...Research Paper: Toxicant MOS 5425 – Advanced Toxicology 2/3/2015 Background This paper will compare and contrast a toxin that affects the nervous system, one that affects the endocrine system and another that affects the cardiovascular system. Identify the characteristics that are shared by these toxins and characteristics of these toxins make these toxins vulnerable to toxicity of these specific systems? Central Nervous System Environmental contamination has exposed humans to various metal agents, including mercury. This exposure is more common than expected, and the health consequences of such exposure remain unclear. Mercury in the past was used in a numerous different activities, and now, exposure to this metal from both natural and artificial sources is significantly increasing. According to Azevedo, et al (2012), numerous studies show that high exposure to mercury can induce the following changes to humans such as the central nervous system, potentially resulting in irritability, fatigue, behavioral changes, tremors, headaches, hearing and cognitive loss, dysarthria, incoordination, hallucinations, and death. Endocrine System According to the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, Endocrine disruptors are found in synthetic chemicals used in industrial solvents, lubricants, and their byproducts such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), and dixons. Other examples of endocrine disruptors include bisphenol A (BPA)...
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...The Endocrine System- Hormones and Behavior The Endocrine System Hormones & Behaviors Our behavior is not solely a product of the nervous system. The endocrine glands are equally important parallel communication system in the body. The endocrine system is made up of glands that secrete chemicals directly into the bloodstream or the lymph system. I have found a table that shows which glands are in the body and what exactly they produce or do for a human. Adrenal glands - Divided into 2 regions; secrete hormones that influence the body's metabolism, blood chemicals, and body characteristics, as well as influence the part of the nervous system that is involved in the response and defense against stress. Hypothalamus - Activates and controls the part of the nervous system that controls involuntary body functions, the hormonal system, and many body functions, such as regulating sleep and stimulating appetite. Ovaries and testicles - Secrete hormones that influence female and male characteristics, respectively. Pancreas -Secretes a hormone (insulin) that controls the use of glucose by the body. Parathyroid glands - Secrete a hormone that maintains the calcium level in the blood. Pineal body - Involved with daily biological cycles. Helps regulate the body rhythms and sleep cycles. Pituitary gland - Produces a number of different hormones that influence various other endocrine glands. Thymus gland - Plays a role in the body's immune...
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...female reproductive function throughout the lifespan in laboratory animals and humans (e.g., diethylstilbestrol). These effects include the disruption of normal sexual differentiation, ovarian function (i.e., follicular growth, ovulation, corpus luteum formation and maintenance), fertilization, implantation, and pregnancy. Only a few agents are associated with direct interference with the endocrine reproductive axis. Examples are those with estrogenic activity or the potential to interact with the aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor. Exposure to toxicants during development is of particular concern because many feedback mechanisms functioning in the adult are absent and adverse effects may be noted at doses lower than those observed in the adult. Endometriosis is a painful reproductive and immunologic disease of women characterized by aberrant location of uterine endometrial cells. It affects approximately 5 million women in the United States from 15 to 45 years of age and often causes infertility. The etiology of this disease is unknown. In a single study with a small number of animals, research has suggested a link between dioxin exposure and the development of endometriosis in rhesus monkeys. The severity of this lesion was dependent on the dose administered. Recently, a small pilot study to test the hypothesis that serum dioxin concentrations have an association with human endometriosis has been reported. No statistically significant correlations between disease severity and serum...
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...The articles are related to music generation features referred papers based on high standard with detailed and informative purpose and claims in order to be reviewed by other peers. Music generation research has approach human and science to make our life become more and more completed in many ways to enhance human cognition, emotion, physiology and endocrine throughout the experiments and study . In this paper we will be analyzing the benefits and effectiveness of music interventions helps people in many other fields like computation, data machine, entertainment and especially human cognition. There are eight sources below to illustrate the range of task and main purposes of music applying the electrophysiological, biochemical measurement...
