...The determinants and Challenges in Supply Chain of Pharmaceuticals in South West Region Contents The determinants and Challenges in Supply Chain of Pharmaceuticals Fund and Supply Agency (PFSA) 1 Jimma Hub to Supply Quality Assured Essential pharmaceuticals to Health Facilities in South West Region 1 !Unexpected End of Formula 1. Introduction 2 1.1. Statement of the Problem 3 1.2. Study goal, objectives and indicators 3 1.2.1. Goal 3 1.2.2. Objective & Indicators 3 1.3. Hypothesis 4 1.4. Significance of the Study 4 1.5. Scope of the Study 5 2. Literature Review 5 2.1. TODAY'S CHALLENGES 6 2.2. Supply Chain Pain Points 6 2.2.1. Lack of Visibility, Particularly Upstream 6 2.2.2. Alignment with Third-Party Service Providers 7 2.2.3. Supply Chain Traceability 7 3. Methodology 8 3.1. Sources of Data 8 3.2. Method of Sampling Technique 8 3.3. Method of Data Collection 8 3.4. Study Population 8 3.5. Plan of Action 9 3.6. Management Plan 9 4. Conclusion 10 5. References 11 Abstract The Pharmaceuticals Fund and Supply Agency is focusing on supplying 100% Essential Medicines to public health facilities. The focus stems from the increasing health problem of the public that the health facilities should address accordingly. The objective of this study is, therefore, to identify challenges in supply chain of pharmaceuticals and determining factors that contribute to these challenges at PFSA Jimma hub. The study will use both an observational...
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...Supply Chain Coordination and Bullwhip Effect Name University Instructor Institution Date Supply chain coordination and bullwhip effect Introduction The development of effective coordination in organizations is essential for the maximization of the process of turning competitive advantage into profitability. Such coordination must occur both within the organization production and sales departments and beyond to include organizations contracted to handle its products. The process of coordination seeks to ensure that customer satisfaction is achieved through the adoption of approaches that are in tandem with their point of view. Organizations also adopt supply chain coordination to enable them align their plans with the objectives of individual enterprises that that handles their products. As such, the process emphasizes on the management of inventories and the ordering process within the organization and also within other organizations that do business with the company (Gupta & Mishra, 2012). Bullwhip effect is a trend that results into significant swings in the inventory responses in relations to alterations customer’s demands. The instability witnessed with the customer’s demand leads to the need for organizations make forecasts for demands in order to enable them position their inventory and other resources in line with the customer demand. As a product moves up the supply change, the participants within the chain observe variations in demand and this...
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...integration, or a different supply chain strategy. An efficient supply chain is fundamental to the success of any organization. The expense of the supply chain is usually an organizations largest cost therefore implementing a strategy that effectively minimizes costs while maintaining product quality is an effective way to increase profits. The best way to minimize costs and maximize product quality is to adopt a lean operations strategy that includes just in time (JIT) initiatives. Central to the JIT technique is continuous problem solving. JIT requires that items and materials are ordered only when needed minimizing inventory. When inventory is minimized wasted costs in layout, quality, and procurement are easily spotted and immediately dealt with. With JIT very few suppliers are chosen creating large commitments to the organization. The suppliers should also use JIT and offer their expertise in design and quality control to the supply chain. Since the owners of the power tool company are willing to own or invest in any component of the supply chain I would recommend they initiate a Keiretsu. A Keiretsu is a company coalition which includes few key suppliers and secondary suppliers. The power tool company would support key members of the Keiretsu through ownership or loans. The suppliers are assured stability and a long term relationships and in return are expected to provide expertise and consistent quality. A Keiretsu reduces supply chain costs because it eliminates...
