...over Erik Erikson Erik Erikson was born on June 15, 1902 in Frankfurt, Germany and later died on May 12, 1994. He in his early age studied arts and many other languages; he never liked formal school. After graduating high school, he was focusing on becoming an artist. He decided to travel around Europe for a whole year than Erik decided to enroll in an arts school back in Germany which he stayed there for several years. Erik Later in 1933 he moved to Boston, Massachusetts where he filled the position at Harvard Medical School. Once he was at Harvard, he met psychologists such as “Henry Murray” and “Kurt Lewin” and anthropologists like “Ruth Benedict”, “Margaret Mead”, and “Gregory Bateson” which for that reason it impacted him....
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...Eric Erikson was a worldwide famous psychologist and psychoanalyst. He was well known for his theory on psychosocial development of human beings. Erikson graduated from The Vienna Psychoanalytic Institute as a child analyst where he was trained by the prestigious psychoanalyst Anna Freud. He was deeply fascinated with the various theories on personality development. It was this fascination that marked the beginning of his integration of the analytic clinical perspective with the social and economic events that influence a child. So what is Erikson's Stages of Development? In this essay we will discuss this matter. Erikson life-stage virtues, in order of the eight stages in which they may be acquired, are: 1. Basic trust vs. basic mistrust - This stage covers the period of infancy. 0-1 year of age. - Whether or not the baby develops basic trust or basic mistrust is not merely a matter of nurture. It depends on the quality of the maternal relationship. If successful, the baby develops a sense of trust, which “forms the basis in the child for a sense of identity“. 2. Autonomy vs. Shame - Covers early childhood - Introduces the concept of autonomy vs. shame and doubt. During this stage the child is trying to master toilet training. 3. Purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Preschool / 3–6 years - Does the child have the ability to or do things on their own, such as dress him or herself? If "guilty" about making his or her own choices, the child will not function well.. ...
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...Erik Erikson Born on the 15th of June 1902, Erik Erikson was a German born American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst. He is most famous for coining the phrase identity crisis. Erik’s mother was from a prominent Jewish family who lived in Copenhagen, Denmark, little is known about Erik’s biological father and he was adopted by his stepfather in 1911. He was a tall, blond, blue-eyed boy who was raised in the Jewish religion, making him the centre of bullying at his temple for being a Nordic and at his grammar school for being a Jew. The development of identity became one of Erikson’s greatest concerns. In 1930 he married Joan Mowat Serson, a Canadian dancer and artist whom Erikson had met at a dress ball. He converted to Christianity during his marriage and they had two sons together. During 1930, with Hitler’s rise to power in Germany, the burning of Freud’s books in Berlin and the potential Nazi threat to Austria the Eriksons left to Copenhagen only to find out they were unable to regain Danish citizenship, so they left for the United States. In the U.S. Erikson became the first chid psychoanalyst in Boston. Erikson served as a professor at prominent institutions such as Harvard and Yale even though he lacked even a bachelor degree. Sigmund Freud described personality development as a series of stages. Early childhood being the most important. He believed that personality developed by the age of about 5. Like Freud, Erik Erikson believed in the importance of...
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...Psychology is Erikson, a German Psychologist who created eight psychosocial stages that humans encounter throughout their life, the stages are: Trust vs. Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt, Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority, Identity vs. Role Confusion, Intimacy vs. Isolation, Generativity vs. Stagnation, and Integrity vs. Despair . Erik Homberger Erikson was born in 1902 near Frankfort, Germany to Danish parents. Erik studied art and a variety of languages during his school years, rather than science courses such as biology and chemistry. He didn’t support the idea of going to college so instead he traveled around Europe, keeping a diary of his events. After a year of doing this, he returned to Germany and attended art school. After a period of time, Erikson began to teach art and other subjects American children who had come to Vienna for training. He was then permitted into the Vienna Psychoanalytic Institute. In 1933 he came to the U.S. and became Boston's first child analyst and got a position at the Harvard Medical School. Later on, he also held positions at institutions including Yale and Berkeley Erikson then returned to California to the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Palo Alto and later the Mount Zion Hospital in San Francisco, where he was a clinician and psychiatric consultant, in which he then proceeded to create his eight stages. The first stage, Trust vs. Mistrust, occurs from approximately birth to one year. Erikson defined...
