...Enterprise-wide knowledge management systems are firm-wide efforts to collect, store, distribute, and apply digital content and knowledge. A vast array of technologies for storing structured and unstructured content, locating employee expertise, searching for information, disseminating knowledge, and using data from key corporate systems are used. Companies have to work with many different kinds of knowledge and knowledge issues. The three major categories of enterprise-wide knowledge management systems for dealing with these different kinds of knowledge are: #1. Structured knowledge systems #2. Semi-structured knowledge systems #3. Knowledge network systems Some knowledge exists already somewhere in the firm in the form of structured text documents and reports or presentations, and the central problem is organizing this existing structured knowledge into a library and making it accessible throughout the firm. Managers may also need information that may exist somewhere inside the firm in the form of less-structured documents, such as e-mail, voice mail, chat room exchanges, videos, digital pictures, brochures, or bulletin boards. This is considered semi-structured knowledge or digital asset systems. Systems for structured and semi-structured knowledge are known as knowledge repositories. A knowledge repository is a collection of internal and external knowledge in a single location for more efficient management and utilization by the organization. Selecting and implementing...
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...and describe four reasons why information systems are so important for business today? Answer: - Capital Management - Foundation of doing business - Productivity - Strategic opportunity and advantage 2- Describe five technology and business trends that have enhanced the role of information systems in today’s competitive business environment: Answer: (chapter 1: page 8) - Internet growth and technology convergence - Transformation of the business enterprise - Globalization - Rise of the information economy - Emergence of the digital firm 3- Describe the capabilities of a digital firm. Why are digital firms so powerful? Answer: - Digital firm is one in which nearly all of the organization’s significant business relationships with customers, suppliers, and employers are digitally enabled and mediated. - Digital firms are so powerful because all companies can use internet technology for e-commerce transactions with customers and suppliers, for managing internal business process, and for coordinating with suppliers and other business partners. E-commerce includes e-commerce as well the management and coordination of the enterprise. And also digital management of key corporate assets. 4- What is information system? Distinguish between a computer, a computer program, and an information system. What is the different between data and information...
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...factors in enterprise-wide/ERP projects M ARY SUM NER School of Business, Southern Illinois University, Campus Box 1106, Edwardsville, IL 62026, USA The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors in implementing traditional management information systems projects, describe the risk factors associated with enterprise-wide/ERP (enterprise resource planning) projects and identify the risk factors in ERP projects which are unique to these projects. Some of the unique challenges in managing enterprise-wide projects which were highlighted through the ndings included the challenge of re-engineering business processes to ‘ t’ the process which the ERP software supports, investment in recruiting and reskilling technology professionals, the challenge of using external consultants and integrating their application-speci c knowledge and technical expertise with existing teams, the risk of technological bottlenecks through client-server implementation and the challenge of recruiting and retaining business analysts who combine technology and business skills. Introduction In the past few years many organizations have initiated enterprise-wide/ERP (enterprise resource planning) projects using such packages as SAP, Peoplesoft and Oracle. These projects often represent the single largest investment in an information systems (IS) project in the histories of these companies and, in many cases, the largest single investment in any corporatewide project. These enterprise-wide/ERP projects...
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...ITECH 5005 Business Information Systems Tutorial Week 9 Enterprise Resource Planning and Collaboration Systems Case Study 1: Campus ERP 1. Was the move from 20-year-old legacy systems at Stanford necessarily a good idea? Why or why not? It is a good idea because all the data throughout the new Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) will be integrate in all departments and functions throughout the staff and students in Stanford, into a single IT system (or integrated set of IT systems) so that employees and students can make decisions based on the view of the enterprise-wide information in all business operations, semesters subjects, marks, human resources payments and many more. Here in this case all have to make changes according to the system the employees and the students too. 2. In your opinion, did Stanford spend too much time consulting the ERP vendors (Oracle and PeopleSoft) and not enough time consulting their own staff? I think Stanford did spend too much time for vendors, the management paid attention to installing the new ERP administration systems as PeopleSoft HR, Oracle and others but they did not involve the users (employees and students) in selecting the software changing requirements. They have not got the sufficient resources, they do not provide enough training and proper training for their staff, and they have poor quality of communication and cultural differences. Stanford does not implement all of this because of its tight budget and of the desire...
