...In the early nineteenth century, President Thomas Jefferson of the United States sought to propose an expedition to Congress with the intent of finding a “Northwest Passage,” a series of interconnected rivers that would assist in transporting goods across the continent to the Pacific Ocean and ultimately to ports overseas, greatly expanding the nation's economic potential. In January 1803, Jefferson asked Congress for $2,500 to fund an expedition up the Missouri River and asked Meriwether Lewis, a young army captain and friend of the President, to lead the expedition. In a written letter to Lewis, Jefferson described the primary pursuit of the presented expedition thus: “To explore the Missouri river,. such principal stream of it, as, by its...
Words: 2804 - Pages: 12
...inspired by the readings such as Charles Lyell and Thomas Malthus. Browne notes that, “Even so, the parallels between Darwin’s and Wallace’s ideas are no less remarkable for their cultural symmetry. Their similarities are further demonstrated by them sharing similar geographical exploration and travel experiences and their mutual appreciations of their marvels of nature and overwhelming desire to comprehend them…” (Browne 2010: 357). The two theorists examined the concepts of natural selection independently until its publication. By the 1958, Darwin had already developed his idea on natural selection but had not published it as he was still collecting more evidence. After his previous research had been destroyed in his journey back to England from Brazilian Amazon, Wallace resumed his research on natural selection while at Archipelago which was marked by his famous “letter to Darwin” that contained an essay discussing a theory very similar to Darwin’s. The situation was very challenging as these two theorists had been independently studying the same topic with almost similar outcomes. These events led to...
Words: 2334 - Pages: 10
...The Indigenous Heritage Of The Caribbean And Its Contribution To A Caribbean Identity Text from the Untold Origins Exhibition held at the Cuming Museum, October 2004 to February 2005. The Cuming Museum 155-157 Walworth Road London SE17 1RS 020 7525 2163 cuming.museum@southwark.gov.uk www.southwark.gov.uk/DiscoverSouthwark/Museums ‘Mabrika Mabrika- welcomeIt has been very important to be able to look at the objects in the Cuming Museum. It makes me realise how much we can regain from what we have lost of our culture by studying these objects.’ The Honourable Charles Williams, Carib Chief of the Carib Territory, Commonwealth of Dominica, on a visit to the Cuming Museum, October 6 2004. He is holding a ceremonial baton or club, used by chiefs as a badge of office on ceremonial occasions. From the Schomburgk collection. Introduction The Caribbean has always seen people on the move - from the settlement of people from the South American mainland thousands of years ago, the forced settlement of enslaved people from Africa, to the 'Island hopping' and immigration abroad in search of work in the 20th century. Within the Untold Origins exhibition we explored what happens when people and cultures move and come into contact with each other. What do people preserve from their original culture to maintain their sense of identity? How does contact with a new culture change how they view themselves? The histories and stories of the people who populated the Caribbean prior to...
Words: 4910 - Pages: 20
...diverse nation on the planet. There may be other facts disputing this assumption but the United States beats other culturally diverse nations in terms of the tolerance and harmony between the resident cultures. All this can been attested to the fact that America is an Immigration Country. The country constitutes people from different parts of the world. The process of people moving into the new world that is the Americas where the United State lies began centuries ago and has been an ongoing process to the current day. This paper examines the origins of their Native Americans. This paper also explores their journey into the Americas as the first Immigrants. Their settlement patterns and ways of life will also be examined. The paper also explores how the Native Americans in the Americas fared during the European conquest of the region that is currently identified as the America. Euro-Indian relations, conflicts and their aftermath is also a focus point of the paper, which culminates into the current state of affairs of the Native American community in the Americas. Origins of the Native Americans There are diverse sources of information on the origins and history of the Native Americans. They include oral history passed down through generations. This oral history is as diverse as the Indian Nations. Different tribes have different folklore to explain their origins. For instance, the Haida who reside in British Columbia say that man was shaken out of a clam shell by a raven. The...