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...developmental theory, moral development, and gender and cultural influences. Erikson Erikson’s developmental theory will be used to analyze my life stage by stage. I will compare Erikson’s theory of development to Lawrence Kohlberg’s model of moral development and analyze how these theories have affected my development from birth to adulthood. Last I will evaluate hoe factors can be explained within the context of gender differences and environmental, cultural, and ethnic influences. We all have different personality traits many are inborn temperament traits and others were learned based on our environment and the support we receive in growing up. Erikson became a leading figure in the psychosocial study of human growth and development, formulating nine stages, with a “conflict” or “crisis” to be resolved at each stage for healthy development to occur (Crandell, Crandell, Zanden, p. 39, 2009). Each stage builds on the preceding stages and the crisis in each stage should be resolved by the ego in that stage. As employed by Erikson (1968a, p. 286), a crisis is not “a threat of catastrophe but a turning point, a crucial period of increased vulnerability and heightened potential.” More importantly he said, “remember that conflict and tension are sources of growth, strength, and commitment” (Erikson & Erikson, 1997) (Crandell, Crandell, Zanden, p. 39, 2009). Erikson first stage of psychosocial development is trust vs. mistrust the developmental period is from birth to year. The task...
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...------------------------------------------------- The stages Hul Hope: Trust vs. Mistrust (Infants, 0 to 1 year) * Psychosocial Crisis: Trust vs. Mistrust * Virtue: Hope The first stage of Erik Erikson's theory centers aro und the infant's basic needs being met by the parents. The infant depends on the parents, especially the mother, for food, sustenance, and comfort. The child's relative understanding of world and society come from the parents and their interaction with the child. If the parents expose the child to warmth, regularity, and dependable affection, the infant's view of the world will be one of trust. Should the parents fail to provide a secure environment and to meet the child's basic need a sense of mistrust will result. According to Erik Erikson, the major developmental task in infancy is to learn whether or not other people, especially primary caregivers, regularly satisfy basic needs. If caregivers are consistent sources of food, comfort, and affection, an infant learns trust- that others are dependable and reliable. If they are neglectful, or perhaps even abusive, the infant instead learns mistrust- that the world is in an undependable, unpredictable, and possibly dangerous place. [edit]Will: Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt (Toddlers, 2 to 3 years) * Psychosocial Crisis: Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt * Main Question: "Can I do things myself or must I always rely on others?" * Virtue: Will As the child gains control over eliminative...
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...Legarteja Erik Homburger Erikson was a German-born American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst known for his theory on psychosocial development of human beings Background: Born in Frankfurt, Erik Erikson's lifelong interest in the psychology of identity may be traced to his birth. He was born on June 15, 1902. The circumstances of his birth were concealed from him in his childhood. His Danish-born mother, Karla Abrahamsen, came from a prominent Jewish family in Copenhagen. At the time of her son's birth in Germany, Karla Abrahamsen had not seen her husband, Jewish stockbroker Waldemar Isidor Salomonsen, for several months. Nonetheless, the boy was registered as Erik Salomonsen .There is no more information about his biological father, except that he was a Dane and his given name probably was Erik Erikson was a student and teacher of arts. While teaching at a private school in Vienna, he became acquainted with Anna Freud, the daughter of Sigmund Freud. Erikson underwent psychoanalysis, and the experience made him decide to become an analyst himself. He was trained in psychoanalysis at the Vienna Psychoanalytic Institute and also studied the Montessori method of education, which focused on child development and sexual stages. Theories of development and the ego Erikson is credited with being one of the originators of Ego psychology, which stressed the role of the ego as being more than a servant of the id. According to Erikson, the environment in which a child...