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...Partners HealthCare System (PHS): Transforming Health Care Services Delivery through Information Management Case Description According to government sources, U.S. expenditures on health care in 2009 reached nearly $2.4 trillion dollars ($2.7 trillion by the end of 2010). Despite this vaunting national level of expenditure on medical treatment, death rates due to preventable errors in the delivery of health services rose to approximately 98,000 deaths in 2009. To address the dual challenges of cost control and quality improvement, some have argued that what is needed is an integrated electronic medical record (EMR) system and associated information technology-enabled processes. While the information systems currently available may meet the needs of the industry, the question remains as to what is required within and by the health care services organization to achieve a satisfactory response to these dual challenges. At the present time, Partners Healthcare System (PHS) maintains a centralized digital records library on over 5 million patients, augmented in real-time by data, textual comments, and artifacts (i.e. x-rays, MRI’s, EKG’s, etc.) as these patients visit doctor offices, receive hospital-based or home care services, and obtained prescription medications and other therapies. Procedures are in place to ensure the data quality and integrity of these patient files. Going forward, any health care professional across the network can access a patient’s complete...
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...Portada Management information systems managing the digital firm Part One. Organizations, Management, and the Networked Enterprise ....1 Chapter 1. Managing the Digital Firm ....2 Opening Case: DaimlerChrysler's Agile Supply Chain ....3 1.1 Why Information Systems? ....4 Why Information Systems Matter 4 • How Much Does IT Matter? 6 • Why IT Now? Digital Convergence and the Changing Business Environment ....7 1.2 Perspectives on Information Systems ....13 What Is an Information System? ....13 Windows on Organizations: Cemex: A Digital Firm in the Making ....14 Window on Technology: UPS Competes Globally with Information Technology ....17 It Isn't Just Technology: A Business Perspective on Information Systems 18 • Dimensions of Information Systems ....20 1.3 Contemporary Approaches to Information Systems ....25 Technical Approach 26 • Behavioral Approach 26 • Approach of This Text: Sociotechnical Systems ....27 1.4 Learning to Use Information Systems: New Opportunities with Technology ....27 The Challenge of Information Systems: Key Management Issues 28 • Integrating Text with Technology: New Opportunities for Learning ....30 Make IT Your Business ....31 Summary, 31 • Key Terms, 32 • Review Questions, 32 • Discussion Questions, 33 • Application Software Exercise: Database Exercise: Adding Value to Information for Management Decision Making, 33 • Dirt Bikes USA: Preparing a Management Overview of the Company, 33 • Electronic Commerce Project: Analyzing...
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...Management Information Systems Laudon & Laudon Lecture Notes on Management Information Systems (Chapters: 1, 2, 5, and 9) 1. Concepts of MIS/IS 2. What’s New in Management Information Systems? 3. Digital Firm 4. Strategic Business Objectives of Information Systems 5. Information Systems (IS) Vs. Information Technology (IT) 6. Perspectives on Information Systems 7. Information System and its Functions 8. Contemporary Approaches to Information Systems. 9. Dimensions of Information Systems 10. Defining IT infrastructure: 11. Evolution of IT infrastructure 12. The IT Infrastructure Ecosystem 13. Types of Structured Business Information Systems 14. Systems That Span the Enterprise Concepts of MIS/IS: Management Information Systems: MIS means the whole network of systems which support the organization to manage their business affairs. • Many organizations have information systems that are entirely manual. Such systems are a subset of a wider class of systems, computer-based information systems, which rely on information technology as well as humans for their operational functions. IS need not be necessarily computer-based. Management information systems (MIS) deals with behavioral issues as well as technical issues surrounding the development, use, and impact of information systems used by managers and employees in the firm. As such, MIS is defined as the study of information...