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...Introduction to Supply Chains / Logistics Networks What is a Supply Chain? An Introduction to Supply Chains by Khalid Sheikh / 1.1.2 of 101 Supply chain is the global network used to deliver products and services from raw materials to end customers through an engineered flow of information, physical distribution, and cash. —APICS* Dictionary *American Production and Inventory Control Society An Introduction to Supply Chains by Khalid Sheikh / 1.1.3 of 101 A supply chain consists of all parties involved, directly or indirectly, in fulfilling a customer request. The supply chain includes not only the manufacturer and suppliers, but also transporters, warehouses, retailers, and customers themselves. An Introduction to Supply Chains by Khalid Sheikh / 1.1.4 of 101 Within each organization, such as a manufacturing company, the supply chain includes all functions involved in receiving and filling a customer request. These functions include, but are not limited to, new product development, marketing, operations, distribution, finance, and customer service. An Introduction to Supply Chains by Khalid Sheikh / 1.1.5 of 101 Supply Chain A network of two or more legally separated organizations that have upstream and/or downstream linkages. An Introduction to Supply Chains by Khalid Sheikh / 1.1.6 of 101 The linkages are in the form of: Material flows Information flows Financial flows An Introduction to Supply Chains by Khalid Sheikh / 1...
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...obtain visibility of the whole supply chain. One of the most commonly used methods is Risk Map, which allocates the possible supply chain risk according to their occurrence frequency and impact on the supply chain. In the practice and theory, there are several Risk Maps are available such as 3 to 3, 4 to 4, 5 to 5 and, etc. Example to the 5 to 5 Risk...
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...that can be gained by implementing IS and IT strategies within the organisation. Specifically this report will be discussing about supply chain management, customer relationship management and E-commerce as three very innovative solutions that are very crucial for the continued existence and increased profitability of Classact. We will be discussing on how other organisations who have implemented customer relationship management, supply chain management and E-commerce have been able to forge ahead of their competitors, increase their profits and maintain that same one to one relationship with the customers. Finally recommendations have been made as to how Classact can forge ahead of their competitors instead of falling prey to bankruptcy by lagging behind in IS and IT innovation. Today it has become critical for businesses to adopt e-commerce in order to gain a competitive advantage and meet customer needs. It's biggest advantage being the accessibility to customers, suppliers and buyers all over the world by the medium of Internet and various networks. It has also resulted in cost reduction in areas like marketing, processing and storage of information. It has proven to be increase efficiency of the business. E-commerce works in collaboration with another crucial area for businesses 'Supply Chain Management'. 'Supply Chain' is an entire chain of facilities and various distribution channels facilitated for a whole network of businesses to be able to work collaboratively to...
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...of Internet Customers……………………………………………..……4 Integration with the Existing business processes……………………………………..5 Analysis of Logistics Processes………………………………………………………5 Resources required for Website maintenance and support…………………………...5 Implementation Strategy……………………………………………………………………..6 Planning for Website designing……………………………………………………....6 E-marketing and Promotion strategy……………………………………………..…..7 E-supply Chain Management Strategy…………………………………………..…...7 Integration with the Existing System…………………………………………..…….8 Protection of Business………………………………………………………………..………8 Risk from E-business and measures to control…………………………..…………..9 Future Development in E-Business………………………………………………..…………9 Mobile technology and impact of XTML on E-business………………….…………9 Impact of supply chain integration and e-business on international competencies…10 Conclusion and Recommendation…………………………………………………………..10 References…………………………………………………………………………………..11 E-Business Strategy 3 Introduction With the increase enhancement in the field of technology, it has been considered essential by the businesses to implement such technology in their business processes. Further, the increasing demand from the customers regarding the better quality of products and services delivered to their doorstep has also necessitated for the businesses to implement the e-business strategy in their business processes. E-business which is commonly known as electronic business implies the application of information...
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...conclusion about what makes up the essential characteristics of effective logistics. What value does his thesis that there are 'three feasible pipeline designs' have for your industry or an industry you know? Introduction: In his paper, Professor Christopher, examines a number of arguments in an aim to come up with unique essential characteristics of an effective supply chain. He has discussed matching of pipelines to the market place needs under conditions of demand volatility and price pressure and thus discovers that the scenario of “one size fits all” does not apply to pipe line design, implementation and control. In his analysis of various researches from other authors, he suggests appropriate supply chain strategies that can be developed upon existing contingent market characteristics to achieve high level of customer responsiveness at a less total cost to the supply chain as a whole. He considers three key dimensions that may lead to a taxonomic approach to selection of the appropriate strategy with in a supply chain as: • Product characteristics • Demand characteristics • Replenishment lead time He marries together particular combinations of lean/agile operations and develops a taxonomy suitable for matching pipelines to meet market requirements based on demand(Predictable/volatile), Product(standard/special) and lead times( short/long). Arguments for effective logistics: Logistics is an important component of supply chain management (Stank et al., 2005)...