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...Michael Donma Chem/Tox Research/Term Paper Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) Table of Contents Executive Summary………………………………………………………………3 Chemical Name…………………………………………………………………….3 Physical Properties……………………………………………………………….4 Common Uses……………………………………………………………………….5 Exposure Limits…………………………………………………………………….6 Toxicokinetics……………………………………………………………………….6 Acute Effects…………………………………………………………………………7 Chronic Effects………………………………………………………………………8 Personal Protective Equipment……………………………………………..9 Industrial Hygiene sampling………………………………………………..10 Reference……………………………………………………………………………11 Safety Data Sheet ……..……………………………………………………….13 Chemical Name and Executive Summary The chemical I chose to write my paper about is Polychlorinated biphenyl or PCB. Polychlorinated biphenyls were manufactured from 1929 until it was banned in 1979. PCB’s were used in hundreds of things because of their non-flammability, chemical stability, high boiling point, and electrical insulating characteristics. PCB’s range in form from light oil to a heavy wax. The largest producer of PCB was the Monsanto Corporation who marketed it under the trade name, Aroclor. For years and years PCB was thought as a chemical who had unlimited advantages to human life and no negative consequences. It was used any way possible and was discharged just the same way. Many people simply discarded it into rivers, waterways, and landfills. It wasn’t until 1960s when the world began to question the health consequences...
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....(recap of previous speeches). To begin with how many of you have had to stay up for most of the night in order to finish a paper, a lab, a project, or study for a test? Well I have had a few of these nights especially when I end up taking too many credit hours per semester. But most of us do not...
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...dioxin, are known to cause an array of serious health problems, including cancers and endocrine disruption. Of the more than 75,000 chemicals registered with the Environmental Protection Agency, only a fraction have gone through complete testing to find out whether they might cause problems for human health. Many that are produced in enormous quantities have never been tested at all. Usually, it takes dramatic episodes of workplace injuries or wildlife poisonings, combined with rigorous scientific proof of harm and public outcry, before the government will act to restrict or ban any chemical. And that is no accident. The current regulatory system allows synthetic chemicals into our lives unless proven beyond doubt to be dangerous. Terms Dioxins are not intentionally manufactured. They are unintentionally formed as byproducts of chemical processes involving chlorine, such as the manufacture of pesticides and the bleaching of paper. The manufacture and incineration of plastics such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC, commonly used in consumer product packaging and medical devices) is another major source of dioxin. Two of the most serious health effects of dioxin exposure are cancer and endocrine disruption. The endocrine system is a complex network of glands and hormones that regulate many of the body's functions including growth, development, and maturation, and the way various organs operate. The endocrine glands –- including the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, thymus, pancreas, ovaries, and...
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...| Syllabus College of Natural Sciences HCA/240 Version 4 Health and Diseases | Copyright © 2011, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course introduces the student to the basic principles of illness and disease commonly seen in the health care environment. Topics may include infectious and noninfectious diseases, environmental health, and the promotion of good health practices. In addition, students will be introduced to common disease and medical procedure terminology. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Zelman, M., Tompary, E., Raymond, J., Holdaway, P., & Mulvihill, M. (2010). Human diseases: A systemic approach (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: Introduction to Human Health and Disease | | Details | Due | Points | ...
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...Anxiety, Mood/Affective, Somatoform Paper University of Phoenix PSY/410 Korneshia Parker Prepare a 700- to 1,050-word paper in which you analyze the biological, psychodynamic, cognitive, and behavioral components of anxiety, mood/affective, and somatoform disorders. Anxiety, mood/affective, and somatoform disorders have many different components. These disorders while all detracting from normal social interactions and the day to day living of individuals who suffer from them have definitive signs and symptoms. Some of the disorders share similar signs and or symptoms and have varying biological, emotional, behavioral and cognitive parts. The field of abnormal psychology tries to determine what these signs and symptoms are and find a way to treat individuals suffering from them therapeutically. The components of anxiety disorders are biological, emotional, cognitive and behavioral. The biological components include the way the autonomic system functions in individuals with anxiety, as well as other factors that may make an individual genetically predisposition to have an anxiety disorder. The biological perspective views the activation or stimulation of the nervous system and its excesses or deficiencies. (National Institutes of Health, 2010). The emotional components of anxiety disorder address those issues an individual has not dealt with or has repressed. Many psychologists think that early childhood experiences or traumas could cause an individual too much sadness...