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...Chapter 1 1. How are information systems transforming business and what is their relationship to globalization? E-mail, online conferencing, and cell phones have become essential tools for conducting business. Information systems are the foundation of fast-paced supply chains. The Internet allows many businesses to buy, sell, advertise, and solicit customer feedback online. Organizations are trying to become more competitive and efficient by digitally enabling their core business processes and evolving into digital firms. The Internet has stimulated globalization by dramatically reducing the costs of producing, buying, and selling goods on a global scale. New information system trends include the emerging mobile digital platform, online software as a service, and cloud computing. 2. Why are information systems so essential for running and managing a business today? Information systems are a foundation for conducting business today. In many industries, survival and the ability to achieve strategic business goals are difficult without extensive use of information technology. Businesses today use information systems to achieve six major objectives: operational excellence; new products, services, and business models; customer/ supplier intimacy; improved decision making; competitive advantage; and day-to-day survival. 3. What exactly is an information system? How does it work? What are its management, organization, and technology components? From a technical...
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...REGULAR PAPER Enterprise knowledge management model: a knowledge tower Ercan Oztemel · Seher Arslankaya Received: 2 February 2009 / Accepted: 7 May 2011 / Published online: 22 May 2011 © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2011 Abstract One of the most important aspects of knowledge management (KM) is to create a system that is capable of providing mechanisms and methodologies allowing the right knowledge to be at the right place and at the right person as well as at the right time within an enterprise. There have been several models developed for this purpose. The main objectives of these models are to organize the knowledge activities to increase competitive advantage and turn the market share into a continuous and permanent superiority through utilizing the intellectual capital of the enterprise for better products and services. When existing models are carefully analyzed, it can be clearly seen that every model addresses different aspects of KM. While some of these models have been intensifying on the use of technology and production of knowledge, the others rather focus on the utilization of knowledge itself. Although these models point out the importance of managerial participation, they are mainly designed to be facilitated at operational levels. It is now obviously seen that there is a need for a new model that will deal with KM at strategic, tactic, and operational levels in an integrated manner. In this study, an enterprise knowledge management model (EKMM) is developed...
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...Abstract One might think that a hospitals soul operations is to provide doctors and nurses to assist patients with their sickness and diseases. However, there is a ton of operations and systems that go on in the background. At Patton-Fuller Community Hospital, they split up their business information systems in four ways. Patton-Fuller Community Hospital use this system to improve communication and collaboration between senior management, employees, doctors, nurses and patients. In addition, the current system is suppose to improve the efficiency of hospital operations, relationships with current and future patients, and assist senior executives in managing hospital finances. PFCH System Breakdown The current breakdown of the business information system is split between the following: Accounting and Finance Information System, Human Resources Information System, Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Information System, Knowledge Management (KM) Information System. These four systems combine creates Patton-Fuller Community Hospital. The Accounting and Finance Information System; is primarily used by senior executives. The Patton-Fuller senior executives use this system to manage, cash flow, assets, liabilities, and net income. After all this information has been entered into this system PFCH has the ability to generate financial statements in which are requirements by federal regulations. For example, at the end of the month, someone from the PFCH team will enter in all...
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...1. Describe three ways in which information systems are transforming business. Transformation of Industrial Economies While leading companies achieve competitive advantage through investments in IT, some are indeed negatively affected by this trend in technology. Today, customers have other preferences hence, old landline communications companies have lessen its customers; travel agencies have reduced over-the-counter sales; and entertainment industries, particularly music and film have lower revenues these past few years as compared with that in the past. But despite of these, technology convergence arises in many ways. IT has broken down boundaries and business relationships while new products and services are introduced. For example, telecommunications network are offering its subscribers with landline telephones merged with Internet services; handheld mobile telephones are becoming Internet access devices and also cellular networks provide financial services to its customers. The bottom-line of it all is that endless possibilities are in the doors of business firms, provided that they are being open to IT-enabled tools and solutions. Negatively affected industries can create new products and services, find another platform to deliver existing products and services, or take partnership from another firm. Transformation of the Business Enterprise One foremost impact of technology is the reduced employees in every organization. While traditional businesses tend to hire...