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...Mapping the “Super” Supply Chain for Comic Books MKT/421 Introduction The supply chain is a vital part of the economic system as a whole. This system is responsible for the availability of medicine, foods, fuel and other necessary elements of life. But, more importantly the supply chain allows the movement of one of the life's essential items, comic books. This paper will map the supply chain and introduce you to three new comic book superheroes in the process. Each step of the supply chain will be detailed. These steps are manufacturing, distributing and retail (Cohen, 2011). The Manufacturer: AKA The Amazing Artist Man More powerful than Superman, cagier than The Amazing Spiderman, he is the first hero we will meet. He is the beginning of the vast comic book universe. Our first hero is known as the Amazing Artist man. He/she is the beginning of this storied process. The Amazing Artist Man gets the creative ball rolling. He or she is integral in setting the proper direction that the story will go. They also have other responsibilities that they are responsible for. Such items include:. * Design the layout and story board of the comic book * Spark the creative flow/process for continuity of the storylines. * Improves story designs based on customer feedback. * Establishes branding to amplify the quality of the product. For the largest comic book companies (DC and Marvel) creating and sustaining a brand image that focuses on excitement and...
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...Supply Chain Paper Supply Chain Paper Supply chain logistics is a fundamental component of the global economic system. Goods can change hands from a variety of different global companies, which some form of value being added at each stage. The supply chain can be best described as "the complete set of firms and facilities and logistic activities that are involved in producing materials, transforming them into intermediate or finished products, and distributing them to customers” (Perreault, 2011). In the context of marketing, the following paper will map the supply chain of the solar panel industry. Solar panel is a growing industry that has seen a massive amount of growth over the last 10 years. Each major piece of the supply chain is outlined in detail, which includes the manufacturer, distributor, and retailer. Manufacturer Solar panels are an alternative energy source that is used for a variety of applications in commercial and residential settings (First Solar, 2014). The majority of panels are manufactured overseas where companies can take advantage of lower labor costs. Under the direction of U.S. based firms, the typical supply chain of a solar panel company may include the following roles. * Designs the technical layout and schematics of the solar panel. * Plans the product mix and materials * Tests safety of technology before wide release. * Sources raw materials, such as aluminum and silicon diodes. * Creates branding to back-up the...
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...Supply Chain Management Certificate This “practical” interactive certificate series is designed to provide participants with a detailed look at global supply chain management with a focus on Purchasing, Inventory, and Warehousing. This certificate addresses issues in terms of today’s global supply chain and its supply chain streams and flow process, so practitioners can know how to make the most of this powerful tool. You will have the opportunity to explore a variety of global supply chain management areas in depth, extrapolate their logistics meanings, and apply the techniques needed to make it all work for your organization. Mastering the supply chain’s dynamics is no longer extraneous to survival in today's global environment—it's essential. Because logistics affects 30% or more of the value added to your product, it offers abundant areas of opportunity and exciting possibilities for lowering the bottom line. Where you may not be able to control the outside influences, ambiguities, and contradictions of the global economy at large, you can have a profound influence on controlling those internal logistics factors that substantially affect your profitability or cost containment efforts. Course Schedule Global Supply Chain Basics and Technology (Day 1) Global Logistics Basics and Functionality (Day 2) Essential Aspects of Purchasing (Day 3) Inventory ManagementPractices (Day 4) Mastering Warehouse Mechanics (Day 5) WHO SHOULD ATTEND • Logistics, supply chain, procurement...