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...Cultural and Disease paper Amy D. Talbert HCS245 February 14, 2011 Michelle Clemons Diabetes is the most common endocrine disorder of the human body. There are three types of diabetes, type I (Juvenile Diabetes), type II, and gestational. Type I diabetes, also called juvenile diabetes, strikes children, and young adults (American Diabetes Association, 1995-2011). Type II diabetes is more common in certain ethnic groups, and in older people. Gestational diabetes is only present during pregnancy and usually goes away after pregnancy; however some women will develop type II diabetes in later years (American Diabetes Association, 1995-2011). Type II diabetes is considered the most common of all diabetes types. Because type II diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, this is the type that will be discussed in detail. What is type II diabetes? Type II diabetes is a disease of the endocrine (hormone) system. In a normal working endocrine system, blood sugar levels stay consistent. In the case of diabetes, blood sugar levels fluctuate causing the body’s cells to keep from function properly (Web M.D., 2005-2011). Type II diabetes occurs when the body either does not produce enough insulin, or the body cannot use the insulin properly. Insulin is a hormone regulated by the endocrine system. Insulin helps the body store and use the sugar from eaten food (Web M.D., 2005-2011). The body is made up of cells; these cells need energy that energy...
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...Johnson Psychology/300 General Psychology March 07, 2014 Bradley Johnson, Ph.D. Foundations of Psychology Psychology is the study of the nature of homo sapiens, better known as scientific study and investigation of mental stabilities and activities. Through knowledgeable psychology was established from a powerful history of human beings that endeavored to acquire practical insight into one’s consciousness or demeanor. This type of study teaches what influences the behavior and mindset of men. Psychology has obtained roots in philosophy. There are numerous major schools of thought along with fundamental theories and assumptions which will be examined within this paper. Behavioral neuroscience or behavioral psychology involves evolution, heredity, adaptation, and ability to learn. The first psychology research laboratory ever launched was by Wilhelm Wundt that led to acknowledgement of psychology as a science in 1879(Peterson, &Nelson, 2011). In the early 1900’s it was thought that an individual’s environment affected learned reactions and behaviors. Maslow believed that people acquire and improve responses from incentives in their surroundings (Maslow, 1982). The Four Main Psychological Perspectives Are: The Psychodynamic Perspective This method was formed by a man named Sigmund Freud who thought ones actions dictated their mental thoughts or they were connected in some way (Robin Kowalski, 2011). Also he believed our mental events took place through our subconscious...
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...of your paper. All numbers in the abstract, except those beginning a sentence, should be typed as digits rather than words. To count the number of words in this paragraph, select the paragraph, and on the Tools menu click Word Count. What is the Hashimoto disease? It is a condition that attacks the thyroid immune system. The thyroid is a gland localized on the neck, and it is part of the endocrine system which is in charge of the production of hormones that make your body work properly (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2012). Hashimoto disease is common know as hypothyroidism a condition that decrease the level of thyroid hormone in your body. People may remain undiagnosed of thyroid problems for a long period of time, suffering from symptoms that can be confusing with other medical condition, like depression, overweight, weakness and low heart beats. A doctor can confirm this kind of problems after taking a blood test to be sending to analyzed to the level of thyroid stimulant hormones (TSH) and T4 Hormones. After a person is diagnoses with this disease your doctor will prescribe you with the right medication and the right dose to maintain the thyroid working at the normal level. It is very important to visit your doctor frequently, so he can have a control of the level hormones in your body References Anderson, Charles & Johnson (2003). The impressive psychology paper. Chicago: Lucerne Publishing. Smith, M. (2001). Writing a successful paper. The Trey Research Monthly...
