...Distinguish between information privacy and electronic privacy Information privacy is the security of individual data and normally identifies with individual information put away on PC frameworks. The need to keep up data protection is material to gathered individual data, for example, restorative records, monetary information, criminal records, political records, business related data or site information. Information privacy is viewed as a vital part of data imparting. With the progression of the advanced age, individual data vulnerabilities have expanded. Information privacy may be connected from various perspectives, including encryption, confirmation and information veiling very endeavoring to guarantee that data is accessible just to those with approved access. These defensive measures are intended for avoiding information mining and the unapproved utilization of individual data, which are illicit in numerous parts of the world. Information security, additionally called data protection, is the part of data innovation (IT) that arrangements with the capacity an association or individual needs to figure out what information in a PC framework can be imparted to outsiders. In the United States, enactment concerning information security has been sanctioned in a sectorial way, which implies that every law or consistence regulation has been made in light of the needs of a specific industry or segment of the populace. Electronic privacy is a dubious idea climbing...
Words: 523 - Pages: 3
...Electronic Surveillance has always been a debatable topic due to the controversy of privacy vs. security. Although Electronic Surveillance invades personal privacy it still manages to make the world a preferable environment and holds criminals accountable for their actions. Individuals should not be hiding information, so they should be fine with the government searching through their personal information. This search does not cause any physical harm or crosses any boundaries, it only keeps the citizens safe and protected. Government spying programs help in the fight against terrorist and ensure Americans to stay safe which prevents many tragedies. Electronic Surveillance can help detect threats such as; terrorism, crime, child pornography, tax evasion, and fraud. Electronic surveillance continues to highly impact the American government because it can help fight back foreign hackers that want to obtain private information...
Words: 442 - Pages: 2
...Martino LEGL 616.12 4/11/2012 Privacy with Regards to Electronic Communication in the Workplace Background Given the rise of electronic communication, it is not surprising that privacy with regards to communication such as emailing, texting, or social networking, has become a very big issue. Probably the most prominent area relating to electronic privacy is consumer privacy. Stories about Google or Facebook’s privacy policies are front-page news. However, although it perhaps receives less attention, electronic workplace privacy is just as big an issue. Workers communicate at work using various devices. Some workers rely on a computer to send emails. Other workers may favor using a land phone or a cell phone for communication with important clients. In some cases, workers use texting on cell phones to communicate with fellow employees. The one similarity between all these workers is that they are all probably communicating on a device or on a network that belongs to the company that they work for. Workers are also likely to use work equipment, a computer or a company cell phone, to make personal calls. This makes sense, given the long hours that people often spend at work and the ease of using work machines to communicate. A recent article in The Economist, “Slaves to the Smartphone”, states “Employees find it ever harder to distinguish between ‘on-time’ and ‘off-time’—and indeed between real work and make-work.” Most electronic communication at work (whether via email...
Words: 1674 - Pages: 7
...HOW TO PASS THE CALIFORNIA BAR EXAM I. Understanding the difference between your law school experience and the California Bar Exam (CBX). A. B. The CBX is a comprehensive exam The CBX uses different testing techniques 1. Cross-over essay questions 2. Multistate Bar Exam (MBE) 3. Performance Test (PT) The CBX is a pass/fail exam: all you need is scaled 1440 out of 2000 points Relative weights in calculating final scaled score: 65% Written: 6 essays (100 points each=600 possible raw points) 39% 2 PTs (200 points each=400 possible raw points) 26% 35% MBE: 200 MBE questions=190 possible raw points (10 not graded) C. I. Develop a strategy to pass the California Bar Exam A. The substantive law - why all subjects on the CBX aren’t created equal Torts Contracts Real Prop R e m e d I e s Evidence Civil Pro Prof Resp Wills Trusts Comm Prop Con Law Crim L. & Pro Biz Associations 1. 2. 3. Essay & MBE subjects: Torts, Contracts, Real Property, Constitutional Law, Criminal Law & Procedure, Evidence Remedies Essay only subjects: Civil Procedure, Wills & Trusts, Community Property, Business Associations, Professional Responsibility B. Understanding each part of the CBX 1. 2. 3. ESSAY MBE PERFORMANCE TEST C. III. Managing the time crunch Practice, Practice, Practice CONVERTING RAW SCORES INTO SCALED SCORES Sample of a Passing Scorecard for July 2007 CBX MBE WRITTEN ESSAYS 1. 55 2. 60 3. 70 4. 65 5. 65 6. 60 Con Law Contracts Crim/Crim...