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...Chapter 2 Information Systems in the Enterprise Prepared by: Mrs Sanjana Motee Bedaysee 1 OBJECTIVES • Major types of systems in organizations • Systems from a functional perspective. • Integrating Functions and business processes (Introduction to Enterprise Applications). • Management opportunities, challenges and solutions 2 Major Types of Systems in Organizations • Since no single system can provide all the information an organization needs or serve all of its interests, unique systems are used to handle the differing operational, management, and strategic-level needs. [Figure 2-1] FIGURE 2-1 Types of information systems 3 Different Kinds of Systems • Organizations can be divided into strategic, management, and operational levels and into four major functional areas: sales and marketing, manufacturing and production, finance and accounting, and human resources. Information systems serve each of these levels and functions. • Operational-level systems support operational managers’ needs for current, accurate, and easily accessible information primarily used to keep track of the elementary activities and transactions of the organization. Management-level systems serve the monitoring, controlling, decision-making, and administrative activities of middle managers. • • Strategic-level systems help senior managers with long-range planning needed to meet changes in the external and internal business environment. There are...
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...Pella, Nestle & Volkswagen Knowledge: Knowledge is a familiarity, awareness or understanding of someone or something, such as facts, information, descriptions, or skills, which is acquired through experience or education by perceiving, discovering, or learning. (1) Knowledge is information that is contextual, relevant and actionable. Knowledge is very distinct from data and information and provides a higher level of meaning about that data and information. Data are the collection of facts, measurements and statistics. Information is organized or processed data that are timely and accurate. Enterprise-wide knowledge management systems are general-purpose firm-wide efforts to collect, store, distribute and apply digital content and knowledge. Such systems provide databases and tools for organizing and storing structured and unstructured documents and other knowledge objects, directories and tools for locating employees with expertise in a particular area and increasingly, web-based tools for collaboration and communication. Common Issue or Set of Issues Nestle, Pella, and Volkswagen were all in need of new Knowledge Management (KM) systems for improving efficiencies. Similarities in the needs of these companies included integration of systems, transparency across the entire company, and coordinating departments within their organizations. All three wanted to have one set of common processes throughout their entire organizations, with the belief that all employees, customers...
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...CIS2000 Systems Analysis and Design Chapter One Tutorial Analysing the Business Case Review Questions * What is information technology, and why is it important to a business? Ans: Information technology (IT) is a combination of hardware and software products and services that companies use to manage, access, communicate, and share information. More than ever, business success depends on information technology. According to a Department of Commerce report, the IT industry has created a new economy, where advances in hardware, software, and connectivity provide unprecedented benefits to businesses and individuals around the world. * Identify the main components of information systems, and describe the system’s stakeholders? Ans: An information system has five key components: hardware, software, data, processes, and people. People who have an interest in an information system are called stakeholders. Stakeholder groups include the management group responsible for the system; the users, sometimes called end users, inside and outside the company who will interact with the system; and IT staff members, such as systems analysts, programmers, and network administrators who develop and support the system * Describes five types of information systems, and give an example of each. Ans: Information systems include enterprise computing systems, transaction processing systems, business support systems, knowledge management systems, and user productivity systems. Enterprise...
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...Introduction to Management Information Systems Summary 1. Explain why information systems are so essential in business today. Information systems are a foundation for conducting business today. In many industries, survival and even existence is difficult without extensive use of information technology. Information systems have become essential for helping organizations operate in a global economy. Organizations are trying to become more competitive and efficient by transforming themselves into digital firms where nearly all core business processes and relationships with customers, suppliers, and employees are digitally enabled. Businesses today use information systems to achieve six major objectives: operational excellence; new products, services, and business models; customer/supplier intimacy; improved decision making; competitive advantage; and day-to-day survival. 2. Define an information systems from both a technical and a business perspective. From a technical perspective, an information system collects, stores, and disseminates information from an organization’s environment and internal operations to support organizational functions and decision making, communication, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization. Information systems transform raw data into useful information through three basic activities: input, processing, and output. From a business perspective, an information system provides a solution to a problem or challenge facing a firm and provides real...
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