status Based on the population economic status assessment, Oklahoma County, Oklahoma has approximately 750,000 residents. The average income is around...
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...Behaviour change: individual approaches Issued: January 2014 NICE public health guidance 49 guidance.nice.org.uk/ph49 NICE has accredited the process used by the Centre for Public Health Excellence at NICE to produce guidance. Accreditation is valid for 5 years from January 2010 and applies to guidance produced since April 2009 using the processes described in NICE's 'Methods for the development of NICE public health guidance' (2009). More information on accreditation can be viewed at www.nice.org.uk/ accreditation © NICE 2014 Behaviour change: individual approaches NICE public health guidance 49 Contents What is this guidance about? ....................................................................................................... 6 1 Recommendations ................................................................................................................... 7 Recommendation 1 Develop a local behaviour change policy and strategy .......................................... 7 Recommendation 2 Ensure organisation policies, strategies, resources and training all support behaviour change.................................................................................................................................... 8 Recommendation 3 Commission interventions from services willing to share intervention details and data ...............................................................................................................................
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