Words: 378 - Pages: 2
...Electronic Devices and Patient Privacy Introduction Confidentiality is defined as a promise that limits access to certain information. With the increase use of technology it is believed that confidential information is at greater risk of being shared with the world. In recent news there have been many cases of people personal photos and information being leaked to the public. With the healthcare industry following in the footsteps of so many others and now going to electronic file databases the threat of patient’s personal information being leaked is upon us. Therefore it is imperative that proper precautions are taken to ensure the security and safety of information that is shares from patients. Issues and its impact on the population Patient confidentiality is a major concern for healthcare professionals, without it many would not have anyone to care for. Patients have a right to feel they can trust their doctors, nurses or anyone they have to share personal information with. In the past prior to the current HIPAA laws patients information seems to be public knowledge. This lead many not to seek care when issues arose, only home remedies were used and many people were dying because of the lack of care. It also assures patients that are worried about being stigmatized for certain condition that there information will not be disclosed unless consent is given by the patient. I believe this concern is shared by many but more by our older generations that have lived...
Words: 1068 - Pages: 5
...Assignment # 1- Electronic Surveillance of Employees Ww gg Law, Ethics, and Corporate Governance Professor Lynette Collins April 19, 2011 Electronic Surveillance of Employees 1. Explain where an employee can reasonably expect to have privacy in the workplace. Privacy has become extremely important part of American culture. Lately, work place privacy has brought unwanted and costly litigations. To protect the company from those kinds of litigations, organizations are monitoring employee communications carefully. Although according to courts the private organizations have rights to monitor employee communications. In order to this `` Employee surveillance and email monitoring in the workplace present a number of sometimes conflicting issues regarding an employer’s need to protect its property and itself against liability and an employee’s right to privacy``(Adams, Scheuing & Feeley, 2000). Martin and Freeman (2003) also examined key arguments for and against employee monitoring, productivity, security, liability, privacy, and creativity. Privacy may be invaded in four ways. The first is unreasonable intrusion upon a person’s seclusion. Appropriation occurs when the use of a person’s name or likeness is used for economic benefit. Third is public disclosure of private facts. Finally, false light Most cases concerning invasion of privacy by employers involve intrusion upon seclusion’s is publicly characterizing or placing a person in a false light (Chieh and...
Words: 885 - Pages: 4
...1. Explain where an employee can reasonably expect to have privacy in the workplace. With the increased use of technology, employers are constantly searching for new means to protect their company, secure their investments, and increase employees’ productivity. Because of this, employees cannot reasonably expect to have privacy within the workplace. Although employees would like privacy in their office, on their computer, and during phone conversations, there is no law legally granting privacy to employees in the workplace. The only place an employee could have a reasonable expectation of privacy is in the restroom. Also, since the employers need to know all employees are providing a proper job, that the workplace place is always secured, also because as the owner of the company he owns the computer network, the terminals and will be the biggest loser if the company fails, he or she is free to monitor employees in order to protect the business and at the same time the employees. Even if employees are sometime given today some minimal protection from computer and other forms of electronic monitoring in the work place, especially through union contract, the Fourth Amendment; or Connecticut, Labor Code Chapter 557 and so on, 92% of all of the US companies still conducting high electronic surveillance in the workplace according to the American Management Association (AMA) report of 2009. For example, personal calls are protected under federal case law. So when an employer...
