...DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, NSUKKA EFFECT OF STUDENTS’ IMPROVISED INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS ON SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ACHIEVEMENT IN BIOLOGY. BY MBEREKPE AUGUSTINE, CHUKWUNYEREMUNWA REG NO: PG/M.ED/09/50813 SUPVERISOR: PROF: U. M. NZEWI JANUARY, 2013 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Science has been reorganized as the bedrock on which modern day technological breakthrough is hanged. The major goal of science education is to develop scientifically literate individuals that are concerned with high competence for rational thoughts and actions. The objectives of science education in this country according to Maduekwe (2006) include the need to prepare students to: Observe and explore the environment, explain simple natural phenomena, develop scientific attitudes including curiosity, critical reflection and objectivity, apply the skills and knowledge gained through science to solve everyday problems in the environment, develop self-confidence and self-reliance through problem solving activities in science. Nowadays, countries all over the world, especially the developing ones like Nigeria, are striving hard to develop technologically and scientifically, since the world is turning Scientific and all proper functioning of lives depend greatly on Science. According to Ogunleye (2006), Science is a dynamic human activity concerned...
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...based policymaking, learning and the fast-changing world of technology. Key stakeholders (politicians, parents, teachers, school leaders) demand evidence of the impact of ICT derived from research, monitoring and evaluation (Friedrich and Francesc, 2009). The challenge for policymakers is (in collaboration with the research community and the educational community) to develop a sustainable knowledge base for ICT in education, in which key indicators and other sources of information are identified, which enables better insight into the use and effects of ICT for learning. Technology has been said to have impacted many different types of people in different types of environments as a dynamic communication tool. For instance, Ali and Richardson (2012) explained that technology has pervaded all aspects of society and the field of education is no exception, the learning and teaching environment has also changed drastically. Technology has impacted on teaching and learning activities, and it is now seen increasingly as an enabler of learning. Morgan (2008) added that technology is no longer the wave of the future, the future is now. This generation has been classified by Prensky (2001) as “Digital Natives” and students who have been born into and are totally immersed in an environment that is surrounded by technology. Technology provides to them a variety of useful information gathering tools whereby they have access to vast amounts of information and opportunities to participate in conversations...
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...changing world. • With the emerging theories of learning, instructional delivery and management, learning and teaching styles, modes of living and other societal changes in science and technology led educators to introduce innovations. 1. LOCAL AND NATIONAL CURRICULAR INNOVATIONS a.) 2002 Basic Education Curriculum b.) Third Elementary Education Program (TEEP) c.) Secondary Education Improvement and Development Program (SEDIP) d.)The New Teacher Education Curriculum for BEEd and BSed e.)The Ladderized Curriculum for Bachelor of Technical Teacher Education (BTTE) f.) Instructional and Curricular Excellence in School Leadership and Management – DepEd eXCELS A. 2oo2 Basic Education Curriculum THE VISION, MISSION AND RATIONALE OF THE CURRICULUM VISION: The Department of Education, envisions every learner to be: -FUNCTIONALY LITERATE - EQUIPPED WITH LIFE - APPRECIATIVE OF ARTS AND SPORTS and - IMBUED WITH THE DESIRABLE VALUES OF A PERSON WHO IS MAKABAYAN, MAKATAO, MAKAKALIKASAN AND MAKA-DIYOS MISSION: The DepEd’s MISSION is to PROVIDE QUALITY BASIC EDUCATION that is: - ACCESSIBLE TO ALL - LAYS THE FOUNDATION FOR LIFELONG LEARNING and - SERVICE FOR COMMON GOOD The Basic Education Curriculum developed through a dynamic process. It started with the review of the existing basic education curriculum in 1997 which took into consideration worldwide trends and Philippine realities. ** PARAMETERS OF THE BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM The demands of the learning environment...