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...parent, retirement, and one’s own death. One of the important things that a person needs to develop is his personality. According to Merriam-Webster Dictionary, personality is the set of qualities and behaviors that makes a person different from other people. From the definition, lots of questions arise. Some examples are “What makes them different from the other?”, “Why are they behaving like that?”, and “Who am I?” In order to answer those questions, Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development will help to understand the complexity of human personality. Erikson’s ‘psychosocial’ term is derived from two words – ‘psychological’ means mind and ‘social’ means external relationships (Chapman, 2013). According to Ramkumar (2002), Erik Erikson did most of his works during the 1930s to the 1950s as a psychologist. He was fascinated in child analysis. He was the student of Sigmund Freud and he was inspired by his works. From the article of Chapman (2013), Erikson’s psychosocial theory was drawn and was extended from the ideas of Sigmund Freud and his daughter, Anna Freud and the concepts within psychosexual theory of human development. Freud concepts are not however fundamental to Erikson’s theory which stands up well in its own right. Freud focused on the nature of human which includes the concepts of genitals, and sex which attract a lot of attention and criticisms. Compared to Freud, Erikson’s concepts focused more...
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...development. The theory and its fundamental principals are reviewed through experts views the and various aspects of the eight stages of human development. Erikson profoundly affected the psychological views of human development. Furthermore, he accented and formulated the development of personality and identity in relation and social roles based on psychoanalytic theory. Erik Homberger Erikson’s theory of development is perhaps one of the most widely applied models to emerge from the field of psychology during the last century. Born in Frankfurt, Germany to Danish parents in 1902, Erikson was an indifferent student who felt he did not “fit in” with regard to formal educational settings. Perhaps his self-awareness helped him to formulate his very unique theory. Erikson might be described as a disciple of Sigmund Freud. He considered himself psychoanalytic in terms of theoretical or philosophical perspective, and he agreed with Freud on many basic assumptions . Like Jung, Horney, and others, Erikson began with Freudian assumptions and built upon them. The result is a theoretical perspective quite distinct from that of the “master.” Erikson’s theory, then, is characterized by several “points of departure” from his mentor’s approach. The most immediately obvious difference is that Erikson places considerably less emphasis on the role of sexual instincts and drives and more on the social context in which the individual grows and develops . This...
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...socio-emotional development. I will discuss various theories of human development, identify the social and emotional domains development and how they affect temperament. I will discuss the eight stages of socialization according to Eric Erikson, and the cultural perspectives of temperament. A person’s temperament, biology, environment, and even attachment to others can affect how social the individual is. Temperament is an important aspect of emotional development. Temperament is the pattern of arousal and emotionality that are consistent and enduring characteristics of an individual (Shriner B., & Shriner M., 2014). We all have a temperament, and according to Eric Erikson we gain our temperament as infants. Individual children carry with them somewhat stable, biologically determined factors, such as temperaments that dispose them to be more or less aroused physiologically and emotionally to social stimuli or that facilitate or inhibit social approach orientations and emotional expression (Rubin, K. H. (1998). Erikson’s greatest contribution is his focus on psychosocial development, which refers to the development within the social environment in which a person lives, primarily focusing on relationships with other people (Erikson, 1968). Erikson believed that there are certain time periods in which humans must gain certain insights (Witt, G., & Mossler, R., 2010). Erikson's psychosocial theory basically asserts that people experience eight 'psychosocial crisis stages'...
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...discovering how children grow and learn. Erik Erikson and Jean Piaget are two theorists that have made a lot of headway in the child developmental field. With some similar and different concepts, these theorists made a huge impact in the psychology world. Born in Germany, Erickson never agreed with traditional schooling. He graduated...