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...Anxiety, Mood/Affective, Dissociative Paper Christine Bernardo Psych 410 January 21, 2012 Sarah Wyckoff Anxiety, Mood/Affective, Dissociative Paper This paper will analyze the biological, psychodynamic, cognitive and behavioral components of anxiety, mood/affective and dissociative disorders. This paper will define the major diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. These all have one thing in common, the inability for a normal life and daily functions unless they are treated. Anxiety disorder is one of the more common types of upset. It is frequent worry and upset about activities and daily tasks. Some examples of anxiety disorders are posttraumatic stress disorder PTSD phobias and panic disorders. Biologically, anxiety affects the functioning of the autonomic nervous system, the limbic system, autoimmune processes and factors that are inherited that predispose an individual to anxiety. Emotionally anxiety disorders are due to underlying concerns or fears that have not been addressed and most of the time anxiety disorders are due to underlying sadness and upset. Anxiety can create negative views and pessimism in one's life and the person usually interprets situations incorrectly due to the haziness of the feelings they are having. There is a lack of self-esteem and emotional ability to do almost anything. The behavior that comes from anxiety happens very quickly and sometimes without reason but can feel larger-than-life and can leave you with unrelenting...
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...1 - 3 (P1,P2,P3)You are working in a health clinic and have been asked to produce a poster to explain the functions of the main cell, tissue and body components to display in the clinic. Task 4 (P4,M1,D1)You are an advisor in your local sports centre and you have been asked to design and produce an information booklet to explain to clients how the body requires and utilises energy. This should include:Produce a written report on the body’s response to exercise. The report will be based on primary and secondary research. The report will include:Task 5 (P5,M2,D2) 1. An explanation of the concept of homeostasis and its role in exercise and healthy functioning of the body. 2. Measurements collected from practical work involving physical activity and your interpretation of them together with comments on the validity of the data collected.Task 6 (P6)Complete exercise programme and complete data form and graphs sheets | The Brief | Task 1 (P1)Using a large piece of paper, produce an annotated poster of a cell as it is seen under the microscope. You must include the following; * Organelles – nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticula * Golgi apparatus * LysosomesThe notes accompanying the labels should include the main activities carried out by the organelles. Cells: cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm; organelles – mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (smooth and rough), Golgi apparatus, lysosomeTask 2...
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...Name: C.T.B. Assignment: “Our Stolen Future” Date: 12/03/2012 The Book “Our Stolen Future” is considered to be a sequel of “Silent Spring“, a Rachel’s Carson classic work, a clarion call to protect the American public from manmade synthetic pesticides that cause genetic mutations and cancer. Carson not only described how persistent chemicals were contaminating the natural world, she documented how those chemicals where accumulated into our bodies. Since then, studies of human breast milk and body fat have confirmed the extent of our exposure. Human beings in such remote locations as Canada’s far northern Baffin Island now carry traces of persistent chemicals in their bodies, including notorious compounds as PCBs, DDT and dioxin. Even worse, in the womb and through breast milk, mothers pass this chemical legacy on to the next generation. “Our Stolen Future”, the scientific discovery of Theo Colborn, Dianne Dumanoski and John Peterson Myers, takes up where Carson left off and reviews a large and growing body of scientific evidence, linking synthetic chemicals to aberrant sexual development and behavioral and reproductive problems, such as low sperm counts, infertility, genital deformities, hormonally triggered human cancers, like those of breast and prostate gland, neurological disorders in children such as hyperactivity and deficits in attention. The quality of men's sperm declined steadily in the early years of the 21st century until hardly anyone could reproduce in...
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