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...& O’ leary (2004) refers to a communication process that uses the interest rather than traditional communication lines to connect two or more people via telephone. Thus, Information and Communication Technology is a technology that merges computing with high speed communication links carrying data, sound and videos. As a powerful tool for information dissemination, ICT has a wide variety of application and usage. It is used in such places as industries, banks, homes, military, Agriculture and education. In education, the application of ICT can be viewed in three perspectives, namely administrative and counseling tools; object of instruction and as a vehicle of instruction. As applied to administrative and counseling activities, ICT is used in planning of admission, record keeping, grading of scripts as well as in computer. Assisted Academic Counseling. In computer Assisted Academic Counseling; a computer package is designed specially to assist counselors to do their job effectively. It helps to assist individuals to eliminate inhibiting behaviours such as impatience, test, anxiety, procrastination, laziness, low academic achievement. (O’Leary & O’Leary, 2004). The application of ICT as an object of instruction involves teaching and learning of the concept of ICT and ICT- related technologies leading to ICT literacy. The application of ICT as a vehicle of instruction involves the use of computer as an aid to teaching and learning other subjects such as mathematics,...
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...and Motivation--Candidates know, understand, and use the major concepts, principles, theories, and research related to development of children and young adolescents to construct learning opportunities that support individual students’ development, acquisition of knowledge, and motivation. CURRICULUM 2.1. English language arts—Candidates demonstrate a high level of competence in use of English language arts and they know, understand, and use concepts from reading, language and child development, to teach reading, writing, speaking, viewing, listening, and thinking skills and to help students successfully apply their developing skills to many different situations, materials, and ideas; 2.2. Science—Candidates know, understand, and use fundamental concepts in the subject matter of science—including physical, life, and earth and space sciences—as well as concepts in science and technology, science in personal and social perspectives, the history and nature of science, the unifying concepts of science, and the inquiry processes scientists use in discovery of new knowledge to build a base for scientific and technological literacy; 2.3. Mathematics—Candidates know, understand, and use the major concepts, procedures, and reasoning processes of mathematics that define number systems and number sense, geometry, measurement, statistics and probability, and algebra in order to foster student understanding and use of patterns, quantities, and spatial relationships...
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...INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Osokoya (2003) defines Education as a continuous process which the society establishes to assist its members to understand the heritage of the past and to participate productively in the future. It is the leading out of the in-born powers and potentialities of the individuals in the society and the acquisition of skills, aptitudes, and competencies necessary for self-realisation and for coping with life’s problem. For Afe (2000), Education is considered as a tool to be used for the integration of the individual into the society to achieve self-realisation, develop national consciousness, promote unity, and strive for social, economic, political, scientific, cultural and technological progress. Education in science and mathematics therefore becomes bedrock and indispensable tools for scientific, technological and economic advancement in any nation. It gives the nation the capacity to apply technology for the exploitation of the resources of nature. Such exploitation will depend greatly on mathematics for laying the foundation for political, governmental, military, civil, scientific, technological advancement, economic development, socio-cultural and environmental peace. The importance of mathematics transcends all the definitions and the prosperity of any country depends on the volume and quality of mathematics offered in its school system. Obe (1996) conceptualises mathematics as the master and servant of most disciplines and thus, a source of enlightenment...
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...Akpan, for all their assistance and encouragement during the course of this work. Lastly I am grateful to my friends and course mates for the contributions and support they rendered to me, and I wish them well in their academics pursuit. ABSTRACT This study was carried out to find out the effects of non availability of teaching aids on the effective teaching of biology in some selected secondary schools in ethiope east local government area of delta state. For the purpose of the study, data were collected from five hundred and five (505) SSI-SSIII.biology students, () Biology teachers and seven (7) principals in eleven (11) selected secondary schools in Ethiope East Local Government areas of Della State. Teachers and students in the sampled schools were administered, an investigator – constructed questionnaire. Biology Achievement Test was also administered on the students in the selected schools. Results of the study indicated that adequate supply of instructional resources have significant effects on students’ performance in biology. Furthermore, the results revealed that schools with adequate teacher quality and material resources in...