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...through the struggle that he went to. Another benefit of life Erik Erikson was an American developmental psychologist who came up with the theory of ego-integrity vs despair. Eric Erikson proposed a theory of psychological development that consists of eight stage in life from childhood to the late adulthood. During each stage, a person experiences a crisis which could have positive or a negative influence in personality development. The last stage Erikson’s psychological developments is Ego integrity vs despair. This developmental stage occurs at the late stage of person’s life when we grow older and start contemplating our accomplishments and our life decisions. During this time, we develop integrity if we see ourselves as leading a successful life. Whereas if we feel guilty about our past, or fell that we did not see our lives as a productive one, we are not satisfied with our life and develop despair. Erikson believe that positive outcome in this stage which is Ego integrity, enable a person to look back on their life with a sense of satisfaction and accept death without fear. Ego integrity vs despair can also be taken as how we feel about our life at the final stage of our life. It might be the we feel happy about living our life or we regret living it (Hogstel, M.O., & Curry, L.C. 1995). Another benefit of life review is that it can help older individual to acquire ego integrity and avoid despair. It help elderly to accept their life with few or no regrets by helping...
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...|Name: |OBIOMA MADUBUIKE |Date: |6/5/2016 | Overview: Life Review – Ego Integrity Research (Erikson) In preparation for the Life Review interview, you will research the theories of Eric Erikson. This assignment will help you record, organize, and analyze important information about Erikson’s Stages of Development. At the completion of the interview, you may be able to determine the degree to which the client has achieved ego integrity as defined by Erikson (1986). Failure to achieve ego integration may manifest itself in disgust and/or fear of death. Nurses can encourage elders to write about their life experiences by assigning topics which can be shared with a group or can use a guided interview to provide a sense of continuity and experience the human need for connectedness. Life that can be viewed across years may balance the highs and lows with a sense of completeness, as opposed to remembering the regrets. Performance Objectives: • Apply gerontologic nursing principles and standards in nursing practice across the continuum of elder care. • Use current evidence and theories in care of older adults. Rubric Use this rubric to guide your work on the assignment, “Ego Integrity Research.” |Task |Accomplished |Proficient |Needs Improvement | |Conduct Research...
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...different theories that explains the aspects of our personality, the theories are the followings, trait theories, psychoanalytic theories, behavioral theories, humanist theories and personality disorder, the main theory that I’m going to concentrate on is personality disorder. (Boreree,2006 para 24,25,26,27,28 ) talked about the underlining mechanics of the theory the key of the concept is the epigenetic principle, that we develop true predetermine serious of the stages, and always our earlier successes in our earlier stages will effect or impact our success in our future stages. Each stage involved development tasks or crisis to psychosocial in nature, in crisis are refer by two terms that is the opposite of each other, example: identity vs. confusion, trust mistrust. Each stage has optimal time until the person is ready to accomplish that stage, no one can force...
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...1. Trust vs. mistrust * Basic trust is the sense that others are dependable and will nurture and provide for you, as well as the sense that one is worthy of care, and inherently trustworthy. It is based in good, appropriate, responsive parenting. The baby is busy soaking up the stimulation available- food, sensory stimulation- and actively assimilates these experiences into a picture of self and the world. This is an interactive stage, as the baby tries to explore and get the parent to pay attention. If the world is not responsive to the baby’s needs, s/he develops a sense of mistrust. Some mistrust is useful, as complete naiveté or gullibility puts a person at risk. In a healthy resolution, there is more trust than mistrust however, allowing the person to connect with others and trust them. * The virtue developed is Hope. 2. Autonomy vs. shame, doubt * During the second year of life the toddler develops a sense of autonomy and self control, due in part to toilet training and motor development, walking and climbing. The psychological issue is broader, though, including the concepts of holding on and letting go. Adults that support toddlers’ exploration and protect them from their vulnerability build in a sense of personal control. Those who are over-protected or shamed by their experiences or parents’ discipline develop a sense of doubt in their efforts at independence. Autonomy should prevail in a healthy development, but some shame and doubt enable moral...
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