Words: 563 - Pages: 3
...As technology advances throughout the years, American’s privacy slowly corrodes over time. It is almost impossible to not be tracked in the United States since there are so many technologies that invades American civilian’s privacy, like cellphone’s applications and satellites. Surely near the future, there will be a device that will allow anyone who uses it to be anonymous from all technologies. For now, this device can be called Personal Anonymous Device (or PAD). PAD will bring American back their privacy when used, but at the price that it could be potentially used for crimes. It is important to mention on how American’s privacy is being threaten over the past few years. According to http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/01/12/evolution-of-technology/, as of 2016, 77% of Americans own a smartphone and it is growing steadily yearly. Smartphones usually has many features, in which almost all smart phones have a GPS system, which...
Words: 1544 - Pages: 7
...Privacy laws and Policies XCOM / 285 04/08/12 After reviewing the Electronic Reserve Readings for our class and reading the classmates threads, I feel that communication privacy laws and policies are necessary in the work place. In this day and age of electronic communication it is very important for an employer to be aware of what an employee is doing on company time and with company property. As law suits are rampant, it is important for a company to protect itself and its employees. If an employee is sending potential sexually offensive material or just offensive material on company time and company property it is important for a company to be able to monitor and stop this action or be held accountable. In some companies an employer needs to be able to monitor an employee for sharing trade secrets and information that could potential harm or cause a loss in revenue. I however feel that it is of utmost importance for each company to determine how much surveillance is needed, with in the guide lines of the law. As brought out in our reading “The erosion of employee privacy by such practices as electronic monitoring and surveillance, however, comes at a cost in the form of increased stress and decreased employee morale, satisfaction and trust in their organization and management (Hornung 2005; Lee and Kleiner 2003). The Constitution’s fourth amendment also protects against “unreasonable search and seizure.” So with in each company a balance needs to be taken to protect themselves...
Words: 361 - Pages: 2
...Introduction: A brief chronological review of “privacy” concept indicated that it is accentuated since Hippocrate, s oath at the first time (1، 2). Thereafter, It was argued as “the right to be let alone” by Samuel Warren and Louis Brandies in 1890s, then it evolved as “informational privacy,” which is defined by Allen Westine suggesting it is considered as an individual’s right to control personal information(3). Privacy, confidentiality and security are three interwoven concepts concerning personal information. Privacy refers to determination of the authorized collection and storage of personal information, meanwhile, confidentiality indicate how organizational information may be collected or re-used and also explicate required conditions...
Words: 898 - Pages: 4
...employee’s everyday activities. At the same time, employees expect to have a certain comfort level by not having their space or privacy invaded in the workplace. “Tension between privacy and the need to know is heightened as computer technology revolutionizes information gathering.” (Halbert & Ingulli, 2010, p. 70) How can employees reasonably expect to have privacy when most companies are carrying some type of monitoring system that will allow employers to monitor the employee’s performance to see if their time is being utilized effectively? “According to a 2005 American Management Association survey, it states both the intensity and range of workplace surveillance is surging, from videotaping to monitoring of IM chat and blogging to GPS satellite tracking of cars and cell phones” (Halbert & Ingulli, 2010, p. 73). Technology has made it easy to track employees and their behavior on a daily basis. Most employers are becoming more knowledgeable on various types of electronic surveillance. For example, some employers monitor their employees email usage. Although, some employees may assume their emails are private; however, they are not. Deleted messages are stored into archive and are accessible to employers and others. (Halbert & Ingulli, 2010) In addition, technology has increased ways of surveillance and is constantly growing, leaving very little privacy in the workplace. For instance, there are programs that can take surreptitious “screen shots” of employees computer, Porn sweeper...