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...teachers’ quality as correlates of students’ academic performance in Biology in senior secondary schools in Ondo State. To guide the study, four research questions were raised. The multi-stage sampling technique was used to collect data from two hundred teachers (200) as respondents. A validated questionnaire titled: Teacher Quality as Correlates of Student Academic Performance with the used of simple frequency counts and percentage for analysis. From the data analysis it was revealed that: the role of professionally qualified/trained teachers is an important teacher quality which enhances students’ academic achievement in biology, teaching methods adopted by the teachers significantly influence achievement of the behavior objectives. Several schools in the population of the study lacked modern instructional materials without which effective teaching and learning cannot be utilized and teachers’ experience significantly influence students academic performance; capacity building forms a major aspect of teachers’ experience that is yet to be given adequate attention. Its importance cannot be over emphasized in view of senior secondary school student’s poor performance in both internal and external examinations. Based on these findings,...
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...Performance in Science Chapter I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction The world today is experiencing a rapid change in almost all fields of endeavor. Science has brought many changes in people’s lifestyle. It’s difficult if not impossible to live today and not experience the results of science investigations. Everyday occurrences such as hearing the weather forecast, watching television, talking on the telephone, and flying through the air are made possible through science. These are handiworks of scientists and proofs that science has become highly important in our lives and continue to change our lives and lead us to progress. Almost everybody, even scientists first learned their science in school. It is the best place to promote science and technology. In fact, science curriculum in high schools has been modified in quantity and quality to adapt to the changes in time. Efforts have continuously been exerted towards its revision and enrichment in order to attain the objectives of science education. The school is considered to be the child’s formal education institution. It aims for the total development of the child, cultivating not only his mind but his hand as well as his heart. In schools, science and technology has been brought as extension of universalization of education. Science curricula have been improved to keep pace with the challenging world - the fast changing technology and even behavior and cultures of people all over the world. Advances in science education...
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...CHAPTER I The Problem and Its Background INTRODUCTION Many countries around the world are investing in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to improve and update the education they give to the younger generations. The Department of Education envisions an ICT-Supported system of quality basic education for all. It is stated on the National Framework Plan for ICT’s in Basic Education (2005-2010). It is committed to the appropriate, effective, and sustainable use of ICT’s to broaden access to and improve the quality and efficiency of basic education service delivery. The poor performance of students across the country in national and international tests, and the consistent high school dropout rates in both elementary and secondary school levels, underscore the deterioration of the quality of the Philippine schools system. Computer education offers potential for human betterment, at the same time, it is taught with great dangers that neither the potential can be truly realized, nor the danger avoided, without careful far-teaching critical questions being asked about computers in education. It is clear and evident that whatever this eventual outcome, the debate about computers in education is just beginning and is going to be with us for some time. The mathematician, computer scientist, and psychologist, Seymour Papert conducted renowned projects in the 1970’s at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with the goal of making children the “builders” of their open...
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...packages in mathematics, studies on development, evaluation and validation of CAI materials. Instruction and Learning Instruction is the arrangement of information and environment to facilitate learning. By environment, we mean not only where instruction takes place but also the methods, media and equipment needed to convey information and guide the learner’s study. Information and environment can be arranged on a continuum from very formal to very informal. The relationship between information and environment can change depending on the instructional goal. The arrangement of information and the environment is normally the responsibility of the instructor and the designers of media. The choice of the strategy of instruction determines the environment (the methods, media, equipment and facilities) and how the information is assembled and used. The method can range from teacher control to learner control. Learning is the development of new knowledge, skills, or attitudes when the individual interacts with information and environment. Learning takes place all the time. We learn something just walking down the street and observing what goes on around us, or watching TV, or conversing with other people. But this type of incidental learning is not our major interest as education and training professionals. We are primarily concerned with the learning that takes place in response to our instructional efforts. How we design and arrange instruction...