Words: 2083 - Pages: 9
...9-803-127 REV: DECEMBER 2, 2010 NANCY F. KOEHN Leadership in Crisis: Ernest Shackleton and the Epic Voyage of the Endurance For scientific discovery give me Scott; for speed and efficiency of travel give me Amundsen; but when disaster strikes and all hope is gone, get down on your knees and pray for Shackleton. — Sir Raymond Priestley, Antarctic Explorer and Geologist On January 18, 1915, the ship Endurance, carrying a highly celebrated British polar expedition, froze into the icy waters off the coast of Antarctica. The leader of the expedition, Sir Ernest Shackleton, had planned to sail his boat to the coast through the Weddell Sea, which bounded Antarctica to the north, and then march a crew of six men, supported by dogs and sledges, to the Ross Sea on the opposite side of the continent (see Exhibit 1).1 Deep in the southern hemisphere, it was early in the summer, and the Endurance was within sight of land, so Shackleton still had reason to anticipate reaching shore. The ice, however, was unusually thick for the ship’s latitude, and an unexpected southern wind froze it solid around the ship. Within hours the Endurance was completely beset, a wooden island in a sea of ice. More than eight months later, the ice still held the vessel. Instead of melting and allowing the crew to proceed on its mission, the ice, moving with ocean currents, had carried the boat over 670 miles north.2 As it moved, the ice slowly began to soften, and the tremendous force of distant currents...
Words: 21552 - Pages: 87
...Mackerel Date: 02/18/2012 Physical Description and Habitat - In the Atlantic Ocean there are three fish groups of Mackerel. The (Scomberomorus maculatus) or more commonly referred to as the Spanish mackerel are “mid-level pelagic carnivores” (noaa.gov) that have closely related cousins. The other types of mackerel that are related to the Spanish are the larger but less spotted King mackerel (Scomberomorus cavalla) - and the (Scomberomorus regalis) known as the Cero mackerel. All types of mackerel are migratory pelagic fish. They inhabit, feed and spawn in areas of the Atlantic spanning from the Gulf of Mexico to Northern parts of the eastern United States. Although there are subtle differences between the three types, this paper will focus mainly on the Spanish mackerel. The male and female Spanish mackerels vary in size. The male usually averages out to a length of about nineteen inches while the larger sized female mackerel can grow as long as thirty three inches (Wikipedia). The Spanish mackerel’s are a stunningly colored fish. They are mainly silver from its head to tail, however the upper back almost glows green, while its sides have layered yellow spots, standing out further due to its mainly black shaded dorsal fin and tail. Mainly looking for prey the mackerel tends to stay in shallower water, sometimes noticed snorkelers and or scuba diving alike close to the shore. Although mackerels growth rate is extremely up to four years of age and then hold...
Words: 1208 - Pages: 5
...The Extinction of the Woolly Mammoth Lee Rhubin English Composition II Instructor J. Kobus 10/25/2010 Abstract There have been many theories and hypotheses explaining why the woolly mammoth became extinct. In fact, there are ongoing studies and research attempting to offer more evidence for the different theories. While evidence from the remains and carcasses of woolly mammoths found frozen in the northern parts of the globe strengthen the claims of scientists and researchers, other methods of knowing the real causes are still elusive. Two main arguments aimed at explaining these mammals’ extinction continue to be debated. Climate change as the reason for their demise is countered by the theory that human hunting activities killed the species. However, there are some hypotheses that the combination of both (climate and hunting) is the cause of the woolly mammoth’s extinction. This paper provides the evidence that each theory has gathered to support its claim. The Extinction of the Woolly Mammoth The woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) is one of the kinds of mammoths that existed. This animal is actually considered an elephant but in reality it is only a distant cousin of the Asian elephant. Its body was covered with hair. Its shoulders were emphatically humped, with a sloping back. The ears were much smaller than the ordinary elephants we see today, with a shorter tail. Teeth were differently shaped and structured; the trunk was shorter and hairier with...
Words: 2493 - Pages: 10
...contributing members of society. Instead of institutionalizing suggestible minds, guaranteeing that every third person that is locked up will be back at least two or three more times as a juvenile (Parker, 2006), Oregon lawmakers should support the development and utilization of wilderness therapy programs which are quickly proving to be able to drastically reduce the recidivism rates among their graduates. It is important to acknowledge up front that in some cases detention facilities do serve an important social function. It is not the purpose of this paper to argue for the dismantling of these facilities altogether. Getting violent criminals - those convicted of rape, murder, assault, gun crimes, or that exhibit other incorrigible behavior - off the streets is an undeniably important undertaking. These individuals, however, are a small percentage of the total juvenile criminal population, and thus not a central focus of this paper. Further, these individuals are shown to receive little benefit from the form of therapy discussed herein (Lipsey,...