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...MKT 421 Week 5 Map the Supply Chain Paper Name University Map the Supply Chain – Introduction Supply chain logistics is a fundamental component of the global economic system. Goods can change hands from a variety of different global companies, which some form of value being added at each stage. In the context of marketing, the following paper will map the supply chain of the solar panel industry. This is a growing industry that has seen a massive amount of growth over the last 10 years. Each major piece of the supply chain will be outlined in detail, which includes the manufacturer, distributer, and retailer. Manufacturer Solar panels are an alternative energy source that is used for a variety of applications in commercial and residential settings. The majority of panels are manufactured overseas where companies can take advantage of lower labor costs. Under the direction of U.S. based firms, the typical supply chain of a solar panel company may include the following roles. * Designs the technical layout and schematics of the solar panel. * Tests safety of technology before wide release. * Sources raw materials, such as aluminum and silicon diodes. * Creates branding to backup the quality of the product. * Improves product designs based on customer feedback. * Ensures panels meet environmental compliance regulations. Some of the largest solar panel manufacturers include First Solar, Sun Power, and LDK Solar. These brands compete with each...
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...1. An effective supply strategy primarily focuses on linking: a. current needs to current markets. b. future needs to future markets. c. current needs to future markets. d. future needs to current markets. e. current and future needs to current and future markets. 2. Organizational objectives and supply objectives typically are expressed: a. differently, making it difficult to translate organizational objectives into supply objectives. b. differently, providing the supply manager multiple opportunities to tap into organizational resources. c. the same (survival, growth, financial, and environmental), making it easy to translate organizational objectives into supply objectives. d. the same factors (quality, quantity, price, delivery and service), but long-term at the organizational level and short-term at the supply level. e. in ways that are very specific to the organization, making it difficult to convey objectives to suppliers. 3. Which one of the following is NOT one of the six major supply strategy areas: a. competitive-edge strategies. b. environmental-change strategies. c. new-product design strategies. d. risk-management strategies. e. cost-reduction strategies. 4. When developing supply strategies related to “how to buy,” decisions must be made about: i. systems and procedures ii. goals and objectives. iii. make or buy. iv. large or small inventories. v. none of the above. 5. The key question in strategic supply management is: ...
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...that has been outlined by management is a supplier global expansion project. Management has its eyes set on China as a new supply base. As with any project, the benefits may be obvious but undertaking the project also comes with its fair share of risks. Objectives and Resources In an effort to remain a leader in the global market, TechnoToday has made the decision to expand its supply base into China. Accomplishing this goal, however, can be a daunting task. A global supply chain needs to be agile and robust in order to meet the needs of multiple markets while simultaneously handling ever changing needs. A supply chain needs to be responsive to customer and organizational needs in terms of products as well as sourcing, manufacturing, transport, environmental and human resource relations. A global expansion project entails much more than simply setting up shop in another country, but luckily there are a number of tools available to help streamline the process. There are multiple resources that can be utilized to aid in the international transition. Historical data and records, for example, can be an excellent source of information. More and more organizations throughout many different markets realize the benefits of globalization and outsourcing with a good portion of them selecting China as their new territory. China is no stranger to incoming supply chains and outsourcing operations. A multitude of information can be collected from organizations that have successfully made the...
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...Manufacturing Strategy Shavone Homer OPS/571 June 01, 2015 Professor W. Page Manufacturing Strategy Intro Summary of Concepts TOPIC I: SAM Enter Text Metrics and Supplier Relationship Periodical review of supply chain performance is essential to developing efficient processes to meet the demand for products manufactured by Riordan. Performance evaluations enable managers to benchmark goals, organize workload and analyze cost efficient processes within each phase of the supply process. Metrics establish standards of efficiency and an adequate median to accommodate for the product demand. The Supply Chain Cycle Time and Inventory Analysis will be evaluated to measure the efficiency of the electric fan supply chain. Analysis and improvements of the Supply Chain Cycle Time and Inventory Analysis can result increase the competitive advantage of Riordan with other businesses in the industry. The analysis of the Supply Chain Cycle Time allows managers to identify the time to fill a customer order in the absence of an existing inventory. A short cycle time may be a strong indication of an efficient time to manufacture the product. The time needed to meet the demand of customers is essential to establishing a customer base and increasing revenues. Products must be manufactured within sufficient time to meet the demand of customers to avoid cancelled orders and excess inventory. Riordan manufactures standard and custom bottles based on an annual contract consisting of quantities forecasted...
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