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...DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE EDUCATION; FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, NIGERIA IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN EDUCATION (B.SC.ED.) IN BIOLOGY MAY, 2012 CERTIFICATION This is to certify that this research project was carried out by OLAWUNMI, Kareemat Ariyo with Matriculation Number 08/25PA026 and it has been read, certified and approved as meeting the requirements for the award of Bachelor of Science Education Degree (B.Sc. Ed. Biology) under the Department of Science Education, faculty of Education, University of Ilorin, Ilorin Kwara State Nigeria. Dr. S. O. Oyelekan Date Supervisor Esther O. Omoshewo PhD Date Head of Department Prof. A. S. Olorundare Date Dean, Faculty of Education External Supervisor Date DEDICATION The entire work of this project is dedicated to Almighty Allah, the Bestower of knowledge and Wisdom, to whom everything shall returns. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am highly indebted to Almighty Allah, Who alone had favored me beyond my imaginations. ABSTRACT TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page Certification Dedication Acknowledgement Abstract Table of Contents CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Background of the problem Statement of the problem Purpose of the Study Research Questions Scope of the Study Significance of the Study Definition of major terms and variables CHAPTER TWO: REVIEWED LITERATURE Science, Biology and the concept of Science and Biology Instructional materials and students...
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...PERFORMANCE IN SCIENCE IN THE DISTRICT OF BANSUD SY 2010 – 2011 (Thesis Proposal) In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement in Research 200 Presented to: EDNA G. PIOL, Ed. D. (Professor) Presented by: REA E. FAJARDOSA MA ED – Biological Science March 12, 2011 Chapter I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction The world today is experiencing a rapid change in almost all fields of endeavor. Science has brought many changes in people’s lifestyle. It’s difficult if not impossible to live today and not experience the results of science investigations. Everyday occurrences such as hearing the weather forecast, watching television, talking on the telephone, and flying through the air are made possible through science. These are handiworks of scientists and proofs that science has become highly important in our lives and continue to change our lives and lead us to progress. Almost everybody, even scientists first learned their science in school. It is the best place to promote science and technology. In fact, science curriculum in high schools has been modified in quantity and quality to adapt to the changes in time. Efforts have continuously been exerted towards its revision and enrichment in order to attain the objectives of science education. The school is considered to be the child’s formal education institution. It aims for the total development of the child, cultivating not only his mind but his hand as well as his heart. In schools, science and technology...
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...ETT4/5 - Effective Teaching Practices: Instructional Presentation and Follow-Up Course of Study Your competence for this course of study will be assessed as you complete the 10 tasks that make up the ETT4/5 performance assessment and the EIO4/5 objective assessment. Introduction Welcome to Effective Teaching Practices. Effective teaching depends on effective planning. Teachers need to devote systematic thought to what they want students to learn and to how students will best acquire knowledge and skills. You will learn how to select, develop, and evaluate instructional materials as well as strategies to use to accomplish specific learning goals. You will plan for effective instruction, and then implement those plans. Interactive teaching includes appropriately responding to all of the details that emerge during the presentation of lessons. Teaching is a process. Teachers plan lessons and then present them. They use information about the lesson presentation to make appropriate changes to improve both student achievement and lesson presentation. Outcomes and Evaluations There are 10 competencies covered by this course of study; they are listed in the "Competencies for Effective Teaching Practices: Instructional Presentation and Follow-Up (ETT4/5)" page. The list of competencies is a good overview of precisely what you will know and be able to do at the conclusion of this course of study and demonstrate through assessment. Teaching Dispositions Statement Please review the...
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...CHAPTER ONE 1.0 Introduction The invaluable role and contributions of education as an instrument for development and promotion of an individual, social, economic, political and cultural development of any nation can never be over-emphasized. According to Abdulkareem (2007), a nation’s growth and development is determined by its human resources. Science has been defined as an organized body of knowledge, a method of solving problems and it also serves as a search of explanation of natural objects and phenomena. In the demesne of science as a whole, one important dialect is Biology, the domain of living things and its environment. According to Encyclopedia Americana (Vol. 3, P770), “few sciences have contributed to the philosophy and physical basis of contemporary society than Biology has”. Man, probably was a biologist before he was anything else, his own health body in health and illness, the phenomena of birth, growth, and death of the plants and other animals that give him food, shelter and clothing undoubtedly were matters of serious concern to man then and even now. Biology is intimately connected to daily life and everybody’s life-long planning. Shut out Biology from daily life and civilization comes to a standstill. It is in the light of this, that the research seeks to build and elicit among students and teachers the proper appreciation and interest in the value of Biology to the individual and to the society at large. This subject Biology, occupies a very important...
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