Words: 2116 - Pages: 9
...the intertidal zone and occupying large tracts along the shallow coasts, estuaries and in the deltas where they are influenced by tides, widely differing conditions of saline and rainfall regimes. The coastline of Pakistan is 1,050 km long and 40-50 km wide shared by the provinces of Sindh (350 km) and Balochistan (700 km). In the Sindh province, mangroves are found in the Indus Delta which occupies approximately 600,000 ha extending from Korangi Creek in the north to Sir Creek in the South. Indus Delta comprises 17 major creeks, numerous minor creeks and extensive mudflats and constitutes 97% of total mangrove forests found in Pakistan. Mangroves of Indus delta are unique in being the largest arid climate mangroves in the world. The survival of these forests is largely associated with perennial freshwater supplies from the River Indus, which flows through the delta before reaching the Arabian Sea. An area of 344,845 ha of the Indus delta has been declared as protected forests and is under the control of Sindh Forest Department. The Indus Delta is believed to have had as many as eight mangrove species in the past. However at present, only four species have been left. Nearly 95% of the mangroves located in the Indus Delta comprise the species Avicennia marina. Very small patches of Ceriops tagal and Aegiceras corniculatum are found near the mouth of the Indus at Keti Bunder. Rizophora mucronata has been introduced in the Indus delta through replanting work. In Baluchistan...
Words: 5170 - Pages: 21
...N I N E In Cold Blood: The Tale of the Icefish In all things of nature there is something of the marvelous. -Aristotle It was a long way just to go fishing. The us-foot converted wooden sealing boat Norveg/a put to sea out of Sandcford Harbor, Norway on September 14,1927. Its primary destination was perhaps the most remote piece of land on the planet. Tiny Bouvet Island, a speck in the vast Southern Ocean, lay more than six thousand miles from Norway, sixteen hundred miles from the tip of Africa, and more than three thousand miles from South America. In the mid-1920S, commercial invention whaling was booming. The Norwegian of factory ships allowed greater numbers of animals to be taken without relying on shore facilities. Finding new stocks of whales was a priorHCllRE 9.1 The Non'egia a/ Bouvet Island. Photo (rom F;1I1gstOg Forskning r Sydish,lVct by Bjame Aagaard, Volume "N)le Tider." Published bv Cyldelldai Norsk Foriag, Oslo. 1930. ity for the entrepreneurs 2, who went to sea, and establishing tory and w.llers was a priorit) for the countries government claims to terri- involved. The Norwegian wanted to stake a claim to this icc-covered volcanic rock with 167 168 PART IV EVOLUTION IN ACT CHAPTER ON FIGURE 9.2 DitlefRlIstad 011 the Norvegia foredeck. Photo from Fangst Og Forskning I Sydishavet h)' 13,Clme i\C1gclClrd,volume "Nye Tider." Published by Cyldendal Norsk Forlag, Oslo, 1930. 9 ...
Words: 4258 - Pages: 18
...BTEC Edexcel Level 2 BTEC First Certificate and Edexcel Level 2 BTEC First Diplomas in Sport For first teaching from September 2006 Issue 2 March 2007 Specification Edexcel Level 2 BTEC First Certificate and Edexcel Level 2 BTEC First Diplomas in Sport Edexcel, a Pearson company, is the UK’s largest awarding body offering academic and vocational qualifications and testing to more than 25,000 schools, colleges, employers and other places of learning here and in over 100 countries worldwide. We deliver 9.4 million exam scripts each year, with 3 million marked onscreen in 2005. Our qualifications include GCSE, AS and A Level, GNVQ, NVQ and the BTEC suite of vocational qualifications from entry level to BTEC Higher National Diplomas and Foundation Degrees. We also manage the data collection, marking and distribution of the National Curriculum Tests at Key Stages 2 and 3, and the Year 7 Progress Tests. References to third party material made in this specification are made in good faith. Edexcel does not endorse, approve or accept responsibility for the content of materials, which may be subject to change, or any opinions expressed therein. (Material may include textbooks, journals, magazines and other publications and websites.) Authorised by Jim Dobson Prepared by Dominic Sutton Publications Code BF017349 All the material in this publication is copyright © Edexcel Limited 2007 Essential principles for delivering a BTEC This specification contains the rules...