Words: 1222 - Pages: 5
...Electronic Surveillance of Employee Professor Cowan LEG 500 April 24 2011 Table of Content Page Where an employee can reasonably expect to have privacy in the workplace ……………….. 1 Explain whether it makes a difference if an employee is in an open area or in an enclosed office………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 2 Explain if Herman’s need to know whether his salespersons are honest is a sufficient ground for utilizing electronic surveillance………………………………………………………….......2, 3 Explain to what extent an employer can engage in electronic surveillance of employees…………………………………………………………………………….……….3, 4 Explain to what extent the inclusion of innocent, unaware third –parties in such surveillance determines whether it is legal……………………………………………………….…….…...4, 5 Reference Cited………………………………………………………...…………Reference Page Electronic Surveillance Page 1 Explain where an employee can reasonably except to have privacy in the workplace. Based on the fact that the United States doesn’t have a comprehensive law that protects privacy, there is almost no where in the work place that is private. Most laws give the employer the ability to monitor their employees as long as they have a valid reason for their monitoring. With the advance tin technology employer’s ability to monitor their employees has expanded over last 20 years. Employers have the right to monitor telephone calls, computer usage, electronic mail, voice mail, and video monitoring. Most employee...
Words: 1353 - Pages: 6
...Ethical and Legal Issues Concerning At-will Employment Jasmine Mills Park University Abstract As years pass by, every sphere of life is taking a new dimension; for instance, advancing technology. This has resulted in some ethical issues in workplaces such as cyberloafing, privacy, information technology usage, employee monitoring. Also, legal issues in workplaces such as lawsuits have emerged. Both employers and employees are worried about the ethical consequences resulting from the ethical issues While bosses use surveillance devices to keep track of their workers' activities and output, these workers feel that excessive monitoring is an attack on their confidentiality and privacy. The strategy of checking workers on a timely basis is contributed by the fact that bosses have rights over everything in the “at-will employment environment.” Additionally, this paper provides a proposal for reducing the ethical and legal issues. The paper also encourages organizations to generate and efficiently communicate ethical standards for workers in their companies. It also includes real examples of workers' perceptions as well as an emotional state from the surveys based on ethical and legal issues raised regarding the topic of study. Keywords: At-will employment, employee monitoring, Ethical and legal issues. Introduction At- will means employment can be terminated at any time, for any reason or no reason without facing legal action. Likewise, an employee can quit a job with or...
Words: 2152 - Pages: 9
...years and the privacy of consumers has received considerable attention. The evolution of the Internet has produced a number of diverse concerns regarding the issue of confronting consumer protection for both international and domestic consumer privacy. High profile organizations are exposed to many breaches of personal information and puts these particular organizations are at risk of reputational damage and understanding the scope of an organization’s responsibilities for information security professionals is an absolutely essential. IT security professionals play an important roles managing liability for privacy and security risks for an organization in today’s world where hefty reparations can be bestowed to plaintiffs who place lawsuits upon organizations. Damages can range from big to small and can sometimes be retaliatory. Minimizing liability and reduce risks for an organization from physical and electronic threats can be a daunting task for information security specialists. This specialist must thoroughly comprehend the current legal environment, regulations, laws, and stay current with emerging issues regarding the responsibility of securing not only the companies’ vital information, but also consumers and users alike. An organizations responsibility to educate all employees all obligations and the proper use of technology and security for which information security professionals can assist an organizations focus on primary security objectives. Privacy is a prominent...
Words: 881 - Pages: 4
...Electronic Surveillance of Employees Week 3 Assignment # 1 LEG 500 Law, Ethics, and Corporate Governance By Anthony McKenzie Presented to Prof. Moses Cowan February, 16, 2012 1) Explain where an employee can reasonably expect to have privacy in the workplace. The privacy rights of employees and the infringement on these rights, has caused employees to become even more frightened when it concerns their privacy, and they feel that they are losing these rights because of the advances being made in technology (Privacy in the Workplace and Conducting an Internal Investigation, n.d.). For example, these subsequent cases will explain to us more, about how the United States Supreme Court has come to establish the theory of “privacy” for the people of America (Supreme Court Decisions on Liberty 2012,). Katz vs. United States 389, U.S. 347 (1967) & Olmstead v. United States 277 U.S. 438 (1928). Some of the technological tools such as video surveillance cameras, face recognition software, and tracking software programs may be already in use by employers. In particular situations, For example, the employer may want to see closely what it is their employees are doing on company...
Words: 1643 - Pages: 7