Words: 53621 - Pages: 215
... This is a good gesture as it provides a basis on which to protect local systems of innovation through granting them intellectual property rights, whenever such innovations are discovered. But what is the link between Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) and eco-tourism? As discussed in this paper, ecotourism - a fairly new concept emerged in the late 1980s to provide a firm basis for sustainable tourism principles. Indeed the emergence of ecotourism - which is arguably supposed to be sustainable was necessary given that conventional tourism popularly referred to as ‘mass tourism’ was becoming unsustainable and hence leading to high negative impacts/costs than earlier thought. As a result of this the world was begging for sustainable tourism development tourism that can last and benefit future generations the way it has benefited the currents ones. It should be noted here that sustainable tourism just like sustainable development hinges on four major pillars, namely: social, economic, environmental and cultural pillars. Ecotourism being a component of sustainable tourism is therefore analysed along theses pillars in terms of how it relates with Indigenous Knowledge System in Kenya. This paper attempts to discuss the definitions and concepts related to IKS and ecotourism, then...
Words: 8874 - Pages: 36
...sustainability has frequently proven difficult in its implementation, evaluation and effective communication.It was our intention to provide an outline of the diverse views on the subject, focusing on globalization as a change of attitude towards sustainability.It is a review of terminology associated with the SD and its multiple interpretations.It is referenced the apparent and irrelevant impact of initiatives to solve the economic, social and environmental problem. It emphasizes the influence and importance of strategies and the positioning of SMEs on the way to SD in the policy of act local think global. KEYWORDS Strategy Sustainable development Sustainability, SMEs JERÓNIMO, WINSTON CENSE, Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal OLIVEIRA, NUNO GASPAR DE CIGEST, Assistente Instituto Superior de Gestão, Portugal 1. INTRODUCTION “(R)Evolution or Death”, adapted from the revolutionary slogan used and popularized by the Cuban regime, serves as motto for the urgent need to transform our production and consumption systems and our standing towards the environment around us. In essence, Sustainable Development (SD) is a concern for creating opportunity and welfare conditions, today and tomorrow, equally in the aspirations of man and his basic needs, as well as respect for the environment in which he interacts. SD is also a stated aspiration...
Words: 9085 - Pages: 37
...Giraffid Newsletter of the Giraffe & Okapi Specialist Group Note from the Co-‐Chairs Volume 7(2), December 2013 Wow – what a bumper issue and, of course, only befitting for the renamed Giraffid newsletter of the IUCN SSC Giraffe and Okapi Specialist Group (GOSG)! Inside this issue: It has been an exciting last six months and this issue brings you lots of stories and tall tales from across the African continent and beyond. From species conservation strategies and Red List updates, interesting wild and captive behaviours to translocations, hooves and DNA, this is truly a fully loaded newsletter. An inspiring read to keep us all going over the imminent festive season and a relaxing winter or summer break. Unusual sightings of wild giraffe behaviour 4 GOSG together with the Zoological Society of London (ZSL), the Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature...
Words: 32485 - Pages: 130
...Assignment on CSR Practices in Private Banks Submitted to Mr. S. S. M. Sadrul Huda Assistant Professor Business Administration Submitted by Name ID Md. Amir Khan 2012-1-10-206 Farjana Afrin 2012-1-10-203 Shuvro Protim Chondro 2010-3-10-087 MD Towfique Alahy 2012-2-30-049 Mahmuda Akter 2013-1-10-268 Table of Content Abstract This paper examines peoples understanding, services, expectations and assessment of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) of private banks, especially Dutch-Bangla Bank Ltd, Prime Bank, Unite Commercial Bank, Premier Bank, BRAC Bank are the largest private banks in Bangladesh. This study has been conducted among the stakeholders and beneficiaries of these private Bank Limited. An interview has been conducted using structured questionnaires to critically examine the subjective perceptions of the meaning, reasons and various aspects of CSR tasks of in Bangladesh. It has been found out that common people either do not have clear understanding about CSR activities or are not really concerned about the social responsibilities of the corporate organizations. The expected outcome of CSR activities, as has been stated in the memorandum and commitments of the corporate houses, has yet to be achieved. This study suggests that a more comprehensive and humane involvement of the common people in the CSR activities is required, which would not only fulfill the intended goals and objectives of the private banks but also ensure...
Words: 7200 - Pages: 29
